Safety evaluation and risk assessment of electronic cigarettes as tobacco cigarette substitutes: a systematic review
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TLDR
This systematic review appraises existing laboratory and clinical research on the potential risks from electronic cigarette use, compared with the well-established devastating effects of smoking tobacco cigarettes to indicate that electronic cigarettes are by far a less harmful alternative to smoking.Abstract:
Electronic cigarettes are a recent development in tobacco harm reduction. They are marketed as less harmful alternatives to smoking. Awareness and use of these devices has grown exponentially in recent years, with millions of people currently using them. This systematic review appraises existing laboratory and clinical research on the potential risks from electronic cigarette use, compared with the well-established devastating effects of smoking tobacco cigarettes. Currently available evidence indicates that electronic cigarettes are by far a less harmful alternative to smoking and significant health benefits are expected in smokers who switch from tobacco to electronic cigarettes. Research will help make electronic cigarettes more effective as smoking substitutes and will better define and further reduce residual risks from use to as low as possible, by establishing appropriate quality control and standards.read more
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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Emelia J. Benjamin,Michael J. Blaha,Stephanie E. Chiuve,Mary Cushman,Sandeep R Das,Rajat Deo,Sarah D. de Ferranti,James S. Floyd,Myriam Fornage,Cathleen Gillespie,Carmen R. Isasi,Monik C. Jim'nez,Lori Chaffn Jordan,Suzanne E. Judd,Daniel T. Lackland,Judith H. Lichtman,Lynda D. Lisabeth,Simin Liu,Chris T. Longenecker,Rachel H. Mackey,Kunihiro Matsushita,Dariush Mozaffarian,Michael E. Mussolino,Khurram Nasir,Robert W. Neumar,Latha Palaniappan,Dilip K. Pandey,Ravi R. Thiagarajan,Mathew J. Reeves,Matthew D. Ritchey,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Gregory A. Roth,Wayne D. Rosamond,Comilla Sasson,Amytis Towfghi,Connie W. Tsao,Melanie B. Turner,Salim S. Virani,Jenifer H. Voeks,Joshua Z. Willey,John T. Wilkins,Jason H Y Wu,Heather M. Alger,Sally S. Wong,Paul Muntner +44 more
TL;DR: WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, SCM, FAHA Michael J. Reeves, PhD Matthew Ritchey, PT, DPT, OCS, MPH Carlos J. Jiménez, ScD, SM Lori Chaffin Jordan,MD, PhD Suzanne E. Judd, PhD
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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Dariush Mozaffarian,Emelia J. Benjamin,Alan S. Go,Donna K. Arnett,Michael J. Blaha,Mary Cushman,Sandeep R Das,Sarah D. de Ferranti,Jean-Pierre Després,Heather J. Fullerton,Virginia J. Howard,Mark D. Huffman,Carmen R. Isasi,Monik C. Jiménez,Suzanne E. Judd,Brett M. Kissela,Judith H. Lichtman,Lynda D. Lisabeth,Simin Liu,Rachel H. Mackey,David J. Magid,Darren K. McGuire,Emile R. Mohler,Claudia S. Moy,Paul Muntner,Michael E. Mussolino,Khurram Nasir,Robert W. Neumar,Graham Nichol,Latha Palaniappan,Dilip K. Pandey,Mathew J. Reeves,Carlos J. Rodriguez,Wayne D. Rosamond,Paul D. Sorlie,Joel M. Stein,Amytis Towfighi,Tanya N. Turan,Salim S. Virani,Daniel Woo,Robert W. Yeh,Melanie B. Turner +41 more
TL;DR: Author(s): Writing Group Members; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Benjamin, Emelia J; Go, Alan S; Arnett, Donna K; Blaha, Michael J; Cushman, Mary; Das, Sandeep R; de Ferranti, Sarah; Despres, Jean-Pierre; Fullerton, Heather J; Howard, Virginia J; Huffman, Mark D; Isasi, Carmen R; Jimenez, Monik C; Judd, Suzanne
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Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation
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Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation
TL;DR: If patients who smoke are unwilling to quit or cannot succeed using evidence-based approaches, e-cigarettes may be an option to be considered after discussing the limitations of current knowledge.
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Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation and reduction
TL;DR: The main outcome measure was abstinence from smoking after at least six months follow-up, and was the most rigorous definition available (continuous, biochemically validated, longest follow- up).
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