Review on: The Effect of Mixing Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Productivity and Soil Fertility
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated nutrient management system is proposed for the sustainable and cost-effective management of soil fertility by combined apply of inorganic with organic materials resulting in rising soil fertility and productivity without affecting environment.
Abstract: Depletion of soil fertility is a main problem to sustain agricultural production and productivity in many countries. The use of inorganic or organic fertilizer alone has both positive and negative effects on plant growth, nutrient availa-bility and the soil. Organic fertilizer improves physical and biological activities of soil but they have comparatively low in nutrient content, so larger quantity is required for plant growth. However, inorganic fertilizer is usually immediately and fast containing all necessary nutrients that are directly accessible for plants. But continuous use of inorganic fertilizers alone causes soil organic matter: degradation, soil acidity and environmental pollution. So the integrated nutrient management system is an alternative system for the sustainable and cost-effective management of soil fertility by combined apply of inorganic with organic materials resulting in rising soil fertility and productivity without affecting environment. The objective of the present review is to assess the effect of mixing organic with inorganic fertilizer on soil fertility and productivity. The study revealed that appropriate application of organic with inorganic fertilizers increases the productivity without negative effect on yield quality and improves soil fertility than the values obtained by organic or inorganic fertilizers separately.
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Journal Article•
01 Jan 2005-ASSET:An International Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Science, Environment and Technology (Series A)
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of amending soil with organic (poultry manure) and inorganic fertilizer on yield and chlorophyll content of maize and sorghum was carried out at the Teaching and Research (TR was highest under control plots in both crops.
Abstract: The effects of amending soil with organic (poultry manure) and inorganic fertilizer on yield and chlorophyll content of maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolour (L) Moench) was carried out at the Teaching and Research (TR was highest under control plots in both crops. The implication of CSI% on drought tolerance of maize and sorghum was discussed.
106 citations
TL;DR: Results showed that across the seasons, treatment T6 increased the net photosynthesis rate, total biomass, grain yield, and amylose content by 23%, 90%, 95%, and 10%, respectively, compared with control, which provided a sustainable nutrient management strategy to improve crop yield with high nutrient use efficiency.
Abstract: The current farming system is heavily reliant on chemical fertilizers, which negatively affect soil health, the environment, and crop productivity. Improving crop production on a sustainable basis is a challenging issue in the present agricultural system. To address this issue, we assumed that the combined use of organic manure and inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizers can improve rice grain yield and soil properties without the expense of the environment. This study explores the combined effects of cattle manure (CM), poultry manure (PM), and chemical fertilizer (CF) on soil properties, rice growth, physiology, and grain yield and quality. Six treatments in the following combinations were included: T1—no N fertilizer; T2—100% CF; T3—60% CM + 40% CF; T4—30% CM + 70% CF; T5—60% PM + 40% CF; and T6—30% PM + 70% CF. Results showed that across the seasons, treatment T6 increased the net photosynthesis rate, total biomass, grain yield, and amylose content by 23%, 90%, 95%, and 10%, respectively, compared with control. This increment in net photosynthetic rate and growth was the result of 24%, 14%, 19%, and 20% higher total root length, root surface area, root volume, and root diameter, respectively. Improvements in these attributes further enhanced the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice. No significant difference between T4 and T6 was observed. The correlation analysis also confirmed that root morphological traits were positively correlated with grain yield, N uptake, and biomass accumulation. Similarly, improvement in grain yield and NUE was also associated with improved soil properties, i.e., bulk density, soil porosity, soil organic carbon, and total N under combined organic and inorganic N fertilizers treatment. Conclusively, the integration of 30% N from PM or CM with 70% N from CF (urea) is a promising option not only for higher grain yield and quality of rice but also for improved soil health. This study provides a sustainable nutrient management strategy to improve crop yield with high nutrient use efficiency.
79 citations
TL;DR: The results indicated that the grain yield and system yield were observed to be significantly higher with 75% NPK of STCR + FYM at 5 Mg ha1 treatment and recorded an increase of 20.9% and 13.08% in mean grain yield of maize and chickpea, respectively over GRD.
42 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the integrated nutrients management (INM) practices are recommended in exhaustive cereal-based system to decrease soil degradation due to nutrients losses and increase soil and crop productivity.
Abstract: The world population is increasing to the 7 billion marks and until the mid-2030s, the planet can expect to shoulder annual additions of 50–70 million more peoples leading to an issue of poverty, food security and access to fertile and healthy soils. Crop productivity, soil fertility and health are continuously declining due to removal of essential plant nutrients from the soils under cereals-based system in the current changing climate scenario. Cereals (wheat, maize, rice etc.) crops provide humankind with more nourishment than any other food class and nearly half of the total caloric requirement globally. As cereals are exhaustive (decline soil fertility) crops and therefore their continuous growth without balanced nutrients management decline crop productivity, soil fertility and soil health. Sustainable soil management (SSM) practices not only increase crop productivity but also improve soil fertility, health and sustainability. Widespread adoption of SSM practices generates multiple socio-economic benefits for both smallholder farmers and large-scale agricultural producers. We concluded from the review that integrated nutrients management (INM) improve soil health for sustained crop productivity in cereal based system. The concept of INM is the combined application of chemical fertilizers [nitrogenous fertilizers (urea, ammonium sulphate etc.), phosphatic fertilizers (Di-ammonium phosphate, single super phosphate etc.), and potash fertilizers (sulphate of potash, muriate of potash etc.) zinc etc.) plus incorporation of different organic matter sources [(1) animal-based sources (poultry manure, cattle manure, sheep manure, goat manure etc.) and (2) plant-based sources e.g. vegetables residues (onion, garlic etc.), cereals residues (wheat, maize, rice etc.), legumes/pulses residues (chickpea, faba bean, mungbean, cowpea etc.) and tree residues (peach, pepper mulberry etc.)] into the soil along with application of biofertilizers (beneficial microbes) improve soil fertility and health, crop growth and yield, growers income and sustainability. We concluded that INM practices which are one of the best SSM practices are recommended in exhaustive cereal-based system to decrease soil degradation due to nutrients losses and increase soil and crop productivity.
20 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a robust and operational definition of Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM) is developed, based on detailed knowledge of African farming systems, their inherent variability, and optimal use of nutrients.
Abstract: Traditional farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa depend primarily on mining soil nutrients. The African Green Revolution aims at intensifying agriculture through dissemination of Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM). In this paper we develop a robust and operational definition of ISFM, based on detailed knowledge of African farming systems, their inherent variability, and optimal use of nutrients. We define ISFM as: A set of soil fertility management practices that necessarily include the use of fertilizer, organic inputs, and improved germplasm, combined with the knowledge on how to adapt these practices to local conditions, aiming at maximizing agronomic use efficiency of the applied nutrients and improving crop productivity. All inputs need to be managed following sound agronomic principles. The integration of ISFM practices into farming systems is illustrated by dual-purpose grain-legume‐maize rotations in the savannahs and fertilizer micro-dosing in the Sahel. Finally, the dissemination of ISFM practices is discussed.
562 citations
"Review on: The Effect of Mixing Org..." refers background in this paper
...Hence, large-scale agriculture without use inorganic fertilizers it is difficult [11]....
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...Combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers plays a significant role in sustaining soil fertility [9] [10] [11] and the use of organic fertilizers together with inorganic fertilizers, has a higher positive effect on microbial biomass and enhances soil health [10] and improves the use efficiency of recommended inorganic fertilizer and reduces its cost [9] [12]....
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DOI•
01 Jun 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, a balanced fertilization strategy that combines use of chemical, organic and /or bio-fertilizers must to be developed and evaluated, and a sound management of fertilization must attempt to ensure both enhanced and safeguard the environment.
Abstract: Plant nutrients are essential for production of crop and healthy food for the word's expanding population. Plant nutrients are therefore a vital component of sustainable agriculture. Increased crop production largely relics on the type of fertilizers used to supplement essential nutrients for plants. The nature and the characteristics of nutrients release of chemical, organic and biofertilizers are different, and each type of fertilizer has its advantages and disadvantages for crop growth and soil fertility. A sound management of fertilization must attempt to ensure both enhanced and safeguard the environment; therefore, a balanced fertilization strategy that combines use of chemical, organic and /or biofertilizers must to be developed and evaluated.
359 citations
"Review on: The Effect of Mixing Org..." refers background in this paper
...But it affects soil structure which leads to decline of organic matter and environmental pollution [8] [26]....
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...Chemical fertilizer enhances the decomposition of soil organic matter, which leads to degradation of soil structure and decrease in soil aggregation results in nutrients are easily lost from soils through fixation, leaching, gas emission and can lead to diminish fertilizer efficiency [3] [8] [26] [29] [30]....
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...Correct amount applications of inorganic fertilizer can increase soil organic matter through higher levels of root mass and crop residues [8] [24] [26] [28]....
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...They need warmth and moisture to do their job, the effectiveness of organic fertilizer is limited seasonally [8] [26]....
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...Over treatments of chemical fertilizers can destroy decomposers and other soil organisms, reduce the colonization of plant roots with mycorrhizae and inhibit symbiotic N-fixation by rhizobia due to high N-fertilization [8] [12] [26] [31] and also hazardous to the soil environment....
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of environmental and health problems caused by improper fertilization provides recommendation toward solving these problems, which can lead to problems such as the greenhouse effect and air pollution in the air.
354 citations
"Review on: The Effect of Mixing Org..." refers background in this paper
...Chemical fertilizer enhances the decomposition of soil organic matter, which leads to degradation of soil structure and decrease in soil aggregation results in nutrients are easily lost from soils through fixation, leaching, gas emission and can lead to diminish fertilizer efficiency [3] [8] [26] [29] [30]....
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DOI•
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: Gruhn, Goletti, and Yudelman as discussed by the authors called for an integrated nutrient management approach for maintaining and enhancing soil, where both natural and man-made sources of plant nutrients are used.
Abstract: The challenge for agriculture over the coming decades will be to meet the world's increasing demand for food in a sustainable way. Declining soil fertility and mismanagement of plant nutrients have made this task more difficult. In this brief, Peter Gruhn, Francesco Goletti, and Montague Yudelman point out that as long as agriculture remains a soil-based industry, major increases in productivity are unlikely to be attained without ensuring that plants have an adequate and balanced supply of nutrients. They call for an Integrated Nutrient Management approach to the management of plant nutrients for maintaining and enhancing soil, where both natural and man-made sources of plant nutrients are used. The key components of this approach are described; the roles and responsibilities of various actors, including farmers and institutions, are delineated; and recommendations for improving the management of plant nutrients and soil fertility are presented.
319 citations
"Review on: The Effect of Mixing Org..." refers background in this paper
...Over treatments of chemical fertilizers can destroy decomposers and other soil organisms, reduce the colonization of plant roots with mycorrhizae and inhibit symbiotic N-fixation by rhizobia due to high N-fertilization [8] [12] [26] [31] and also hazardous to the soil environment....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarized how cultivation, crop rotation, residue and tillage management, fertilization and monoculture affect soil quality, soil organic matter (SOM) and carbon transformation.
Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the most often reported attribute and is chosen as the most important indicator of soil quality and agricultural sustainability. In this review, we summarized how cultivation, crop rotation, residue and tillage management, fertilization and monoculture affect soil quality, soil organic matter (SOM) and carbon transformation. The results confirm that SOM is not only a source of carbon but also a sink for carbon sequestrati on. Cultivation and tillage can reduce soil SOC content and lead to soil deterioration. Tillage practices have a major effect on distribution of C and N, and the rates of organic matter decomposition and N mineralization. Proper adoption of crop rotation can increase or maintain the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, and improve soil chemical and physical properties. Adequate application of fertilizers combined with farmyard manure could increase soil nutrients, and SOC content. Manure or crop residue alone may not be adequate to maintain SOC levels. Crop types influence SOC and soil function in continuous monoculture systems. SOC can be best preserved by rotation with reduced tillage frequency and with additions of chemical fertilizers and manure. Knowledge and assessment of changes (positive or negative) in SOC status with time is still needed to evaluate the impact of different management practices.
286 citations
"Review on: The Effect of Mixing Org..." refers background in this paper
...Therefore, soil degradation, changes in soil quality that result from wind and water erosion and losses of organic matter are of big concern in every agricultural area in the world [6]....
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