Book•
Second treatise of government
16 Apr 2016-
TL;DR: In this paper, the Kimberly Nixon Case Statement for Social Service Agencies and Transsexual/Transgendered Organisations on Service Delivery to Transsexual and Transvestite Prostitutes is discussed.
Abstract: Introduction Making the Lives of Transsexual People Visible: Addressing the Politics of Social Erasure Sex Change, Social Change: Reflections on Identity and Institutions Transsexuals Behind Bars Beyond Image Content: Examining Transsexuals' Access to the Media Inclusive Pedagogy in the Women's Studies Classroom: Teaching the Kimberly Nixon Case Statement for Social Service Agencies and Transsexual/Transgendered Organisations on Service Delivery to Transsexual and Transvestite Prostitutes Interview with Mirha-Soleil Ross Against Transgender Rights: Understanding the Imperialism of Contemporary Transgender Politics Conclusion.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify seven types of accountability mechanisms and consider their applicability to states, NGOs, multilateral organizations, multinational corporations, and transgovernmental networks, and identify opportunities for improving protections against abuses of power at the global level.
Abstract: Debates about globalization have centered on calls to improve accountability to limit abuses of power in world politics. How should we think about global accountability in the absence of global democracy? Who should hold whom to account and according to what standards? Thinking clearly about these questions requires recognizing a distinction, evident in theories of accountability at the nation-state level, between “participation” and “delegation” models of accountability. The distinction helps to explain why accountability is so problematic at the global level and to clarify alternative possibilities for pragmatic improvements in accountability mechanisms globally. We identify seven types of accountability mechanisms and consider their applicability to states, NGOs, multilateral organizations, multinational corporations, and transgovernmental networks. By disaggregating the problem in this way, we hope to identify opportunities for improving protections against abuses of power at the global level.
1,137 citations
TL;DR: In this article, three models of social capital and the forms of trust and democracy associated with them are considered, and the role of voluntary associations as a foundation for social capital, arguing that their importance may be overstated in the classical Tocquevillean model.
Abstract: Social capital is in danger of going the way of political culture—a potentially powerful concept that is given many different meanings by many different people for many different purposes. This article starts by picking out three different aspects or dimensions of the concept—norms (especially trust), networks, and consequences. It then considers three models of social capital and the forms of trust and democracy associated with them. Finally it discusses the role of voluntary associations as a foundation for social capital, arguing that their importance may be overstated in the classical Tocquevillean model of the 19th century, and that, in any case, modern democracy may be increasingly based on different forms of trust and association.
718 citations
TL;DR: Physical violence, whether realized or implied, is important to the legitimation, foundation, and operation of a Western property regime as discussed by the authors, and certain spatializations play a practical and ideological role at all these moments.
Abstract: Physical violence, whether realized or implied, is important to the legitimation, foundation, and operation of a Western property regime. Certain spatializations—notably those of the frontier, the survey, and the grid—play a practical and ideological role at all these moments. Both property and space, I argue, are reproduced through various enactments. While those enactments can be symbolic, they must also be acknowledged as practical, material, and corporeal.
570 citations
TL;DR: The study found that a belief in self-ownership was positively associated with organizational ownership - suggesting a collaborative type of ownership situation for both information and expertise and for both internal and external sharing situations.
Abstract: Beliefs of organizational ownership relate to whether information and knowledge created by an individual knowledge worker are believed to be owned by the organization. Beliefs about property rights affect information and knowledge sharing. This study explored factors that help determine an individual's beliefs about the organizational ownership of information and expertise that he or she has created. Four different situations of organizational ownership (information vs. expertise/internal vs. external sharing) were considered. The study found that a belief in self-ownership was positively associated with organizational ownership - suggesting a collaborative type of ownership situation for both information and expertise and for both internal (intraorganizational) and external (interorganizational) sharing situations. Organizational culture and the type of employee also influenced the beliefs of organizational ownership in all four scenarios. We conclude the paper with implications for practice and future research.
507 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2004TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the history, politics, and theory surrounding the rule of law ideal, beginning with classical Greek and Roman ideas, elaborating on medieval contributions to the rule-of-law, and articulating the role played by the role of law in liberal theory and liberal political systems.
Abstract: The rule of law is the most important political ideal today, yet there is much confusion about what it means and how it works. This 2004 book explores the history, politics, and theory surrounding the rule of law ideal, beginning with classical Greek and Roman ideas, elaborating on medieval contributions to the rule of law, and articulating the role played by the rule of law in liberal theory and liberal political systems. The author outlines the concerns of Western conservatives about the decline of the rule of law and suggests reasons why the radical Left have promoted this decline. Two basic theoretical streams of the rule of law are then presented, with an examination of the strengths and weaknesses of each. The book examines the rule of law on a global level, and concludes by answering the question of whether the rule of law is a universal human good.
453 citations
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