Resistive-Pulse Sensing — From Microbes to Molecules
About: This article is published in ChemInform.The article was published on 2000-10-10. It has received 126 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Pulse (physics) & Resistive touchscreen.
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TL;DR: Direct, real-time electrical detection of single virus particles with high selectivity by using nanowire field effect transistors is reported, suggesting potential for simultaneous detection of a large number of distinct viral threats at the single virus level.
Abstract: We report direct, real-time electrical detection of single virus particles with high selectivity by using nanowire field effect transistors. Measurements made with nanowire arrays modified with antibodies for influenza A showed discrete conductance changes characteristic of binding and unbinding in the presence of influenza A but not paramyxovirus or adenovirus. Simultaneous electrical and optical measurements using fluorescently labeled influenza A were used to demonstrate conclusively that the conductance changes correspond to binding/unbinding of single viruses at the surface of nanowire devices. pH-dependent studies further show that the detection mechanism is caused by a field effect, and that the nanowire devices can be used to determine rapidly isoelectric points and variations in receptor-virus binding kinetics for different conditions. Lastly, studies of nanowire devices modified with antibodies specific for either influenza or adenovirus show that multiple viruses can be selectively detected in parallel. The possibility of large-scale integration of these nanowire devices suggests potential for simultaneous detection of a large number of distinct viral threats at the single virus level.
1,257 citations
TL;DR: This work describes how engineered membrane pores can be used to make rapid and sensitive biosensors with potential applications that range from the detection of biological warfare agents to pharmaceutical screening.
Abstract: Sensory systems use a variety of membrane-bound receptors, including responsive ion channels, to discriminate between a multitude of stimuli Here we describe how engineered membrane pores can be used to make rapid and sensitive biosensors with potential applications that range from the detection of biological warfare agents to pharmaceutical screening Notably, use of the engineered pores in stochastic sensing, a single-molecule detection technology, reveals the identity of an analyte as well as its concentration
1,076 citations
TL;DR: Four approaches for making micro- and nanotubes are discussed, and the current status of efforts to develop biomedical and biotechnological applications of these tubular structures are reviewed.
Abstract: Nanoparticles are being developed for a host of biomedical and biotechnological applications, including drug delivery, enzyme immobilization and DNA transfection. Spherical nanoparticles are typically used for such applications, which reflects the fact that spheres are easier to make than other shapes. Micro- and nanotubes--structures that resemble tiny drinking straws--are alternatives that might offer advantages over spherical nanoparticles for some applications. This article discusses four approaches for making micro- and nanotubes, and reviews the current status of efforts to develop biomedical and biotechnological applications of these tubular structures.
783 citations
TL;DR: Past and current studies related to nucleic acid biophysics are surveyed, and will hopefully provoke a discussion of immediate and future prospects for the field.
568 citations
TL;DR: The underlying principles of impedance analysis of particles are described and the state-of-the-art in the field of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry is described.
Abstract: Lab on chip technologies are being developed for multiplexed single cell assays. Impedance offers a simple non-invasive method for counting, identifying and monitoring cellular function. A number of different microfluidic devices for single cell impedance have been developed. These have potential applications ranging from simple cell counting and label-free identification of different cell types or detecting changes in cell morphology after invasion by parasites. Devices have also been developed that trap single cells and continuously record impedance data. This technology has applications in basic research, diagnostics or non-invasively probing cell function at the single-cell level. This review will describe the underlying principles of impedance analysis of particles. It then describes the state of the art in the field of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry. Finally future directions and challenges are discussed.
511 citations
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