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Journal ArticleDOI

Right frontal lobe activation and right hemisphere performance. Decrement during a depressed mood.

TL;DR: For instance, this paper found that depressed mood is characterized by asymmetrical EEG activation over the frontal lobes, with relatively greater activity in the right frontal region than the left frontal region.
Abstract: • Evidence from psychiatric patients has suggested that depressive affect may coincide with a decrement in the functioning of the right cerebral hemisphere. We have observed that college students who reported greater depression also reported less vivid imagery. Students undergoing experimental induction of depressive and euphoric moods in the laboratory showed an auditory attentional bias and impaired imagery during the depression condition, while their arithmetic task performance was unchanged. A second mood-induction experiment indicated a depressed mood to be characterized by asymmetrical EEG activation over the frontal lobes, with relatively greater activity in the right frontal region. These observations suggest that anterior regions of the brain may modulate the differential effects of emotional arousal on the information-processing capacities of the cerebral hemispheres.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that basic emotion theories no longer explain adequately the vast number of empirical observations from studies in affective neuroscience, and it is suggested that a conceptual shift is needed in the empirical approaches taken to the study of emotion and affective psychopathologies.
Abstract: The circumplex model of affect proposes that all affective states arise from cognitive interpretations of core neural sensations that are the product of two independent neurophysiological systems. This model stands in contrast to theories of basic emotions, which posit that a discrete and independent neural system subserves every emotion. We propose that basic emotion theories no longer explain adequately the vast number of empirical observations from studies in affective neuroscience, and we suggest that a conceptual shift is needed in the empirical approaches taken to the study of emotion and affective psychopathologies. The circumplex model of affect is more consistent with many recent findings from behavioral, cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, and developmental studies of affect. Moreover, the model offers new theoretical and empirical approaches to studying the development of affective disorders as well as the genetic and cognitive underpinnings of affective processing within the central nervous system.

1,910 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala in 2 broad approach-and withdrawal-related emotion systems is discussed in this paper, and implications of data showing experience-induced changes in the hippocampus for understanding psychopathology and stress-related symptoms are discussed.
Abstract: The authors present an overview of the neural bases of emotion. They underscore the role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala in 2 broad approach- and withdrawal-related emotion systems. Components and measures of affective style are identified. Emphasis is given to affective chronometry and a role for the PFC in this process is proposed. Plasticity in the central circuitry of emotion is considered, and implications of data showing experience-induced changes in the hippocampus for understanding psychopathology and stress-related symptoms are discussed. Two key forms of affective plasticity are described--context and regulation. A role for the hippocampus in context-dependent normal and dysfunctional emotional responding is proposed. Finally, implications of these data for understanding the impact on neural circuitry of interventions to promote positive affect and on mechanisms that govern health and disease are considered.

1,297 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the author's recent electrophysiological studies of anterior cerebral asymmetries related to emotion and affective style is presented and a theoretical account is provided of the role of the two hemispheres in emotional processing.

1,241 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that males showed more lateralization of emotional activity, and females showed more brainstem activation in affective paradigms, providing evidence that lateralization in emotional activity is more complex and region-specific than predicted by previous theories of emotion and the brain.

1,118 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article reviews the modern literature on two key aspects of the central circuitry of emotion: the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the amygdala, and places emphasis on affective chronometry, or the time course of emotional responding, as a key attribute of individual differences in propensity for anxiety that is regulated by this circuitry.

1,070 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1972-Cortex
TL;DR: The depressivecatastrophic reactions of the left brain-damaged patients were found chiefly in subjects with severe aphasia, and appeared generally after repeated failures in verbal communication, and seemed due, as Goldstein argued, to the desperate reaction of the organism, confronted with a task that it cannot face.

953 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Feb 1978-Science
TL;DR: Anatomical asymmetries may help to explain the range of human talents, recovery from acquired disorders of language function, certain childhood learning disabilities, some dementing illnesses of middle life, and the evidence for behavioral lateralization in nonhuman primates.
Abstract: Structural asymmetries between the hemispheres are found in the human brain. Asymmetries in the auditory regions and in the Sylvian fissures are present even in the fetus. The Sylvian asymmetries may have existed in Neanderthal man and are found consistently in some apes. They may relate to right-left differences infunction. Thus, the striking auditory asymmetries could underlie language lateralization. The asymmetries in the frontal and occipital lobes and the lateral ventricles are correlated with hand preference. Anatomical asymmetries may help to explain the range of human talents, recovery from acquired disorders of language function, certain childhood learning disabilities, some dementing illnesses of middle life, and the evidence for behavioral lateralization in nonhuman primates.

795 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A controlled investigation comparing a population of 50 temporal lobe epileptics with psychotic episodes with 50 randomly selected temporal lobe epilepsyptics who had never experienced psychotic disturbances showed that these patients had no history of psychotic disturbances.
Abstract: UMMARY A controlled investigation comparing a population of 50 temporal lobe epileptics with psychotic episodes with 50 randomly selected temporal lobe epileptics who had never experienced psychotic disturbances, showed that: 1 temporal lobe epilepsy of the dominant hemisphere predisposes to psychotic manifestations; 2 epilepsy of the non-dominant temporal lobe is associated with manic-depressive, of the dominant temporal lobe with schizophrenic disturbances; 3 the presence of psychomotor seizures and frequent temporal fits are inversely correlated with psychosis, suggesting that such seizures and psychosis are antithetical manifestations of the same underlying disturbance of cerebral function: 4 epileptic psychoses are fundamentally related to the epileptic process rather than non-specific psychoses resulting from structural brain damage; 5 in epileptic psychoses periodicity is correlated with minimal chronicity with maximal brain damage. RESUME Une etude controlee comparant 50 epileptiques presentant une epilepsie du lobe temporal avec episodes psychotiques et 50 epileptiques pris au hasard presentant une epilepsie du lobe temporal mais n'ayant jamais presente de troubles psychotiques, a montre que: 1 l'epilepsie du lobe temporal de l'hemisphere dominant predispose aux manifestations psychotiques. 2 l'epilepsie du lobe temporal de l'hemisphere non dominant s'associe a des troubles maniaco-depressifs, celle du lobe temporal de l'hemisphere dominant a des troubles schizophreniques. 3 La presence de crises psycho-motrices et celle de crises temporales frequentes sont en correlation inverse avec les phenomenes psychotiques suggerant que les crises et les psychoses sont des manifestations antithesiques d'un meme dysfonctionnement cerebral. 4 Les psychoses epileptiques sont fondamentalement liees au processus epileptique alors que les psychoses non specifiques resultent d'une lesion organique cerebrale. 5 Les psychoses epileptiques periodiques sont en relation avec une atteinte cerebrale minime, alors que les psychoses epileptiques chroniques sont en relation avec une atteinte cerebrale severe.

739 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
08 Nov 1969-Nature
TL;DR: Patients whose neocortical commissures have been surgically divided for the control of epilepsy have revealed an organizational differentiation of the hemispheres for perceptual and cognitive functions.
Abstract: WORK carried out during the past few years with patients whose neocortical commissures have been surgically divided for the control of epilepsy has revealed an organizational differentiation of the hemispheres for perceptual and cognitive functions1,2.

575 citations