Review of biomass pyrolysis oil properties and upgrading research
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...The energy crisis and fuel tension made biomass fast pyrolysis liquefaction a more important area of research and development [1–3]....
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...There are many substances that can be extracted from bio-oil, such as phenols used in the resins industry, volatile organic acids in formation of de-icers, levoglucosan, hydroxyacetaldehyde and some additives applied in the pharmaceutical, fiber synthesizing or fertilizing industry and flavoring agents in food products [1,38]....
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...Fast pyrolysis, an effective biomass conversion with high liquid yield, as much as 70–80% and a high ratio of fuel to feed, is regarded as one of the reasonable and promising technologies to compete with and eventually replace non-renewable fossil fuel resources [5]....
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...Oxygen The oxygen content of bio-oils is usually 35–40% [6,8], distributed in more than 300 compounds depending on the resource of biomass and severity of the pyrolytic processes (temperature, residence time and heating rate)....
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...Typical properties of wood pyrolysis bio-oil and of heavy fuel oil [6]...
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