Journal Article•
Replenishing the Earth: The Settler Revolution and the Rise of the Angloworld, 1780-1930
01 Jan 2010-British Journal of Canadian Studies (Liverpool University Press (UK))-Vol. 23, Iss: 1, pp 122
About: This article is published in British Journal of Canadian Studies.The article was published on 2010-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 26 citations till now.
Citations
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03 Jul 2019
TL;DR: Nicotinamide deficiency is an overlooked diagnosis in poor cereal-dependant economies masquerading as 'environmental enteropathy' or physical and cognitive stunting as mentioned in this paper.Good health and rapid progress depend on an optimal dose of nicotinamide.
Abstract: Good health and rapid progress depend on an optimal dose of nicotinamide. Too little meat triggers the neurodegenerative condition pellagra and tolerance of symbionts such as tuberculosis (TB), risking dysbioses and impaired resistance to acute infections. Nicotinamide deficiency is an overlooked diagnosis in poor cereal-dependant economies masquerading as 'environmental enteropathy' or physical and cognitive stunting. Too much meat (and supplements) may precipitate immune intolerance and autoimmune and allergic disease, with relative infertility and longevity, via the tryptophan-nicotinamide pathway. This switch favours a dearth of regulatory T (Treg) and an excess of T helper cells. High nicotinamide intake is implicated in cancer and Parkinson's disease. Pro-fertility genes, evolved to counteract high-nicotinamide-induced infertility, may now be risk factors for degenerative disease. Moderation of the dose of nicotinamide could prevent some common diseases and personalised doses at times of stress or, depending on genetic background or age, may treat some other conditions.
75 citations
Dissertation•
01 Dec 2013
TL;DR: Argentina's early twentieth century is commonly portrayed as a "golden age" in which it became "one of the richest countries in the world" as discussed by the authors, however, this optimistic vision is challenged by placing Argentina within a new metanarrative of global divergence during the long nineteenth century.
Abstract: Argentina’s early twentieth century is commonly portrayed as a ‘golden age’ in which it became ‘one of the richest countries in the world’. Here, however, this optimistic vision is challenged by placing Argentina within a new metanarrative of global divergence during the long nineteenth century. A massive terms-of-trade boom – the extent of which has not previously been appreciated – had profoundly uneven impacts across the periphery. Where land was abundant, frontiers could expand, leading to dramatic extensive (that is, aggregate) growth. An expanding frontier then had a safety-valve effect on labour markets, so capitalists responded to high wages by mechanising production, which raised labour productivity and, consequently, per capita incomes. In the land-scarce periphery, by contrast, deindustrialisation led to increasing quantities of labour receiving diminishing returns by being applied to limited land resources. Similarly, Argentina’s own century-long terms-of-trade boom allowed the Littoral to prosper but made the more densely populated interior stagnate. The presence of the poor interior then prevented the country from developing the kind of white-egalitarian democracy that had allowed the prosperous European offshoots to make the transition to rapid intensive (that is, per capita) growth. Most importantly, Argentina’s political backwardness ensured that landownership remained concentrated, which muted the safety-valve effect of the expanding frontier, so capitalists did not make the same investments in laboursaving technologies. The new metanarrative of global divergence thus leads to a far more pessimistic revision of Argentina at the beginning of the twentieth century – a revision that is verified through a comparative assessment of its living standards that shows them to have been considerably below the levels of Northern Europe and the European offshoots. Argentina’s ‘golden age’ is therefore a myth.
48 citations
Dissertation•
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: The authors contextualized some of these recognizable names and faces by placing them into the transnational circuits that brought them to New Zealand, and argued that New Zealanders actively participated in these transnational networks of politics, entertainment, and sport.
Abstract: Numerous famous individuals travelled to New Zealand in the period from the 1880s to the 1930s. Their names have previously lent celebrity endorsement to the promotion of New Zealand tourism and the twentieth-century historical project to define a unique national identity. This thesis contextualizes some of these recognizable names and faces by placing them into the transnational circuits that brought them to New Zealand. It addresses three groups of mainly male visitors to New Zealand from the 1880s to the 1930s: political commentators, itinerant lecturers, and wealthy fishermen. Partly due to the promotional efforts of these visitors, New Zealand has acquired the international reputation of being a ???social laboratory??? at the turn of the twentieth century, a tourist destination in the early twentieth century, and a millionaires??? playground in the interwar period. Re-situating these privileged individuals in their contemporary networks and communities demonstrates ways in which these national and nationalistic images were generated, and the limits of their application to understanding New Zealand???s past. The personal relationships that created and nurtured the networks that allowed individuals to lead transnational lives in this period are also explored, and this thesis argues that New Zealanders actively participated in these transnational circuits of politics, entertainment, and sport. If we view history in national isolation we lose sight of the sustained connections New Zealand and New Zealanders had with the world throughout these decades. It is not enough to simply theorize transnational connections; transnational networks must be populated. Peopling these transnational networks of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century with the familiar names that helped constituted them enriches our view of New Zealand in this period.
38 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore how and with what effect the Confederate rebellion sprawled across the oceans and suggest the "blue water" theater as an integrated whole, whose sea lanes connected Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific waters to those of the Indian Ocean and the Bering Sea.
Abstract: Beginning with this journal's 2011 inaugural issue, its contributors and readers have witnessed the conceptual power of oceanic place-names. "Atlantic," "Caribbean," and "Pacific rim" perspectives have been prominently featured, and each has significantly enhanced our understanding of the North American 1860s. (1) This watery nomenclature has involved both more and less than it implies. As an exercise in innovative metageography, the "worlds" of oceans and seas have reconfigured vast networks of interaction and influence that earlier histories often separated by national, continental, or hemispheric boundaries. (2) Yet, both in this journal and across the field of Civil War studies more generally, the terminology has mainly applied to terrestrial locales situated on the dry (or semidry) edges of dynamic maritime zones. While we have gained much in looking out from ports and coastlines upon and across the high seas, there are a series of Civil War-era maritime conflicts, controversies, and programs that need to be viewed from the decks of ocean-borne ships surrounded by nothing but water. This essay's chief concern--to explore how and with what effect the Confederate rebellion sprawled across the oceans--begins with a simple suggestion: to consider the "blue water" theater as an integrated whole, whose sea lanes connected Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific waters to those of the Indian Ocean and the Bering Sea. This far-flung salt water complex confronts us as the largest and the least conceptualized spatial arena of an ever-more globalized Civil War. (3) The notion of a Salt Water Civil War offers more than a new spatial category. By drawing attention to a series of war-related developments in international waters, the terminology addresses how American belligerency mattered to all members of a global community, which in the mid-nineteenth century was fixated on the terms and possibilities of oceanic sea power, trade, exploration, and reform. A key goal of this essay is to survey the burgeoning specialized literatures devoted to war-related maritime incidents, beginning with that spate of Civil War naval histories capped recently by authoritative overviews of James McPherson and Craig Symonds. (4) Another objective is to demonstrate how such impressive summations, and the increasingly sophisticated and ambitious research agendas of naval history as a subfield, can benefit from a more sustained engagement with the economic, scientific, diplomatic, and cultural studies of the 1860s high seas. (5) Setting Civil War narratives aside from work developed apart from U.S. history can be a step toward embedding Union and Confederate initiatives within world history, broadly conceived. In combining synthesis and agenda-setting, this essay uses the New Thalassology as a point of departure and framing device. A bit more than a decade ago, Mediterranean specialists deployed the ancient Greek term thalassa ("the seas") to a distinctive mode of historicizing the waters of the Earth. (6) As the approach was taken up and applied to an increasing array of blue water settings, a set of defining thalassological principles have placed sea-based human endeavors at the center, rather than on the margins, of historical narratives, thus offsetting a prevalent "terracentric bias." (7) Thalassological approaches consider the high seas a realm of meaningful human activity in its own right and insist that the economic, legal, and imaginative construction of these spaces involved historical developments of enormous consequence. (8) Rather than the spaces "in between" continental land-masses and "around" island archipelagos, oceans in these renderings have been forums for international economic development, intercontinental migration, scientific discovery, war-making, and resource management, to name the most critical topics. (9) A similar ocean-centered approach can provide new vantages on the international dimensions of the American Civil War. …
24 citations
TL;DR: This paper argued that the land discourse has generally been emphasized over and above the latter, which examines principally in terms of the struggle for the rangatiratanga (loosely translatable as autonomy) promised to Maori by the British Crown in the Treaty of Waitangi of 1840.
Abstract: This article interrogates indigeneity in the context of two New Zealand indigenous discourses, one of them land orientated and the other people orientated. It argues that the former has generally been emphasized over and above the latter, which it examines principally in terms of the struggle for the rangatiratanga (loosely translatable as autonomy) promised to Maori by the British Crown in the Treaty of Waitangi of 1840. People-based discourse is seen as key to the resilience of Maoridom and its powerful assertions of agency in recent decades. But to argue in this way is not to discount the land discourse, which in the holistic Maori worldview is conflated with the people discourse and rangatiratanga
21 citations
Cites background from "Replenishing the Earth: The Settler..."
...While this saga of conquest by both pen and sword is a familiar one within empire (Weaver 2003, Belich 2009), it contrasts with a longstanding popular and official myth that New Zealand’s history is essentially one of exemplary race relations....
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References
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TL;DR: This article investigated the evolving conceptions of national identity in Canada and Australia through an analysis of officially sanctioned history textbooks in Ontario, Canada and Victoria, Australia, and found that by the late 1960s the new narratives Ontarians and Victorians constructed claimed that the British Empire and national identity were no longer significantly linked.
Abstract: This article investigates the evolving conceptions of national identity in Canada and Australia through an analysis of officially sanctioned history textbooks in Ontario, Canada and Victoria, Australia. From the 1930s until the 1950s, Britain and the British Empire served a pivotal role in history textbooks and curricula in both territories. Textbooks generally held that British and imperial history were crucial to the Canadian and Australian national identity. Following the Second World War, textbooks in both Ontario and Victoria began to recognize Britain’s loss of power, and how this changed Australian and Canadian participation in the British Empire/Commonwealth. But rather than advocate for a complete withdrawal from engagement with Britain, authors emphasized the continuing importance of the example of the British Empire and Commonwealth to world affairs. In fact, participation in the Commonwealth was often described as of even more importance as the Dominions could take a more prominent place in imperial affairs. By the 1960s, however, textbook authors in Ontario and Victoria began to change their narratives, de-emphasizing the importance of the British Empire to the Canadian and Australian identity. Crucially, by the late 1960s the new narratives Ontarians and Victorians constructed claimed that the British Empire and national identity were no longer significantly linked. An investigation into these narratives of history will provide a unique window into officially acceptable views on imperialism before and during the era of decolonization.
13 citations
TL;DR: This article argued for the value of considering the nineteenth-century literary cultures of the southern settler colonies of Austra... drawing on hemispheric, oceanic, and southern theory approaches.
Abstract: Drawing on hemispheric, oceanic, and southern theory approaches, this article argues for the value of considering the nineteenth-century literary cultures of the southern settler colonies of Austra...
13 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined how understandings of race and racism were encoded within university environments in the mid-twentieth century and how this epistemology influenced early academic comparisons of the United States and South Africa in the 1980s.
Abstract: This study examines scholarship about the global color-line. It unfolds in two sections. The first traces how understandings of race and racism were encoded within university environments in the mid-twentieth century. The second shows how this epistemology influenced early academic comparisons of the United States and South Africa in the 1980s and why the literature diversified in the post-apartheid era.
13 citations
Dissertation•
02 May 2016
TL;DR: MacDonald et al. as discussed by the authors investigated whether cultural appropriation of North American Indigeneity occurs in one of the most popular video games made, World of Warcraft, and considered how such appropriations might affect Indigenous-Settler relations.
Abstract: Cultural Appropriation, Postcolonial Fetishism, and Indigenous-Settler Relations in Blizzard Entertainment’s World of Warcraft Curtis Nash Advisor: University of Guelph, 2016 Professor D. B. MacDonald Few studies have examined the cultural appropriation of North American Indigeneity in video games. This thesis therefore investigates whether such appropriations occur in one of the most popular video games made, World of Warcraft, and considers how such appropriations might affect Indigenous-Settler relations. I undertook a discourse analysis of 85 forum discussions in which 682 players discussed the perceived similarities between the ‘races’ in Warcraft and real world ethnocultural groups. An open-ended online survey was also used, which received 29 responses. The results revealed that players believe, first, that Warcraft engages in the appropriation of Indigeneity and, second, that the Tauren most appropriate elements of Indigeneity. By using postcolonial fetishism, I theorize that the Tauren might serve as a fetish ‘object’ for those Settlers who play World of Warcraft, which transforms the Indigenous ‘Other’ into a fixated form that might mask its more foreboding revelations and thereby stabilizes Indigenous-Settler relations.
12 citations
01 Jan 2017
12 citations