Second-derivative Synchronous Fluorometric Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Cinnarizine and Domperidone in Pharmaceutical Preparations. Application to Biological Fluids
TL;DR: The high sensitivity attained by the synchronous fluorometric method allowed the determination of cinnarizine in real and spiked human plasma and the results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained with reference methods.
Abstract: A rapid, simple and highly sensitive second derivative synchronous fluorometric method has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of binary mixture of cinnarizine (CN) and domperidone (DOM). The method is based upon measurement of the native fluorescence of these drugs at Δλ = 80 nm in aqueous methanol (50% V/V). The different experimental parameters affecting the native fluorescence of the studied drugs were carefully studied and optimized. The fluorescence-concentration plots were rectilinear over the range of 0.1 to 1.3 μg mL−1 and 0.1–3.0 μg mL−1 for CN and DOM, respectively with lower detection limits of 0.017 and 5.77 × 10−3 μg mL−1 and quantification limits of 0.058 and 0.02 μg mL−1 for CN and DOM. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of the studied compounds in synthetic mixtures and in commercial tablets. The results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained with reference methods. The high sensitivity attained by the synchronous fluorometric method allowed the determination of CN in real and spiked human plasma. The mean % recoveries in case of spiked human plasma (n = 3) were 96.39 ± 1.18 while that in real human plasma (n = 3) was 104.67 ± 4.16.
Citations
More filters
90 citations
TL;DR: The main applications of synchronous spectrofluorimetry are discussed in this paper, which covers the past 15 years of research in this area and throws light on the advantages and limitations of each mode.
Abstract: Part II of this article reviews the main applications of the different modes of synchronous spectrofluorimetry {i.e. constant-wavelength synchronous luminescence (CWSL), constant-energy synchronous luminescence (CESL) and variable-angle luminescence [variable-angle wavelength (VAW) and variable-angle energy (VAE)]}. It covers the past 15 years of research in this area and throws light on the advantages and the limitations of each mode.
87 citations
TL;DR: Two sensitive, selective, economic, and validated spectrofluorimetric methods were developed and successfully applied for the determination of ebastine in pharmaceutical preparations depending on reaction with its tertiary amino group and were utilized to investigate the kinetics of the degradation of the drug.
Abstract: Two sensitive, selective, economic, and validated spectrofluorimetric methods were developed for the determination of ebastine (EBS) in pharmaceutical preparations depending on reaction with its tertiary amino group. Method I involves condensation of the drug with mixed anhydrides (citric and acetic anhydrides) producing a product with intense fluorescence, which was measured at 496 nm after excitation at 388 nm. Method (IIA) describes quantitative fluorescence quenching of eosin upon addition of the studied drug where the decrease in the fluorescence intensity was directly proportional to the concentration of ebastine; the fluorescence quenching was measured at 553 nm after excitation at 457 nm. This method was extended to (Method IIB) to apply first and second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric method (FDSFS & SDSFS) for the simultaneous analysis of EBS in presence of its alkaline, acidic, and UV degradation products. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of the studied compound in its dosage forms. The results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained by a comparison method. Both methods were utilized to investigate the kinetics of the degradation of the drug.
34 citations
Cites background from "Second-derivative Synchronous Fluor..."
...Recently, derivative synchronous fluorometry (DSF) has been utilized for the determination of different mixtures in their co formulated dosage forms and biological fluids, such as metacycline and oxytetracycline [14], aspirin with caffeine [15] or aspirin with salicylic acid [16], diflunisal and salicylic acid [17], carvedilol and ampicillin [18], oxytetracycline in medicated premixes and feeds [19], cinnarizine with either domperidone or nicergoline [20,21], sulpiride and mebeverine hydrochloride [22] and benzo[a] pyrene in spiked fatty foods [23]....
[...]
TL;DR: In this paper, simple and sensitive synchronous fluorimetric and second derivative fluorometric methods were developed for the validated and simultaneous determination of sulpiride (SLP) and its alkaline degradation product (DSLP).
31 citations
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: In this article, a new high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer densitometry (TLC) methods are developed for quantification of cinnarizine in dosage forms in the presence of its photo-degradation products and related substances and in the absence of its metabolites in serum.
Abstract: New high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer densitometry (TLC) methods are developed for quantification of cinnarizine in dosage forms in the presence of its photo-degradation products and related substances and in the presence of its metabolites in serum. Mobile phases consisting of benzene-methanol-formic acid (80:17:3) and methanol-acetate buffer of pH 4 (70:30) are satisfactorily used for resolution of cinnarizine from associated substances by TLC and HPLC techniques, respectively. The lower detection limits are 16 and 10 ng microl(-1) of cinnarizine with standard deviations of 1.3 and 1.1% with TLC and HPLC, respectively. The methods are used for assessment of drug purity, stability, bioavailability, bioequivalency and tablet dissolution rate. Four cinnarizine related substances and six drug degradation products are isolated and identified by infrared and mass spectrometry. The results obtained by both techniques are in good agreement and offer the advantages of reproducibility and accuracy.
27 citations
References
More filters
Book•
09 Jul 1993
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a summary of statistical tests for classical analysis, including errors in classical analysis - Statistics of Repeated Measurements and Statistical Tests for Instrumental Analysis.
Abstract: Introduction. Errors in Classical Analysis - Statistics of Repeated Measurements. Significance Tests. Quality Control and Sampling. Errors in Instrumental Analysis. Regression and Correlation. Non-parametric and Robust Methods. Experimental Design. Optimization and Pattern Recognition. Solutions to Exercises. Appendix 1: Summary of Statistical Tests. Appendix 2: Statistical Tests.
3,834 citations
Book•
[...]
01 Jan 1998
TL;DR: This CD-ROM provides the tools to draw structures and then search for them, and presents over 10,000 monographs which detail chemicals, drugs and biologicals, and describe a single substance or small group of related compounds.
Abstract: Presents over 10,000 monographs which detail chemicals, drugs and biologicals, and describe a single substance or small group of related compounds This CD-ROM provides the tools to draw structures and then search for them Users are able to access the data they need quickly with a choice of search options: text search, structure search, and sub-structure search Text searching is possible for every field of the database: chemical, common, generic and brand names; molecular weights and formulae; physical and toxicity data; and citations to the scientific and patent literature New with this release are organic name reactions available as a fully text searchable file, and 100 new monographs detailing the latest new drugs and compounds of recent interest This CD-ROM should be of interest to medicinal chemists, pharmaceutical chemists, biochemists, environmentalists, medical practitioners, natural product chemists, biologists, food scientists, pharmacologists, clinical chemists, organic chemists, inorganic chemists, and information professionals
3,577 citations
Book•
09 Apr 1999
TL;DR: This book provides reliable, unbiased and evaluated information on drugs and medicines used throughout the world, and contains up to date information about more than 5,800 substances.
Abstract: This book provides reliable, unbiased and evaluated information on drugs and medicines used throughout the world. Each new drug licensed for use has its own potential benefits and adverse effects, and its own profile for dosage, administration and indications. Furthermore, manufacturers make regular changes to existing drug names and formulations, which can affect their interactions and safe usage. Health professionals require the correct answers and need to have confidence in the drugs information they use - but with medicines evolving at this rate, how can they be sure their knowledge is up to date? "Martindale" contains up to date information about more than 5,800 substances. Each and every entry is reviewed by our pharmaceutical editors to ensure health professionals have the most current data. Formulations change. Definitions change. Names change. But you can always trust "Martindale".
2,862 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: This manual and reference work provides a source of analytical data for drugs and related substances for scientists faced with the difficult problem of identifying a drug in a pharmaceutical product, in a sample of tissue or body fluid, from a living patient or in post-mortem material.
Abstract: This manual and reference work provides a source of analytical data for drugs and related substances. It is intended for scientists faced with the difficult problem of identifying a drug in a pharmaceutical product, in a sample of tissue or body fluid, from a living patient or in post-mortem material. Volume One contains 32 chapters covering the practice of and analytical procedures used in forensic toxicology. Volume Two contains over 1750 drug and related substance monographs detailing: physical properties; analytical methods; pharmacokinetic data; and toxicity data, as well as expanded indexes and appendices. These volumes should be useful for all forensic and crime laboratories, toxicologists and analytical chemists, pathologists, poison information centres and clinical pharmacology departments.
488 citations
TL;DR: A review of synchronous fluorescence scan (SFS) methods for analysis of multi-component systems can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss the use of SFS in the analysis of complex multichannel mixtures.
Abstract: The ability to analyse complex multi-component mixtures without resorting to tedious separation procedures is extremely useful for routine analysis. Single-wavelength fluorescence measurement is limited in its ability to analyse complicated multi-component samples when they have severely overlapping emission and/or excitation spectra. This can be overcome by using synchronous fluorescence scan (SFS), where overlapping of spectra can be minimized. The selectivity of SFS can still be increased by taking derivative spectrum, applying different multivariate methods, selective fluorescence quenching, three-dimensional synchronous measurement or using some of these procedures in combination. Recent developments in various synchronous fluorescence methods for analysis of multi-component systems are discussed in this review.
277 citations
"Second-derivative Synchronous Fluor..." refers methods in this paper
...Because of its sharp, narrow spectrum, SFS serves as a very simple, effective method of obtaining data for quantitative determination in a single measurement [34]....
[...]