Respiratory health and disease in Europe: the new European Lung White Book
TL;DR: The European Lung White Book – a major new overview of respiratory health in Europe http://ow.ly/n7kRq and the importance of routine check-up and follow-up care is highlighted.
Abstract: The European Lung White Book – a major new overview of respiratory health in Europe http://ow.ly/n7kRqhttp://ow.ly/n7kVX
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: Asthma is one of the main causes of hospitalization which are particularly common in children aged < 5 years with a prevalence that has been increased during the last two decades, mostly in LMICs.
Abstract: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children, imposing a consistent burden on health system. In recent years, prevalence of asthma symptoms became globally increased in children and adolescents, particularly in Low-Middle Income Countries (LMICs). Host (genetics, atopy) and environmental factors (microbial exposure, exposure to passive smoking and air pollution), seemed to contribute to this trend. The increased prevalence observed in metropolitan areas with respect to rural ones and, overall, in industrialized countries, highlighted the role of air pollution in asthma inception. Asthma accounts for 1.1% of the overall global estimate of "Disability-adjusted life years" (DALYs)/100,000 for all causes. Mortality in children is low and it decreased across Europe over recent years. Children from LMICs particularly suffer a disproportionately higher burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Global asthma-related costs are high and are usually are classified into direct, indirect and intangible costs. Direct costs account for 50-80% of the total costs. Asthma is one of the main causes of hospitalization which are particularly common in children aged < 5 years with a prevalence that has been increased during the last two decades, mostly in LMICs. Indirect costs are usually higher than in older patients, including both school and work-related losses. Intangible costs are unquantifiable, since they are related to impairment of quality of life, limitation of physical activities and study performance. The implementation of strategies aimed at early detect asthma thus providing access to the proper treatment has been shown to effectively reduce the burden of the disease.
238 citations
TL;DR: One-third of asthma patients in Sweden were SABA overusers (three or more canisters per year), of whom 28% had no collection of anti-inflammatory drugs, and monitoring of SABA usage should be key in improving asthma management.
Abstract: Background: Overuse of short-acting beta(2)-agonists (SABA) may indicate poor asthma control and adverse health outcomes. Contemporary population-based data on use, risk factors and impact of SABA ...
227 citations
TL;DR: The rationale, the approach and the expected impact of a Human Lung Cell Atlas, which aims to characterize all cells in the healthy human body, are presented.
Abstract: Lung disease accounts for every sixth death globally. Profiling the molecular state of all lung cell types in health and disease is currently revolutionizing the identification of disease mechanisms and will aid the design of novel diagnostic and personalized therapeutic regimens. Recent progress in high-throughput techniques for single-cell genomic and transcriptomic analyses has opened up new possibilities to study individual cells within a tissue, classify these into cell types, and characterize variations in their molecular profiles as a function of genetics, environment, cell-cell interactions, developmental processes, aging, or disease. Integration of these cell state definitions with spatial information allows the in-depth molecular description of cellular neighborhoods and tissue microenvironments, including the tissue resident structural and immune cells, the tissue matrix, and the microbiome. The Human Cell Atlas consortium aims to characterize all cells in the healthy human body and has prioritized lung tissue as one of the flagship projects. Here, we present the rationale, the approach, and the expected impact of a Human Lung Cell Atlas.
161 citations
Cites background from "Respiratory health and disease in E..."
...American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 61(1), 31-41....
[...]
...Rationale for a Human Lung Cell Atlas Lung disease is a leading cause of mortality in the US and worldwide, with more than 7 million deaths attributed to lung disease annually (1)....
[...]
TL;DR: Assessment of the factors responsible for regional variations in mortality and DALYs and the unequal distribution of improvements during the 27 years showed negative correlations between the Socio-demographic index and the mortality rates of COPD, pneumoconiosis, and asthma.
Abstract: Objective To describe the temporal and spatial trends of mortality and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to chronic respiratory diseases, by age and sex, across the world during 1990-2017 using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Design Systematic analysis. Data source The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017. Methods Mortality and DALYs from chronic respiratory diseases were estimated from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 using DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. The estimated annual percentage change of the age standardised mortality rate was calculated using a generalised linear model with a Gaussian distribution. Mortality and DALYs were stratified according to the Socio-demographic index. The strength and direction of the association between the Socio-demographic index and mortality rate were measured using the Spearman rank order correlation. Risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases were analysed from exposure data. Results Between 1990 and 2017, the total number of deaths due to chronic respiratorydiseases increased by 18.0%, from 3.32 (95% uncertainty interval 3.01 to 3.43) million in 1990 to 3.91 (3.79 to 4.04) million in 2017. The age standardised mortality rate of chronic respiratory diseases decreased by an average of 2.41% (2.28% to 2.55%) annually. During the 27 years, the annual decline in mortality rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 2.36%, uncertainty interval 2.21% to 2.50%) and pneumoconiosis (2.56%, 2.44% to 2.68%) has been slow, whereas the mortality rate for interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis (0.97%, 0.92% to 1.03%) has increased. Reductions in DALYs for asthma and pneumoconiosis have been seen, but DALYs due to COPD, and interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased. Mortality and the annual change in mortality rate due to chronic respiratory diseases varied considerably across 195 countries. Assessment of the factors responsible for regional variations in mortality and DALYs and the unequal distribution of improvements during the 27 years showed negative correlations between the Socio-demographic index and the mortality rates of COPD, pneumoconiosis, and asthma. Regions with a low Socio-demographic index had the highest mortality and DALYs. Smoking remained the major risk factor for mortality due to COPD and asthma. Pollution from particulate matter was the major contributor to deaths from COPD in regions with a low Socio-demographic index. Since 2013, a high body mass index has become the principal risk factor for asthma. Conclusions Regions with a low Socio-demographic index had the greatest burden of disease. The estimated contribution of risk factors (such as smoking, environmental pollution, and a high body mass index) to mortality and DALYs supports the need for urgent efforts to reduce exposure to them.
159 citations
18 Nov 2017
TL;DR: The first scientific challenge was organized with the main goal of developing algorithms able to characterize respiratory sound recordings derived from clinical and non-clinical environments, and it includes 920 recordings acquired from 126 subjects.
Abstract: The automatic analysis of respiratory sounds has been a field of great research interest during the last decades. Automated classification of respiratory sounds has the potential to detect abnormalities in the early stages of a respiratory dysfunction and thus enhance the effectiveness of decision making. However, the existence of a publically available large database, in which new algorithms can be implemented, evaluated, and compared, is still lacking and is vital for further developments in the field. In the context of the International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (ICBHI), the first scientific challenge was organized with the main goal of developing algorithms able to characterize respiratory sound recordings derived from clinical and non-clinical environments. The database was created by two research teams in Portugal and in Greece, and it includes 920 recordings acquired from 126 subjects. A total of 6898 respiration cycles were recorded. The cycles were annotated by respiratory experts as including crackles, wheezes, a combination of them, or no adventitious respiratory sounds. The recordings were collected using heterogeneous equipment and their duration ranged from 10 to 90 s. The chest locations from which the recordings were acquired was also provided. Noise levels in some respiration cycles were high, which simulated real life conditions and made the classification process more challenging.
154 citations
Cites background from "Respiratory health and disease in E..."
...Respiratory diseases cause an immense health, economic and social burden and are the third leading cause of death worldwide [1] and a significant burden for public health systems [2]....
[...]
References
More filters
Utrecht University1, Loyola University Medical Center2, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill3, University of Bonn4, Autonomous University of Madrid5, Erasmus University Rotterdam6, Health Protection Agency7, Leiden University Medical Center8, University of Iowa9, University of Hong Kong10, Ain Shams University11, University of Giessen12
TL;DR: During the summer of 2012, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a hitherto unknown coronavirus was isolated from the sputum of a patient with acute pneumonia and renal failure and was provisionally called human coronav virus Erasmus Medical Center (EMC).
Abstract: During the summer of 2012, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, a hitherto unknown coronavirus (CoV) was isolated from the sputum of a patient with acute pneumonia and renal failure ([1][1], [2][2]). The isolate was provisionally called human coronavirus Erasmus Medical Center (EMC) ([3][3]). Shortly thereafter
1,054 citations
TL;DR: Important health challenges remain in both western and eastern Europe and signify unresolved issues in health policy (eg, alcohol, food) and rising health inequalities within countries.
174 citations
01 Jan 2003
95 citations
01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: The Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS) is comprised of the leading international respiratory societies in the world and outlines practical approaches to combat threats to respiratory health, and proven strategies to improve significantly the care the authors provide for individuals around the world afflicted with respiratory diseases.
Abstract: Foreword When we are healthy we take our breathing for granted, never fully appreciating that our lungs are essential organs for life. But when our lung health is impaired, nothing else but our breathing really matters. That is the painful reality for those suffering from lung disease, which affects people of all ages in every corner of the world. Lung diseases kill millions and causes suffering to millions more. Threats to our lung health are everywhere, and they start at an early age, when we are most vulnerable. Fortunately, many of these threats are avoidable and their consequences treatable. By acting now, we can save lives and prevent suffering worldwide. The Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS) is comprised of the leading international respiratory societies in the world. The goal of FIRS is to unify and enhance efforts to improve lung health throughout the world. The purpose of this document is to inform, raise awareness, and assist those who advocate for protecting and improving respiratory health. It tells of the magnitude of respiratory diseases and the threats to lung health across the globe. It is not a comprehensive textbook, but a guide emphasizing the diseases of greatest and immediate concern. It outlines practical approaches to combat threats to respiratory health, and proven strategies to improve significantly the care we provide for individuals around the world afflicted with respiratory diseases. It calls for improvements in healthcare policies, systems, and care delivery, as well as provides direction for research. In brief, it outlines ways to make a positive difference in the respiratory health of the world. We would like to thank everyone involved in the development of this work, especially Don Enarson and his colleagues who comprised the Writing Committee. We would also like to express our sincere appreciation to Dean Schraufnagel for his careful and expert review. We intend to update this document regularly, and are seeking feedback and suggestions for ways to improve it. On behalf of those suffering from respiratory disease and those who are at risk of respiratory disease in the future, from around the world, we ask for your help in making a difference and a positive impact on the respiratory health of the world. Darcy Marciniuk MD, FIRS Chair American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Tom Ferkol MD American Thoracic Society (ATS) Arth Nana MD Asian Pacific Society of Respirology (APSR) Maria Montes de Oca MDAsociación Latinoamericana de Tórax (ALAT) Klaus Rabe MD European Respiratory Society (ERS) Nils Billo MD International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) Heather Zar MD Pan African Thoracic Society (PATS)
41 citations
31 citations