SC3: self-configuring classifier combination for obstructive sleep apnea
TL;DR: A self-configuring classifier combination technique based on genetic algorithms was developed for multiple classifiers and features selection and the system proved its capabilities for clinical diagnosis since the model was developed and validated with both subject and database independence.
Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea is considered to be one of the most prevalent sleep-related disorders that can affect the general population. However, the gold standard for the diagnosis, polysomnography, is an expensive and complicated process that is commonly unavailable to a large group of the population. Alternatively, automatic approaches have been developed to address this issue. One of the goals of this research is to perform the classification of the apnea events with the lowest possible number of sensors. Therefore, the blood oxygen saturation signal was employed in this work since it is correlated with the occurrence of apnea events and it can be measured from a single noninvasive sensor. The events detection was performed by a combination of classifiers. However, choosing the type of classifier to combine and select the most relevant features for each classifier is considered to be a well-known problem in the field of machine learning. A self-configuring classifier combination technique based on genetic algorithms was developed for multiple classifiers and features selection which was tested along with different databases and input sizes. The best performance for obstructive sleep apnea detection was achieved using maximum voting independent feature selection with 1 min time window having the best sensitivity of 82.48% similar database in the literature. This model was later tested on another database for cross-database accuracy. With an average accuracy of 91.33%, the system proved its capabilities for clinical diagnosis since the model was developed and validated with both subject and database independence.
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TL;DR: In this article , a system combines features extracted from the Heart-Rate Variability (HRV) and SpO2, and it explores their potential to characterize desaturating and non-desaturating events.
Abstract: In this paper, we thoroughly analyze the detection of sleep apnea events in the context of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), which is considered a public health problem because of its high prevalence and serious health implications. We especially evaluate patients who do not always show desaturations during apneic episodes (non-desaturating patients). For this purpose, we use a database (HuGCDN2014-OXI) that includes desaturating and non-desaturating patients, and we use the widely used Physionet Apnea Dataset for a meaningful comparison with prior work. Our system combines features extracted from the Heart-Rate Variability (HRV) and SpO2, and it explores their potential to characterize desaturating and non-desaturating events. The HRV-based features include spectral, cepstral, and nonlinear information (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA)). SpO2-based features include temporal (variance) and spectral information. The features feed a Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier. The goal is to evaluate the effect of using these features either individually or in combination, especially in non-desaturating patients. The main results for the detection of apneic events are: (a) Physionet success rate of 96.19%, sensitivity of 95.74% and specificity of 95.25% (Area Under Curve (AUC): 0.99); (b) HuGCDN2014-OXI of 87.32%, 83.81% and 88.55% (AUC: 0.934), respectively. The best results for the global diagnosis of OSA patients (HuGCDN2014-OXI) are: success rate of 95.74%, sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 89.47%. We conclude that combining both features is the most accurate option, especially when there are non-desaturating patterns among the recordings under study.
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TL;DR: The newly inaugurated Research Resource for Complex Physiologic Signals (RRSPS) as mentioned in this paper was created under the auspices of the National Center for Research Resources (NCR Resources).
Abstract: —The newly inaugurated Research Resource for Complex Physiologic Signals, which was created under the auspices of the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of He...
11,407 citations
TL;DR: The prevalence of undiagnosed sleep-disordered breathing is high among men and is much higher than previously suspected among women, and is associated with daytime hypersomnolence.
Abstract: Background Limited data have suggested that sleep-disordered breathing, a condition of repeated episodes of apnea and hypopnea during sleep, is prevalent among adults. Data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, a longitudinal study of the natural history of cardiopulmonary disorders of sleep, were used to estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed sleep-disordered breathing among adults and address its importance to the public health. Methods A random sample of 602 employed men and women 30 to 60 years old were studied by overnight polysomnography to determine the frequency of episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour of sleep (the apnea-hypopnea score). We measured the age- and sex-specific prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in this group using three cutoff points for the apnea-hypopnea score (≥ 5, ≥ 10, and ≥ 15); we used logistic regression to investigate risk factors. Results The estimated prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing, defined as an apnea-hypopnea score of 5 or higher, was 9 percent for w...
9,642 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the maximal statistical dependency criterion based on mutual information (mRMR) was proposed to select good features according to the maximal dependency condition. But the problem of feature selection is not solved by directly implementing mRMR.
Abstract: Feature selection is an important problem for pattern classification systems. We study how to select good features according to the maximal statistical dependency criterion based on mutual information. Because of the difficulty in directly implementing the maximal dependency condition, we first derive an equivalent form, called minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance criterion (mRMR), for first-order incremental feature selection. Then, we present a two-stage feature selection algorithm by combining mRMR and other more sophisticated feature selectors (e.g., wrappers). This allows us to select a compact set of superior features at very low cost. We perform extensive experimental comparison of our algorithm and other methods using three different classifiers (naive Bayes, support vector machine, and linear discriminate analysis) and four different data sets (handwritten digits, arrhythmia, NCI cancer cell lines, and lymphoma tissues). The results confirm that mRMR leads to promising improvement on feature selection and classification accuracy.
8,078 citations
05 Aug 2003
TL;DR: This work derives an equivalent form, called minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance criterion (mRMR), for first-order incremental feature selection, and presents a two-stage feature selection algorithm by combining mRMR and other more sophisticated feature selectors (e.g., wrappers).
7,075 citations
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the development of the Spatial Point Pattern Analysis Code in S–PLUS, which was developed in 1993 by P. J. Diggle and D. C. Griffith.
Abstract: (2005). Combining Pattern Classifiers: Methods and Algorithms. Technometrics: Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 517-518.
3,933 citations
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