Journal Article•
Review of Parallelization Analysis of the PEEC-Based Solver
TL;DR: The proposed reluctance-based PEEC method enables a sparse formulation of element matrices and therefore supports the application of iterative solution methods and high demands for simulation accuracy can be met.
Abstract: A precise analysis of the physical properties and laws of the underlying electrodynamic problem has been carried out to confirm the suitability and applicability of hierarchical approaches for circuit simulation. Together with the proposed simulation instructions and guidelines conventional PEEC techniques can be improved considerably. By means of a PEEC formulation in curvilinear coordinates, high flexibility and compatibility to orthogonal discretizations can be achieved. Therequired number of cells can be reduced significantly by applying non-orthogonal discretization. Therefore, this approach enables a kind of model order reduction. In combination with highly-sophisticated quadrature rules for an efficient numerical integration and regarding the proposed validity aspects concerning mesh generation, high demands for simulation accuracy can be met. The proposed reluctance-based PEEC method enables a sparse formulation of element matrices and therefore supports the application of iterative solution methods.
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TL;DR: The authors end the chapter with a discussion of how to integrate theories of self-regulation and expectancy-value models of motivation and suggest new directions for future research.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract This chapter reviews the recent research on motivation, beliefs, values, and goals, focusing on developmental and educational psychology. The authors divide the chapter into four major sections: theories focused on expectancies for success (self-efficacy theory and control theory), theories focused on task value (theories focused on intrinsic motivation, self-determination, flow, interest, and goals), theories that integrate expectancies and values (attribution theory, the expectancy-value models of Eccles et al., Feather, and Heckhausen, and self-worth theory), and theories integrating motivation and cognition (social cognitive theories of self-regulation and motivation, the work by Winne & Marx, Borkowski et al., Pintrich et al., and theories of motivation and volition). The authors end the chapter with a discussion of how to integrate theories of self-regulation and expectancy-value models of motivation and suggest new directions for future research.
5,444 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: In this article, a modified nodal analysis (MNA) method is proposed, which retains the simplicity and other advantages of nodal Analysis while removing its limitations, and a simple and effective pivoting scheme is also given.
Abstract: The nodal method has been widely used for formulating circuit equations in computer-aided network analysis and design programs. However, several limitations exist in this method including the inability to process voltage sources and current-dependent circuit elements in a simple and efficient manner. A modified nodal analysis (MNA) method is proposed here which retains the simplicity and other advantages of nodal analysis while removing its limitations. A simple and effective pivoting scheme is also given. Numerical examples are used to compare the MNA method with the tableau method. Favorable results are observed for the MNA method in terms of the dimension, number of nonzeros, and fill-ins for comparable circuit matrices.
1,337 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for calculating multiloop inductances formed by complicated interconnection conductors is described, where the conductor loops are divided into segments for which so-called partial inductances are calculated.
Abstract: This paper describes a method for calculating multiloop inductances formed by complicated interconnection conductors. Knowledge of these inductances leads to useful information concerning the design of such systems. In the approach pursued here, the conductor loops are divided into segments for which so-called partial inductances are calculated. The partial inductancens are then appropriately added to yield the desired loop inductance.
919 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: In this paper, an integral-equation (IE) computer-solution technique is presented to calculate capacitances for three-dimensional conductors located on parallel planes, which minimizes computer storage requirements while maintaining calculating efficiency computation times.
Abstract: The design and packaging of integrated circuits requires the calculation of capacitances for three-dimensional conductors located on parallel planes. An integral-equation (IE) computer-solution technique is presented, which provides accurate results. The solution technique minimizes computer storage requirements while maintaining calculating efficiency computation times.
377 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extended the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) approach to include arbitrary homogeneous dielectric regions, and applied the new circuit models in the frequency as well as the time domain.
Abstract: The partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) approach has proved useful for modeling many different electromagnetic problems. The technique can be viewed as an approach for the electrical circuit modeling for arbitrary 3-D geometries. Recently, the authors extended the method to include retardation with the rPEEC models. So far the dielectrics have been taken into account only in an approximate way. In this work, they generalize the technique to include arbitrary homogeneous dielectric regions. The new circuit models are applied in the frequency as well as the time domain. The time solution allows the modeling of VLSI systems which involve interconnects as well as nonlinear transistor circuits. >
289 citations