Renewable energy and sustainable development: a crucial review
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between renewable energy and sustainable development is discussed and the potential solutions to current environmental problems are identified along with renewable energy technologies, and an illustrative example is presented.
Abstract: Achieving solutions to environmental problems that we face today requires long-term potential actions for sustainable development. In this regard, renewable energy resources appear to be the one of the most efficient and effective solutions. That is why there is an intimate connection between renewable energy and sustainable development. Anticipated patterns of future energy use and consequent environmental impacts (focussing on acid precipitation, stratospheric ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect) are comprehensively discussed in this paper. Also, potential solutions to current environmental problems are identified along with renewable energy technologies. The relations between renewable energy and sustainable development are described with practical cases, and an illustrative example is presented. Throughout the paper several issues relating to renewable energy, environment and sustainable development are examined from both current and future perspectives. It is believed that the conclusions and recommendations drawn in the present study will be useful to energy scientists and engineers and policy makers.
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Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai1, Pure Earth2, World Bank3, University of Arizona4, McGill University5, Indian Ministry of Environment and Forests6, Qatar Airways7, University of Health Sciences Antigua8, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich9, Johns Hopkins University10, Boston College11, Chulabhorn Research Institute12, University of Maryland, College Park13, University of Ghana14, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares15, University of Chicago16, University of London17, University of Oxford18, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi19, Simon Fraser University20, Consortium of Universities for Global Health21, University of Ottawa22, Columbia University23, Stockholm Resilience Centre24, Massachusetts Institute of Technology25, University of Queensland26, University of California, Berkeley27, New York University28, National Institutes of Health29, Public Health Research Institute30, United Nations Industrial Development Organization31, Renmin University of China32
TL;DR: This book is dedicated to the memory of those who have served in the armed forces and their families during the conflicts of the twentieth century.
2,628 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review has been done on scope of CO2 mitigation through solar cooker, water heater, dryer, biofuel, improved cookstove and by hydrogen, which provides an excellent opportunity for mitigation of greenhouse gas emission and reducing global warming through substituting conventional energy sources.
Abstract: Renewable technologies are considered as clean sources of energy and optimal use of these resources minimize environmental impacts, produce minimum secondary wastes and are sustainable based on current and future economic and social societal needs. Sun is the source of all energies. The primary forms of solar energy are heat and light. Sunlight and heat are transformed and absorbed by the environment in a multitude of ways. Some of these transformations result in renewable energy flows such as biomass and wind energy. Renewable energy technologies provide an excellent opportunity for mitigation of greenhouse gas emission and reducing global warming through substituting conventional energy sources. In this article a review has been done on scope of CO2 mitigation through solar cooker, water heater, dryer, biofuel, improved cookstoves and by hydrogen.
2,584 citations
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...A schematic illustration of greenhouse effect [23]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the principles of dielectric energy-storage applications, and recent developments on different types of Dielectrics, namely linear dielectrics (LDE), paraelectric, ferroelectrics, and antiferro electrics, focusing on perovskite lead-free dielectors.
941 citations
TL;DR: Recently, due to the attractive properties such as appropriate band structure, ultrahigh specific surface area, and more exposed active sites, two-dimensional (2D) photocatalysts have attracted significant attention as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Hydrogen generation from the direct splitting of water by photocatalysis is regarded as a promising and renewable solution for the energy crisis The key to realize this reaction is to find an efficient and robust photocatalyst that ideally makes use of the energy from sunlight Recently, due to the attractive properties such as appropriate band structure, ultrahigh specific surface area, and more exposed active sites, two-dimensional (2D) photocatalysts have attracted significant attention for photocatalytic water splitting This Review attempts to summarize recent progress in the fabrication and applications of 2D photocatalysts including graphene-based photocatalysts, 2D oxides, 2D chalcogenides, 2D carbon nitride, and some other emerging 2D materials for water splitting The construction strategies and characterization techniques for 2D/2D photocatalysts are summarized Particular attention has been paid to the role of 2D/2D interfaces in these 2D photocatalysts as the interfaces and heterojunctions a
717 citations
18 May 2015
TL;DR: The most successful generator-converter configurations are addressed along with few promising topologies available in the literature from the market based survey, and the past, present and future trends in megawatt WECS are reviewed in terms of mechanical and electrical technologies, integration to power systems, and control theory.
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive study on the state-of-the-art and emerging wind energy technologies from the electrical engineering perspective. In an attempt to decrease cost of energy, increase the wind energy conversion efficiency, reliability, power density, and comply with the stringent grid codes, the electric generators and power electronic converters have emerged in a rigorous manner. From the market based survey, the most successful generator-converter configurations are addressed along with few promising topologies available in the literature. The back-to-back connected converters, passive generator-side converters, converters for multiphase generators, and converters without intermediate dc-link are investigated for high-power wind energy conversion systems (WECS), and presented in low and medium voltage category. The onshore and offshore wind farm configurations are analyzed with respect to the series/parallel connection of wind turbine ac/dc output terminals, and high voltage ac/dc transmission. The fault-ride through compliance methods used in the induction and synchronous generator based WECS are also discussed. The past, present and future trends in megawatt WECS are reviewed in terms of mechanical and electrical technologies, integration to power systems, and control theory. The important survey results, and technical merits and demerits of various WECS electrical systems are summarized by tables. The list of current and future wind turbines are also provided along with technical details.
694 citations
Cites background from "Renewable energy and sustainable de..."
...In recent years, electricity production from the hydro, solar, wind, geothermal, tidal, wave and biomass energy sources has come under increasing attention [1], [2]....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between energy, the environment and sustainable development from both current and future perspectives, and proposed solutions to current environmental issues in terms of energy conservation and renewable energy technologies and some theoretical and practical limitations on increased energy efficiency.
Abstract: Problems with energy supply and use are related not only to global warming, but also to such environmental concerns as air pollution, ozone depletion forest destruction and emission of radioactive substances. These issues must be taken into consideration simultaneously if humanity is to achieve a bright energy future with minimal environmental impacts. Much evidence exists which suggests that the future will be negatively impacted if humans keep degrading the environment. There is an intimate connection between energy, the environment and sustainable development. A society seeking sustainable development ideally must utilize only energy resources which cause no environmental impact (e.g. which release no emissions to the environment). However, since all energy resources lead to some environmental impact, it is reasonable to suggest that some (not all) of the concerns regarding the limitations imposed on sustainable development by environmental emissions and their negative impacts can be in part overcome through increased energy efficiency. A strong relation clearly exists between energy efficiency and environmental impact since, for the same services or products, less resource utilization and pollution is normally associated with higher efficiency processes. Anticipated patterns of future energy use and consequent environmental impact (focusing on acid precipitation, stratospheric ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect) are comprehensively discussed in this paper. Also, some solutions to current environmental issues in terms of energy conservation and renewable energy technologies are identified and some theoretical and practical limitations on increased energy efficiency are explained. The relations between energy and sustainable development, and between the environment and sustainable development, are described, and an illustrative example is presented. Throughout the paper several issues relating to energy, environment and sustainable development are examined from both current and future perspectives. Finally, several conclusions and recommendations are drawn which may be useful to energy scientists and engineers and policy makers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
235 citations
163 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors pointed out that world energy consumption contributes to pollution, environmental deterioration, and global greenhouse emissions, and that increases in energy consumption are driven by population growth and economic growth.
Abstract: Today, world energy consumption contributes to pollution, environmental deterioration, and global greenhouse emissions. Increases in energy consumption are driven by population growth and economic ...
160 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1991
TL;DR: Energy and the Environment in the 21st century as mentioned in this paper provides an up-to-date assessment of projected energy requirements worldwide and of the ways these requirements can be met in an environmentally acceptable manner.
Abstract: How to deal with the environmental consequences of energy use is a complex problem that poses a serious challenge to industrial leaders, policymakers, and research scientists the world over "Energy and the Environment in the 21st Century "systematically addresses the larger issues of energy technology and the environment, providing an up-to-date assessment of projected energy requirements worldwide and of the ways these requirements can be met in an environmentally acceptable mannerThis valuable compendium of more than eighty original contributions provides the basis for an international agenda of energy and environmental technology and policy The various chapters are united by the theme that new and improved energy technologies are central to meeting humanity's goals of environmental, economic, and social well-being"Energy and the Environment in the 21 st Century "first addresses the broad underlying issues of environmental science, energy technology, demographics, economics, and policy and then takes up specific areas of energy technology, including transportation, industrial processes, building systems, electric power systems, resource supply, and advanced energy-supply technologiesJefferson W Tester is Professor of Chemical Engineering and Director of the Energy Laboratory at MIT
72 citations