Resistance of geopolymer materials to acid attack

doi:10.1016/J.CEMCONRES.2004.06.005

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Resistance of geopolymer materials to acid attack

Journal Article•DOI•

Resistance of geopolymer materials to acid attack

Tatiana Bakharev¹•Institutions (1)

Monash University¹

01 Apr 2005-Cement and Concrete Research (Pergamon)-Vol. 35, Iss: 4, pp 658-670

TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of geopolymer materials using a class F fly ash (FA) and alkaline activators when exposed to 5% solutions of acetic and sulfuric acids was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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About: This article is published in Cement and Concrete Research.The article was published on 2005-04-01. It has received 836 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Geopolymer & Potassium hydroxide.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Geopolymer concrete: A review of some recent developments

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Bhupinder Singh¹, G. Ishwarya¹, Mahesh P. Gupta¹, Sriman Kumar Bhattacharyya¹•Institutions (1)

Central Building Research Institute¹

15 Jun 2015-Construction and Building Materials

TL;DR: An overview of advances in geopolymers formed by the alkaline activation of aluminosilicates is presented along with opportunities for their use in building construction as mentioned in this paper, with respect to fresh and hardened states, interfacial transition zone between aggregate and geopolymer, bond with steel reinforcing bars and resistance to elevated temperature.

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899 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

An environmental evaluation of geopolymer based concrete production: reviewing current research trends

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Guillaume Habert¹, J.-B. d’Espinose de Lacaillerie², Nicolas Roussel¹•Institutions (2)

University of Paris¹, École Normale Supérieure²

01 Jul 2011-Journal of Cleaner Production

TL;DR: In this article, the authors carried out a detailed environmental evaluation of geopolymer concrete production using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology and found that the production of most standard types of OPC concrete has a slightly lower impact on global warming than standard Ordinary Portland Cement.

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868 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

One-part alkali-activated materials : a review

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Tero Luukkonen¹, Zahra Abdollahnejad¹, Juho Yliniemi¹, Paivo Kinnunen², Paivo Kinnunen¹, Mirja Illikainen¹ - Show less +2 more•Institutions (2)

University of Oulu¹, Imperial College London²

01 Jan 2018-Cement and Concrete Research

TL;DR: A review of one-part AAMs in terms of raw materials, activators, additives, mechanical and physical properties, curing mechanisms, hydration products, and environmental impacts can be found in this paper.

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733 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Durability of Geopolymer Materials in Sodium and Magnesium Sulfate Solutions

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Tatiana Bakharev¹•Institutions (1)

Monash University, Clayton campus¹

01 Jun 2005-Cement and Concrete Research

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the durability of geopolymer materials manufactured using class F fly ash and alkaline activators when exposed to a sulfate environment and found that the most significant deterioration was observed in the sodium sulfate solution and it appeared to be connected to migration of alkalies into solution.

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607 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Fly ash-based geopolymer: clean production, properties and applications

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Xiao Yu Zhuang¹, Liang Chen¹, Liang Chen², Sridhar Komarneni³, Chun Hui Zhou², Chun Hui Zhou¹, Chun Hui Zhou⁴, Dong Shen Tong², Dong Shen Tong¹, Hui Min Yang, Wei Hua Yu¹, Hao Wang⁴ - Show less +8 more•Institutions (4)

Zhejiang University of Technology¹, Ministry of Land and Resources of the People's Republic of China², Pennsylvania State University³, University of Southern Queensland⁴

01 Jul 2016-Journal of Cleaner Production

TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarized and examined the scientific advances in the preparation, properties and applications of fly ash-based geopolymer and proposed a new green cement based on fly ash.

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578 citations

Additional excerpts

...Bakharev (2005a) prepared fly ash-based geopolymer using NaOH, KOH, or Na2SiO3 as activator and investigated the durability after exposed them to sulfate environments (5% MgSO4 solution, 5% Na2SO4 solution and a solution of 5% MgSO4 +5% Na2SO4) for 5 months....
[...]
...Different alkali solutions (NaOH, KOH and Na2SiO3) have been used by Bakharev (2005b) to prepare fly ash-based geopolymer followed by immersing the geopolymers in 5% CH3COOH and H2SO4 solutions for 5 months....
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References

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Book•

Zeolite Molecular Sieves: Structure, Chemistry, and Use

[...]

Donald W Breck

16 Jan 1974

2,789 citations

"Resistance of geopolymer materials ..." refers background in this paper

...Interaction of geopolymers with the acid solutions can also cause replacement of the exchangeable cations (Na, K) in polymers by hydrogen or hydronium ions [10]:...
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...Polymer structures with a Si/Al ratio of 1 are more subject to the attack by the acid than more siliceous polymers [10]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Alkali-activated fly ashes: A cement for the future

[...]

Ángel Palomo¹, Michael W. Grutzeck², M.T. Blanco¹•Institutions (2)

Spanish National Research Council¹, Pennsylvania State University²

01 Aug 1999-Cement and Concrete Research

TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanism of activation of fly ash with highly alkaline solutions is described, and the product of the reaction is an amorphous aluminosilicate gel having a structure similar to that of zeolitic precursors.

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1,779 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

The geopolymerisation of alumino-silicate minerals

[...]

Hua Xu¹, J.S.J. van Deventer¹•Institutions (1)

University of Melbourne¹

01 Jun 2000-International Journal of Mineral Processing

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of mineral properties on the compressive strength of the synthesized geopolymer was investigated, and it was shown that a wide range of natural Al-Si minerals could serve as potential source materials for the synthesis of geopolymers.

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1,424 citations

"Resistance of geopolymer materials ..." refers background in this paper

...Reactions (4) and (5) present physical electrostatic reactions, where the alkali metal cation M + reacts with Al(OH)4 , –OSi(OH)3, divalent orthosilicic acid and trivalent orthosilicic acid ions to balance Coulombic electrostatic repellence [12]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Geopolymeric materials prepared using Class F fly ash and elevated temperature curing

[...]

Tatiana Bakharev¹•Institutions (1)

Monash University, Clayton campus¹

01 Jun 2005-Cement and Concrete Research

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of storing at room temperature before the application of heat on phase composition and phase composition was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and SEM.

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790 citations

Properties of geopolymer cements

[...]

Joseph Davidovits

01 Jan 1994

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a structural model for high-tech Geopolymer K-Poly(sialate-siloxo) binders, which is similar to that of zeolites and feldspathoids.

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Abstract: Geopolymer cement, high-alkali (K-Ca)-Poly(sialate-siloxo) cement, results from an inorganic polycondensation reaction, a so-called geopolymerisation yielding three dimensional zeolitic frameworks. High-tech Geopolymer K-Poly(sialate-siloxo) binders, whether used pure, with fillers or reinforced, are already finding applications in all fields of industry. These applications are to be found in the automobile and aeronautic industries, non-ferrous foundries and metallurgy, civil engineering, plastics industries, etc. Geopolymer cement hardens rapidly at room temperature and provides compressive strengths in the range of 20 MPa, after only 4 hours at 2 0°C, when tested in accordance with the standards applied to hydraulic binder mortars. The final 28-day compression strength is in the range of 70-100 MPa.The behaviour of geopolymeric cements is similar to that of zeolites and feldspathoids; they immobilize hazardous materials within the geopolymeric matrix, and act as a binder to convert semi-solid wastes into adhesive solids. Their unique properties which include high early strength, low shrinkage, freeze-thaw resistance, sulphate resistance and corrosion resistance, make them ideal for long term containment in surface disposal facilities. These high-alkali cements do not generate any Alkali-Aggregate-Reaction. Preliminary study involving 27 Al and 29 Si MASNMR spectroscopy and the proposed structural model, reveal

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615 citations