Review on Areca Nut Fiber and its Implementation in Sustainable Products Development
TL;DR: In this paper, areca nut, one of the fiber-rich plants is wasted in large-scale areca plantations, and it can play a vital role in composite and textile industries due to its renewable, biodegradable and eco-friendly properties.
Abstract: Natural fibers can play a vital role in composite and textile industries due to its renewable, biodegradable, and eco-friendly properties. Areca nut, one of the fiber-rich plants is wasted in large...
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TL;DR: This paper assesses the aspects related to sustainability of polymer composites, focusing on the two main components of a composite, the matrix and the reinforcement/filler, finding enhanced environmental behavior for natural fiber composites when compared to synthetic ones, also showing the potential benefits of using recycled carbon or glass fibers.
Abstract: This paper assesses the aspects related to sustainability of polymer composites, focusing on the two main components of a composite, the matrix and the reinforcement/filler. Most studies analyzed deals with the assessment of the composite performance, but not much attention has been paid to the life cycle assessment (LCA), biodegradation or recyclability of these materials, even in those papers containing the terms “sustainable” (or its derivate words), “green” or “eco”. Many papers claim about the sustainable or renewable character of natural fiber composites, although, again, analysis about recyclability, biodegradation or carbon footprint determination of these materials have not been studied in detail. More studies focusing on the assessment of these composites are needed in order to clarify their potential environmental benefits when compared to other types of composites, which include compounds not obtained from biological resources. LCA methodology has only been applied to some case studies, finding enhanced environmental behavior for natural fiber composites when compared to synthetic ones, also showing the potential benefits of using recycled carbon or glass fibers. Biodegradable composites are considered of lesser interest to recyclable ones, as they allow for a higher profitability of the resources. Finally, it is interesting to highlight the enormous potential of waste as raw material for composite production, both for the matrix and the filler/reinforcement; these have two main benefits: no resources are used for their growth (in the case of biological materials), and fewer residues need to be disposed.
12 citations
Cites background from "Review on Areca Nut Fiber and its I..."
...Areca nut [42], banana crop residues [61], grains from distillery [62], sugarcane bagasse [63], sunflower husk wastes [64], pineapple leaves [65] or woof flour [66] have been proposed in the literature as a way to obtain sustainable composites from agro-industrial wastes, to just cite a few examples....
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TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of alkali-treated BNF on the water stability performance of asphalt mixtures was investigated by response surface methodology (RSM), and the results showed that under the AC13 gradation, the optimal solutions of multi response variables are fiber content of 0.2561, fiber shear time of 12.78 min and asphalt aggregate ratio of 5.82%.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a plastome profiling approach is used for tracing the spread of matrilineages, and in combination with nuclear genomic data, can resolve the history of the betel nut.
TL;DR: In this paper , a complete information, starting from fiber extraction, retting, production of blended yarns & fabrics, coloration and products development along with cost analysis is presented.
Abstract: ABSTRACT Nettle plants are grown naturally as forest weeds in Himalayan region without much explored economic value. The plant remains under-explored as far as extraction of fiber for textile and other industrial applications are concerned. Present study highlights a complete information, starting from fiber extraction, retting, production of blended yarns & fabrics, coloration and products development along with cost analysis. Himalayan nettle plant was considered for fiber extraction through microbial retting, yielded 1.25% dry fiber. Extracted fiber was characterized in details for physical, mechanical, chemical, thermal and morphological properties. Fiber having fineness of 2.2–2.4 tex, tenacity of 10–16 cN/tex, and elongation of 3% was blended with viscose fiber in 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75 ratios to produce blended yarns. Those yarns and bleached & dyed yarns were utilized as weft to produce fabric in handloom, keeping cotton yarn as warp. Yarns and fabrics properties were also evaluated in detail. Apparel textile products, like female fashion wear (cost $ 13) and “shawl” (cost $ 39), were produced. The developed products are not only be fashionable apparel but also be fully biodegradable. Research findings advocate that nettle plant may be considered as an untapped potential source for fiber extraction and application in apparel textile.
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Abstract: Recently, there has been a rapid growth in research and innovation in the natural fibre composite (NFC) area. Interest is warranted due to the advantages of these materials compared to others, such as synthetic fibre composites, including low environmental impact and low cost and support their potential across a wide range of applications. Much effort has gone into increasing their mechanical performance to extend the capabilities and applications of this group of materials. This review aims to provide an overview of the factors that affect the mechanical performance of NFCs and details achievements made with them.
2,182 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the most appropriate and widely used natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) and their applications is presented in this paper. But, the results of the review are limited due to the high water absorption, inferior fire resistance, and lower mechanical properties of NFPCs.
Abstract: Natural fibers are getting attention from researchers and academician to utilize in polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. The aim of this review article is to provide a comprehensive review of the foremost appropriate as well as widely used natural fiber reinforced polymer composites (NFPCs) and their applications. In addition, it presents summary of various surface treatments applied to natural fibers and their effect on NFPCs properties. The properties of NFPCs vary with fiber type and fiber source as well as fiber structure. The effects of various chemical treatments on the mechanical and thermal properties of natural fibers reinforcements thermosetting and thermoplastics composites were studied. A number of drawbacks of NFPCs like higher water absorption, inferior fire resistance, and lower mechanical properties limited its applications. Impacts of chemical treatment on the water absorption, tribology, viscoelastic behavior, relaxation behavior, energy absorption flames retardancy, and biodegradability properties of NFPCs were also highlighted. The applications of NFPCs in automobile and construction industry and other applications are demonstrated. It concluded that chemical treatment of the natural fiber improved adhesion between the fiber surface and the polymer matrix which ultimately enhanced physicomechanical and thermochemical properties of the NFPCs.
1,022 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have reviewed the different sources of natural fibers, their properties, modification of natural fiber, the effect of treatments on natural fibers and their effective use as reinforcement for polymer composite materials.
Abstract: The increase in awareness of the damage caused by synthetic materials on the environment has led to the development of eco-friendly materials. The researchers have shown a lot of interest in developing such materials which can replace the synthetic materials. As a result, there is an increase in demand for commercial use of the natural fiber-based composites in recent years for various industrial sectors. Natural fibers are sustainable materials which are easily available in nature and have advantages like low-cost, lightweight, renewability, biodegradability and high specific properties. The sustainability of the natural fiber-based composite materials has led to upsurge its applications in various manufacturing sectors. In this paper, we have reviewed the different sources of natural fibers, their properties, modification of natural fibers, the effect of treatments on natural fibers, etc. We also summarize the major applications of natural fibers and their effective use as reinforcement for polymer composite materials.
441 citations
TL;DR: The isolation of cellulose nanofibres from arecanut husk was achieved by a chemo-mechanical method thereby opening up a means for utilizing a waste product more effectively.
272 citations
TL;DR: This study attempts to review the most commercially important natural fibres and their automotive application and also looks at the properties, chemical composition and cost of somenatural fibres being used in industry.
Abstract: In recent years, the amount of research on natural fibres and natural-fibre-based products has increased substantially. The reason for this increase is due to a greater awareness of the environment and the ever depleting trend of petroleum supplies. Natural fibre composites and in general, natural fibres have a big role to play towards a sustainable environmentally friendly future. The automotive industry is taking big steps toward a more eco-friendly product chain by implementing natural fibres as a base for making various components, such as seat backs, door panels, spare tyre and boot linings. The world production of natural fibres is increasing since the product base is increasing. Each year, more synthetic fibres and high energy consuming products are being replaced by natural-fibre-based products. The reason for this trend is not only due to an increased environmental awareness but also because natural fibres have excellent properties, such as light weight, and they have relatively low costs. This s...
150 citations