ROS Are Good.

doi:10.1016/J.TPLANTS.2016.08.002

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ROS Are Good.

Journal Article•DOI•

ROS Are Good.

Ron Mittler¹•Institutions (1)

Florida State University College of Arts and Sciences¹

01 Jan 2017-Trends in Plant Science (Trends Plant Sci)-Vol. 22, Iss: 1, pp 11-19

TL;DR: This Opinion focuses on the possibility that ROS are beneficial to plants, supporting cellular proliferation, physiological function, and viability, and that maintaining a basal level of ROS in cells is essential for life.

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About: This article is published in Trends in Plant Science.The article was published on 2017-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1828 citations till now.

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Journal Article•DOI•

Reactive oxygen species, abiotic stress and stress combination.

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Feroza K. Choudhury¹, Rosa M. Rivero², Eduardo Blumwald³, Ron Mittler¹•Institutions (3)

Florida State University College of Arts and Sciences¹, Spanish National Research Council², University of California, Davis³

01 Jun 2017-Plant Journal

TL;DR: ROS is beneficial to plants during abiotic stress enabling them to adjust their metabolism and mount a proper acclimation response, as long as cells maintain high enough energy reserves to detoxify ROS.

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Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the acclimation process of plants to abiotic stress. They primarily function as signal transduction molecules that regulate different pathways during plant acclimation to stress, but are also toxic byproducts of stress metabolism. Because each subcellular compartment in plants contains its own set of ROS-producing and ROS-scavenging pathways, the steady-state level of ROS, as well as the redox state of each compartment, is different at any given time giving rise to a distinct signature of ROS levels at the different compartments of the cell. Here we review recent studies on the role of ROS in abiotic stress in plants, and propose that different abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat, salinity and high light, result in different ROS signatures that determine the specificity of the acclimation response and help tailor it to the exact stress the plant encounters. We further address the role of ROS in the acclimation of plants to stress combination as well as the role of ROS in mediating rapid systemic signaling during abiotic stress. We conclude that as long as cells maintain high enough energy reserves to detoxify ROS, ROS is beneficial to plants during abiotic stress enabling them to adjust their metabolism and mount a proper acclimation response.

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1,462 citations

Cites background from "ROS Are Good."

...…the activation of acclimation pathways (Figures 1–3; Foyer and Noctor, 2013; Vaahtera et al., 2014; Considine et al., 2015; Dietz, 2015; Mignolet-Spruyt et al., 2016; Mittler, 2016), and the application of ROS was for example shown to prime plant defenses to abiotic stress (Hossain et al., 2015)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Defense in Plants under Abiotic Stress: Revisiting the Crucial Role of a Universal Defense Regulator

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Mirza Hasanuzzaman¹, M. H. M. Borhannuddin Bhuyan², Faisal Zulfiqar³, Ali Raza⁴, Sayed Mohammad Mohsin¹, Sayed Mohammad Mohsin⁵, Jubayer Al Mahmud¹, Masayuki Fujita⁵, Vasileios Fotopoulos⁶ - Show less +5 more•Institutions (6)

Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University¹, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute², University of Agriculture, Faisalabad³, Crops Research Institute⁴, Kagawa University⁵, Cyprus University of Technology⁶

29 Jul 2020-Antioxidants

TL;DR: This review has documented the recent advancement illustrating the harmful effects of ROS, antioxidant defense system involved in ROS detoxification under different abiotic stresses, and molecular cross-talk with other important signal molecules such as reactive nitrogen, sulfur, and carbonyl species.

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Abstract: Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic stress conditions, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperatures, oxygen deprivation, etc., greatly influence plant growth and development, ultimately affecting crop yield and quality, as well as agricultural sustainability in general. Plant cells produce oxygen radicals and their derivatives, so-called reactive oxygen species (ROS), during various processes associated with abiotic stress. Moreover, the generation of ROS is a fundamental process in higher plants and employs to transmit cellular signaling information in response to the changing environmental conditions. One of the most crucial consequences of abiotic stress is the disturbance of the equilibrium between the generation of ROS and antioxidant defense systems triggering the excessive accumulation of ROS and inducing oxidative stress in plants. Notably, the equilibrium between the detoxification and generation of ROS is maintained by both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems under harsh environmental stresses. Although this field of research has attracted massive interest, it largely remains unexplored, and our understanding of ROS signaling remains poorly understood. In this review, we have documented the recent advancement illustrating the harmful effects of ROS, antioxidant defense system involved in ROS detoxification under different abiotic stresses, and molecular cross-talk with other important signal molecules such as reactive nitrogen, sulfur, and carbonyl species. In addition, state-of-the-art molecular approaches of ROS-mediated improvement in plant antioxidant defense during the acclimation process against abiotic stresses have also been discussed.

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1,028 citations

Cites background from "ROS Are Good."

...Several studies showed that ROS are essential for the success of numerous fundamental natural processes, including cellular proliferation and differentiation [11]....
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...Therefore, scientists used the term “redox biology” to refer to ROS as signaling molecules to control and uphold the usual physiological activities of plants [11,64,65]....
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...In the apoplast, NADPH oxidase, class III POX, amine and germin-like oxalate oxidases, quinine reductase, and lipoxygenases (LOX) contribute in ROS generation [11,57]....
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...A basal level of ROS, which is maintained above cytostatic or below cytotoxic concentration is, therefore, indispensable for proper ROS or redox signaling in cells, and this level is maintained by the balance between ROS production and ROS scavenging [4,11]....
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...Maintaining an optimum ROS level in the cell enables proper redox biology reactions and the regulation of numerous processes essential for plants such as growth and development [11]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Mechanisms of ROS Regulation of Plant Development and Stress Responses

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Honglin Huang¹, Farhan Ullah¹, Dao-Xiu Zhou¹, Ming Yi¹, Yu Zhao¹ - Show less +1 more•Institutions (1)

Huazhong Agricultural University¹

25 Jun 2019-Frontiers in Plant Science

TL;DR: Recent progress in understanding the role of ROS during plant vegetative apical meristem development, organogenesis, and abiotic stress responses, and some novel findings in recent years are summarized.

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Abstract: Plants are subjected to various environmental stresses throughout their life cycle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in maintaining normal plant growth, and improving their tolerance to stress. This review describes the production and removal of ROS in plants, summarizes recent progress in understanding the role of ROS during plant vegetative apical meristem development, organogenesis, and abiotic stress responses, and some novel findings in recent years are discussed. More importantly, interplay between ROS and epigenetic modifications in regulating gene expression is specifically discussed. To summarize, plants integrate ROS with genetic, epigenetic, hormones and external signals to promote development and environmental adaptation.

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624 citations

Cites background from "ROS Are Good."

...Under drought conditions, ABA prevents H2O2 accumulation through induction of CAT OsCATB expression and protects cells against ROS oxidative damage (Ye et al., 2011)....
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...Among these, H2O2 is considered an important redox molecule, given its specific physical and chemical properties, including a remarkable stability within cells (half life of 10−3 s), and rapid and reversible oxidation of target proteins (Mittler, 2017; Mhamdi and Van Breusegem, 2018)....
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...The enzymatic systems mainly include SOD, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) (Apel and Hirt, 2004)....
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...Plant growth and stress tolerance regulator 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) induces non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems in cucumber, and increases the content of antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, and GSH, that maintains the homeostasis of ROS in cells, consequently enhancing the resistance of cucumber to OPs (Ahammed et al., 2017)....
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...For instance, expression of CAT2 (Catalase 2) is reduced in the leaves of Arabidopsis upon bolting....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Friend or foe? Reactive oxygen species production, scavenging and signaling in plant response to environmental stresses.

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Weronika Czarnocka¹, Stanislaw Karpinski¹•Institutions (1)

Warsaw University of Life Sciences¹

10 Jan 2018-Free Radical Biology and Medicine

TL;DR: Over the past two decades it has been proven that ROS together with non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ), hormones, Ca2+ waves, and electrical signals are the main players in SAA and SAR, two physiological processes essential for plant survival and productivity in unfavorable conditions.

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377 citations

Cites background from "ROS Are Good."

...The main downstream targets of ROS during oxidative stress are nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids [6]....
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...important messenger compounds in acclimatory processes [4,6,7]....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Reactive oxygen species in plant development

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Amna Mhamdi¹, Frank Van Breusegem¹•Institutions (1)

Ghent University¹

01 Aug 2018-Development

TL;DR: This Primer summarizes the emerging roles of reactive oxygen species and redox-dependent mechanisms in plant growth and development, highlighting interactions with phytohormonal networks.

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Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by metabolic pathways in almost all cells. As signaling components, ROS are best known for their roles in abiotic and biotic stress-related events. However, recent studies have revealed that they are also involved in numerous processes throughout the plant life cycle, from seed development and germination, through to root, shoot and flower development. Here, we provide an overview of ROS production and signaling in the context of plant growth and development, highlighting the key functions of ROS and their interactions with plant phytohormonal networks.

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375 citations

Cites background from "ROS Are Good."

...Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one such example of metabolic products that regulate plant growth and development (Foyer and Noctor, 2009; Mittler, 2017; Noctor et al., 2017)....
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...For example, singlet oxygen ((1)O2) can oxidise lipids, proteins and guanidine residues of DNA; superoxide (O† 2 ), like singlet oxygen, has a half-life time of 1-4 μs and reacts with Fe-S proteins; and hydroxyl (OH) radicals are extremely reactive and unstable with a half-life time of 1 ns (Mittler, 2017; Waszczak et al., 2018)....
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...ROS refer to any oxygen derivative that is more reactive than an oxygen molecule (O2) itself (Foyer and Noctor, 2009; Mittler, 2017)....
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...…can oxidise lipids, proteins and guanidine residues of DNA; superoxide (O† 2 ), like singlet oxygen, has a half-life time of 1-4 µs and reacts with Fe-S proteins; and hydroxyl (OH•) radicals are extremely reactive and unstable with a half-life time of 1 ns (Mittler, 2017; Waszczak et al., 2018)....
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...Together, these systems and the tight control of ROS-associated pathways determine plant plasticity and flexibility under fluctuating conditions and, thus, control plant growth and survival (Mittler, 2017; Waszczak et al., 2018)....
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References

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Journal Article•DOI•

REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Signal Transduction

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Klaus Apel¹, Heribert Hirt²•Institutions (2)

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne¹, University of Vienna²

29 Apr 2004-Annual Review of Plant Biology

TL;DR: The mechanisms of ROS generation and removal in plants during development and under biotic and abiotic stress conditions are described and the possible functions and mechanisms for ROS sensing and signaling in plants are compared with those in animals and yeast.

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Abstract: Several reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced in plants as byproducts of aerobic metabolism. Depending on the nature of the ROS species, some are highly toxic and rapidly detoxified by various cellular enzymatic and nonenzymatic mechanisms. Whereas plants are surfeited with mechanisms to combat increased ROS levels during abiotic stress conditions, in other circumstances plants appear to purposefully generate ROS as signaling molecules to control various processes including pathogen defense, programmed cell death, and stomatal behavior. This review describes the mechanisms of ROS generation and removal in plants during development and under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. New insights into the complexity and roles that ROS play in plants have come from genetic analyses of ROS detoxifying and signaling mutants. Considering recent ROS-induced genome-wide expression analyses, the possible functions and mechanisms for ROS sensing and signaling in plants are compared with those in animals and yeast.

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9,908 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Reactive oxygen gene network of plants

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Ron Mittler¹, Sandy Vanderauwera², Martin Gollery¹, Frank Van Breusegem²•Institutions (2)

University of Nevada, Reno¹, Ghent University²

01 Oct 2004-Trends in Plant Science

TL;DR: In Arabidopsis, a network of at least 152 genes is involved in managing the level of ROS, and this network is highly dynamic and redundant, and encodes ROS-scavenging and ROS-producing proteins.

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4,902 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

ROS Function in Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress

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Michael Schieber¹, Navdeep S. Chandel¹•Institutions (1)

Northwestern University¹

19 May 2014-Current Biology

TL;DR: It is argued that redox biology, rather than oxidative stress, underlies physiological and pathological conditions.

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4,297 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Regulation of cancer cell metabolism

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Rob A. Cairns, Isaac S. Harris, Tak W. Mak

01 Feb 2011-Nature Reviews Cancer

TL;DR: Interest in the topic of tumour metabolism has waxed and waned over the past century, but it has become clear that many of the signalling pathways that are affected by genetic mutations and the tumour microenvironment have a profound effect on core metabolism, making this topic once again one of the most intense areas of research in cancer biology.

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Abstract: Interest in the topic of tumour metabolism has waxed and waned over the past century of cancer research. The early observations of Warburg and his contemporaries established that there are fundamental differences in the central metabolic pathways operating in malignant tissue. However, the initial hypotheses that were based on these observations proved inadequate to explain tumorigenesis, and the oncogene revolution pushed tumour metabolism to the margins of cancer research. In recent years, interest has been renewed as it has become clear that many of the signalling pathways that are affected by genetic mutations and the tumour microenvironment have a profound effect on core metabolism, making this topic once again one of the most intense areas of research in cancer biology.

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4,169 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

Reactive Oxygen Species in Inflammation and Tissue Injury

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Manish Mittal¹, Mohammad Rizwan Siddiqui¹, Khiem Tran¹, Sekhar P. Reddy¹, Asrar B. Malik - Show less +1 more•Institutions (1)

University of Illinois at Chicago¹

01 Mar 2014-Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

TL;DR: The current review compiles the past and current research in the area of inflammation with particular emphasis on oxidative stress-mediated signaling mechanisms that are involved in inflammation and tissue injury.

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Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules that play an important role in the progression of inflammatory disorders. An enhanced ROS generation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) at the site of inflammation causes endothelial dysfunction and tissue injury. The vascular endothelium plays an important role in passage of macromolecules and inflammatory cells from the blood to tissue. Under the inflammatory conditions, oxidative stress produced by PMNs leads to the opening of inter-endothelial junctions and promotes the migration of inflammatory cells across the endothelial barrier. The migrated inflammatory cells not only help in the clearance of pathogens and foreign particles but also lead to tissue injury. The current review compiles the past and current research in the area of inflammation with particular emphasis on oxidative stress-mediated signaling mechanisms that are involved in inflammation and tissue injury.

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2,813 citations