Figure 27.3: Comparison of observational estimates of matter clustering (red points) to the amplitude predicted for a variety of dark energy models constrained by CMB+BAO+SN data (black points) at z ≈ 0 (left), z = 0.57 (middle), and z = 2.5 (right), taken from Ref. [28]. Black points with error bars correspond to the 68% confidence range of predictions for the model indicated on the left axis. (Models beginning “o” allow non-zero curvature, while other models assume a flat universe.) Fractional errors for the red points are taken from the observational references given in Ref. [28], and the vertical placement of these points is arbitrary. The observational estimates of σ8Ω 0.4 m in the left panel come from a variety of weak lensing and cluster studies; the estimates of σ8(z)f(z) in the middle panel come from RSD analyses of the BOSS CMASS galaxy sample; and the estimate of σ8(z = 2.5) comes from the 1-dimensional power spectrum of the BOSS Lyman-α forest.
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