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Journal ArticleDOI

Reservoir‐System Simulation and Optimization Models

01 Jul 1993-Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management (American Society of Civil Engineers)-Vol. 119, Iss: 4, pp 455-472
TL;DR: A broad array of computer models have been developed for evaluating reservoir operations as discussed by the authors, and selecting a modeling and analysis approach for a particular application depends upon the characteristics of the reservoir characteristics.
Abstract: A broad array of computer models has been developed for evaluating reservoir operations. Selecting a modeling and analysis approach for a particular application depends upon the characteristics of ...
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Application of heuristic programming methods using evolutionary and genetic algorithms are described, along with application of neural networks and fuzzy rule-based systems for inferring reservoir system operating rules, to assess the state of the art in optimization of reservoir system management and operations.
Abstract: With construction of new large-scale water storage projects on the wane in the U.S. and other developed countries, attention must focus on improving the operational effectiveness and efficiency of existing reservoir systems for maximizing the beneficial uses of these projects. Optimal coordination of the many facets of reservoir systems requires the assistance of computer modeling tools to provide information for rational management and operational decisions. The purpose of this review is to assess the state-of-the-art in optimization of reservoir system management and operations and consider future directions for additional research and application. Optimization methods designed to prevail over the high-dimensional, dynamic, nonlinear, and stochastic characteristics of reservoir systems are scrutinized, as well as extensions into multiobjective optimization. Application of heuristic programming methods using evolutionary and genetic algorithms are described, along with application of neural networks and fuzzy rule-based systems for inferring reservoir system operating rules.

1,484 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Simulation, optimization and combined simulation–optimization modeling approach are discussed and an overview of their applications reported in literature is provided to help system managers decide appropriate methodology for application to their systems.
Abstract: This paper presents a survey of simulation and optimization modeling approaches used in reservoir systems operation problems. Optimization methods have been proved of much importance when used with simulation modeling and the two approaches when combined give the best results. The main objective of this review article is to discuss simulation, optimization and combined simulation–optimization modeling approach and to provide an overview of their applications reported in literature. In addition to classical optimization techniques, application and scope of computational intelligence techniques, such as, evolutionary computations, fuzzy set theory and artificial neural networks, in reservoir system operation studies are reviewed. Conclusions and suggestive remarks based on this survey are outlined, which could be helpful for future research and for system managers to decide appropriate methodology for application to their systems.

428 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: RiverWare(tm), a new generalized river basin modeling tool, provides a construction kit for developing and running detailed, site‐specific models without the need to develop or maintain the supporting software within the water management agency.
Abstract: Water management agencies seek the next generation of modeling tools for planning and operating river basins. Previous site-specific models such as U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's (USBR) Colorado River Simulation System and Tennessee Valley Authority's (TVA) Daily Scheduling Model have become obsolete; however, new models are difficult and expensive to develop and maintain. Previous generalized river basin modeling tools are limited in their ability to represent diverse physical system and operating policy details for a wide range of applications. RiverWare(tm), a new generalized river basin modeling tool, provides a construction kit for developing and running detailed, site-specific models without the need to develop or maintain the supporting software within the water management agency. It includes an extensible library of modeling algorithms, several solvers, and a rich “language” for the expression of operating policy. Its point-and-click graphical interface facilitates model construction and execution, and communication of policies, assumptions and results to others. Applications developed and used by the TVA and the USBR demonstrate that a wide range of operational and planning problems on widely varying basins can be solved using this tool.

300 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel chaos genetic algorithm based on the chaos optimization algorithm (COA) and genetic algorithm (GA), which makes use of the ergodicity and internal randomness of chaos iterations, is presented to overcome premature local optimum and increase the convergence speed of genetic algorithm.
Abstract: Genetic algorithms (GA) have been widely applied to solve water resources system optimization. With the increase of the complexity and the larger problem scale of water resources system, GAs are most frequently faced with the problems of premature convergence, slow iterations to reach the global optimal solution and getting stuck at a local optimum. A novel chaos genetic algorithm (CGA) based on the chaos optimization algorithm (COA) and genetic algorithm (GA), which makes use of the ergodicity and internal randomness of chaos iterations, is presented to overcome premature local optimum and increase the convergence speed of genetic algorithm. CGA integrates powerful global searching capability of the GA with that of powerful local searching capability of the COA. Two measures are adopted in order to improve the performance of the GA. The first one is the adoption of chaos optimization of the initialization to improve species quality and to maintain the population diversity. The second is the utilization of annealing chaotic mutation operation to replace standard mutation operator in order to avoid the search being trapped in local optimum. The Rosenbrock function and Schaffer function, which are complex and global optimum functions and often used as benchmarks for contemporary optimization algorithms for GAs and Evolutionary computation, are first employed to examine the performance of the GA and CGA. The test results indicate that CGA can improve convergence speed and solution accuracy. Furthermore, the developed model is applied for the monthly operation of a hydropower reservoir with a series of monthly inflow of 38 years. The results show that the long term average annual energy based CGA is the best and its convergent speed not only is faster than dynamic programming largely, but also overpasses the standard GA. Thus, the proposed approach is feasible and effective in optimal operations of complex reservoir systems.

259 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this study the standard particle swarm optimization PSO algorithm is further improved by incorporating a new strategic mechanism called elitist-mutation to improve its performance, and it is seen that EMPSO is yielding better quality solutions with less number of function evaluations.
Abstract: This paper presents an efficient and reliable swarm intelligence-based approach, namely elitist-mutated particle swarm opti- mization EMPSO technique, to derive reservoir operation policies for multipurpose reservoir systems. Particle swarm optimizers are inherently distributed algorithms, in which the solution for a problem emerges from the interactions between many simple individuals called particles. In this study the standard particle swarm optimization PSO algorithm is further improved by incorporating a new strategic mechanism called elitist-mutation to improve its performance. The proposed approach is first tested on a hypothetical multireservoir system, used by earlier researchers. EMPSO showed promising results, when compared with other techniques. To show practical utility, EMPSO is then applied to a realistic case study, the Bhadra reservoir system in India, which serves multiple purposes, namely irrigation and hydropower generation. To handle multiple objectives of the problem, a weighted approach is adopted. The results obtained demonstrate that EMPSO is consistently performing better than the standard PSO and genetic algorithm techniques. It is seen that EMPSO is yielding better quality solutions with less number of function evaluations.

257 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The objective of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art of mathematical models developed for reservoir operations, including simulation, which include linear programming, dynamic programming, nonliner programming, and simulation.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art of mathematical models developed for reservoir operations, including simulation. Algorithms and methods surveyed include linear programming (LP), dynamic programming (DP), nonliner programming (NLP), and simulation. A general overview is first presented. The historical development of each key model is critically reviewed. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are presented.

1,345 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A simple simulation-optimization model for reservoir sizing has been presented as an example of systems approach respond to practical needs of water resources engineers, and the benefits of knowledge-based technology with regard to single-multipurpose reservoir analysis.
Abstract: During the past three decades, the application of the systems approach to reservoir management and operations has been established as one of the most important advances made in the field of water resources engineering A primary role of systems analysis is to provide an improved basis for decision making It has been concluded that a gap still exists between research studies and the application of a systems approach in practice The objective of this paper is to provide a short review of the mathematical models used in reservoir management and operations, to present conclusions reached by previous state-of-the-art reviews, and to provide two ideas for closing the gap between theory and practice First, a simple simulation-optimization model for reservoir sizing has been presented as an example of systems approach respond to practical needs of water resources engineers The second example illustrates the benefits of knowledge-based technology with regard to single-multipurpose reservoir analysis

266 citations

Book
01 Dec 1991
TL;DR: Economics for hydrosystems linear programming with applications to hydro systems dynamic and nonlinear programming with application to hydro systems uncertainty and reliability analysis of water demand forecasting surface water systems water distribution systems hydrology and hydraulics for water excess control urban collection, conveyance and storage systems floodplain management systems surface water system for flood control.
Abstract: Economics for hydrosystems linear programming with applications to hydrosystems dynamic and nonlinear programming with applications to hydrosystems uncertainty and reliability analysis of hydrosystems water demand forecasting surface water systems water distribution systems hydrology and hydraulics for water excess control urban collection, conveyance and storage systems floodplain management systems surface water system for flood control.

260 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a mathematical model was used for assessing alternative policies of operation for the Trent River system in Ontario, Canada, which is used for flood control, water supply, hydropower, and augmenting flows through the canal system during the summer period.
Abstract: This paper describes a mathematical model used for assessing alternative policies of operation for the Trent River system in Ontario, Canada. The Trent basin is characterized by numerous reservoirs (48 were represented in the model), each with a control structure(s) in its outlet channel(s). The reservoir system is used for flood control, water supply, hydropower, and augmenting flows through the canal system during the summer period. The need for assessing alternative policies arose from growing conflicts in recent years over satisfying all of the many water-based needs of the basin. To aid in assessing the impact of alternative policies, a simulation model was developed and applied. Every reservoir was subdivided into five storage zones (which were variable in a temporal sense). A time-based rule curve was also prescribed to represent ideal reservoir operation. Ranges were prescribed for channel flows, which were dependent on water-based needs. The underlying concept of the model was the functional (or mathematical) representation of the chief operator's perception of ‘Optimum’ operation and the derivation of this solution using a nested optimization submodel. ‘Penalty coefficients’ were assigned to those variables which represented deviations from ideal conditions. Different operational policies were simulated by altering relative values of these coefficients. The development and use of the model were simplified by representing the entire reservoir system in ‘capacitated network’ form and deriving optimum solutions for individual time periods with the ‘out-of-kilter’ algorithm. Besides being computationally efficient this algorithm simplified model development and permitted flexibility in readily using the model for a wide range of reservoir configurations and operating policies.

155 citations