Self-consumption and food security: family agriculture based on eating knowledge and practices
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify and analyze eating classifications and representations as well the food production and consumption practices among farmers from Vale do Taquari (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil).
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify and to analyze eating classifications and representations as well the food production and consumption practices among farmers from Vale do Taquari (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) METHODS: The data and information were collected from interviews and participatory observation, oriented by qualitative methods The research involved 48 rural families from three different localities in 2004 and 2005 The theoretical and analytical resources were provided by food anthropology and reciprocity approach RESULTS: The production of food for self-consumption among the studied families is significant and the main producers are women Food practices have changed as a result of agricultural modernization and increased use of industrialized products, yet they maintain local specificity and are related to several expressions of sociability such as food exchanges and community parties These are permeated by symbolisms that update the way of living and assure food security CONCLUSION: The production practices for autoconsumption of the studied families are associated with food security and, in this way, to social reproduction strategies Food exchanges and food choices express relationships of sociability and identity in the studied rural communities Social and cultural aspects and different levels of social relationships are undergoing a transformation which may jeopardize the food security of the families Such processes are inspiring new studies
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TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic literature review was done of the peer-reviewed literature related to climate change and food security, employing the realist review method, finding consistent predictions of decreased crop productivity, land degradation, high market prices, negative impacts on livelihoods, and increased malnutrition.
Abstract: In recent years it has become clear that climate change is an inevitable process. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the expectation is that climate change will have an especially negative impact, not only a result of projected warming and rainfall deficits, but also because of the vulnerability of the population. The impact upon food security will be of great significance, and may be defined as being composed of three components: availability, access, and utilization. To further investigate the link, a systematic literature review was done of the peer-reviewed literature related to climate change and food security, employing the realist review method. Analysis of the literature found consistent predictions of decreased crop productivity, land degradation, high market prices, negative impacts on livelihoods, and increased malnutrition. Adaptation strategies were heavily discussed as a means of mitigating a situation of severe food insecurity across the entire region. This is linked to issues of development, whereby adaptation is essential to counteract the negative impacts and improve the potential of the population to undergo development processes. Findings additionally revealed a gap in the literature about how nutrition will be affected, which is of importance given the links between poor nutrition and lack of productivity.
133 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, an ensaio busca levantar elementos de discussao a respeito de estrategias de politicas publicas for o atendimento das necessidades alimentares especiais no ambiente escolar, a luz da interdisciplinaridade das ciencias da Nutricao e da Bioetica, na perspectiva da seguranca alimentar e nutricional e do direito humano a alimentacao adequada.
Abstract: Este ensaio busca levantar elementos de discussao a respeito de estrategias de politicas publicas para o atendimento das necessidades alimentares especiais no ambiente escolar, a luz da interdisciplinaridade das ciencias da Nutricao e da Bioetica, na perspectiva da seguranca alimentar e nutricional e do direito humano a alimentacao adequada. A reflexao tem a expectativa de motivar o desenvolvimento de linhas e redes de pesquisa interinstitucionais, com a finalidade de contribuir para a producao e implementacao de indicadores de seguranca alimentar e nutricional no âmbito da gestao de politicas publicas, no contexto das necessidades alimentares especiais.
26 citations
TL;DR: A revisao sistematica analisar o impacto do Programa de Aquisicao de Alimentos na diversificacao da producao, autoconsumo e seguranca alimentar e nutricional dos agricultores familiares beneficiarios fornecedores as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Resumo Objetivou-se nesta revisao sistematica analisar o impacto do Programa de Aquisicao de Alimentos na diversificacao da producao, autoconsumo e seguranca alimentar e nutricional dos agricultores familiares beneficiarios fornecedores. Realizou-se consulta nas bases de dados eletronicas Lilacs, SciELO e no portal de periodicos da Capes. As publicacoes foram pre-selecionadas pelos titulos, acompanhada da leitura dos resumos e na integra dos estudos, se excluiu aqueles que avaliavam a execucao do Programa, que se referiam a seguranca alimentar e nutricional dos beneficiarios consumidores, artigos repetidos e de revisao. Dos 193 estudos revisados selecionou-se 7. Observou-se em todos os selecionados impactos positivos do Programa de Aquisicao de Alimentos no aumento da renda familiar, favorecida pela garantia de acesso ao mercado e o escoamento da producao, viabilizando melhorias no sistema de producao e incentivando o cultivo diversificado tanto para comercializacao quanto para autoconsumo da familia, inferindo positivamente na situacao de Seguranca Alimentar e Nutricional dos agricultores.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered Brazil to be a textbook case for nexus research that identifies critical interlinkages that are neglected by literature, which is typically based on single-resource analysis.
Abstract: The resource nexus consists of a framework to address interlinkages between natural resources and systems that provide water, energy, food and waste management. It transcends traditional assessments conducted in “silos”, raising trade-offs and synergies that are rarely acknowledged. The nexus framework is intrinsically context-specific, as each respective region has particularities in terms of critical interlinkages. Brazil is the world's eighth largest economy [1] and is heavily reliant on natural resources. This paper considers Brazil to be a textbook case for nexus research that identifies critical interlinkages that are neglected by literature, which is typically based on single-resource analysis. It proposes a research agenda to advance resource nexus assessments and improve resource governance in Brazil. We propose a novel method for nexus research, systematically reviewing geographical context-specific papers in relevant single nexus dimensions and establishing resource interlinkages that characterise research gaps and policy priorities. We found that 36% of practices reviewed involve more than one resource at a time, characterising interlinkages not analysed by the literature. Lastly, selected quantitative indicators were used to identify critical interlinkages by analysing the representativeness of practices in the national context, and the relevance of synergies or trade-offs for Brazil. Critical interlinkages in Brazil were found to be irrigation for energy crop expansion (water, food and energy); transport biofuels and fuelwood (water, energy, food); deforestation for new pasture (water, energy, food); and hydropower generation (water and energy). These are, therefore, priorities for future nexus research and for efforts to address synergies and trade-offs in resource governance.
18 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define a set of representacoes sociais dos alimentos of pessoas com diabetes mellitus, with the goal of compreender as representacos sociaías of two different types of foods.
Abstract: Resumen pt: Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa com objetivo de compreender as representacoes sociais dos alimentos sob a otica de pessoas com diabetes mellit...
15 citations
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, a texto examina as formas de insercao das mulheres na agricultura familiar, procurando explicar a seletividade de genero do processo migratorio, examina a distribuicao da populacao, por sexo e por grupos de idade, in diversas regioes do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, caracterizando o maior indice de emigracao de mulheres jovens do que dos demais grupos etarios
Abstract: O texto examina as formas de insercao das mulheres na agricultura familiar, procurando explicar a seletividade de genero do processo migratorio. Primeiramente, aborda a distribuicao da populacao, por sexo e por grupos de idade, em diversas regioes do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, caracterizando o maior indice de emigracao de mulheres jovens do que dos demais grupos etarios e de sexo. Depois, trata da divisao do trabalho por sexo e idade, dos efeitos da modernizacao sobre o trabalho agricola, da insercao dos jovens no trabalho da unidade produtiva familiar, das atividades fora da agricultura e dos procedimentos utilizados pelos produtores agricolas para a transmissao da propriedade rural para os filhos. Finalmente, discute o possivel efeito do acesso das mulheres rurais a Previdencia Rural sobre suas perspectivas de permanecer ou nao na atividade agricola.
84 citations
TL;DR: The article is part of a critical trend towards utilitarism, as it has been led, since the eighties, by a group of intellectuals assembled in MAUSS -Anti-Utilitaristic Movement in Social Sciences, whose ideas are publicised in La Revue du MAUSS, published by La Decouverte Press in Paris as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The article is part of a critical trend towards utilitarism, as it has been led, since the eighties, by a group of intellectuals assembled in MAUSS - Anti-Utilitaristic Movement in Social Sciences, whose ideas are publicised in La Revue du MAUSS, published by La Decouverte Press, in Paris. Alain Caille searches to redeem Marcel Mauss's importance to the French sociological school, outlining his contribution to the first systematisation of the gift paradigm, which remains alive in modernity, as shown in many instances by the collaborators of this anti-utilitatistic movement. For Caille, the gift paradigm is the necessary ground for the creation of a paradoxical and pluridimentional theory of action, which would be able to solve the classical dichotomy between holism and individualism. However, as stated by the publisher of La Revue du MAUSS, the imbrications between gift and symbolism in the constitution of the new paradigm remain inaccurate and somewhat mysterious.
79 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a texto examina as formas de insercao das mulheres na agricultura familiar, procurando explicar a seletividade de genero do processo migratorio, examina a distribuicao da populacao, por sexo e por grupos de idade, in diversas regioes do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, caracterizando o maior indice de emigracao de mulheres jovens do que dos demais grupos etarios
Abstract: O texto examina as formas de insercao das mulheres na agricultura familiar, procurando explicar a seletividade de genero do processo migratorio. Primeiramente, aborda a distribuicao da populacao, por sexo e por grupos de idade, em diversas regioes do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, caracterizando o maior indice de emigracao de mulheres jovens do que dos demais grupos etarios e de sexo. Depois, trata da divisao do trabalho por sexo e idade, dos efeitos da modernizacao sobre o trabalho agricola, da insercao dos jovens no trabalho da unidade produtiva familiar, das atividades fora da agricultura e dos procedimentos utilizados pelos produtores agricolas para a transmissao da propriedade rural para os filhos. Finalmente, discute o possivel efeito do acesso das mulheres rurais a Previdencia Rural sobre suas perspectivas de permanecer ou nao na atividade agricola.
78 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a modelo alimentar and uma configuracao particular do espaco social alimentação are presented as an instrumento de estudo dos modelos alimentares, assinalando a conexao bioantropologica de um grupamento humano ao seu meio.
Abstract: Pensar a alimentacao a partir das Ciencias Sociais supoe a superacao de certos obstaculos epistemologicos que baseiam as posicoes teoricas da fundacao dessa disciplina: o positivismo e a autonomia do social. O conceito de espaco social proposto por Georges Condominas para compreender as inter-relacoes entre um grupamento humano e o seu meio encontra na alimentacao um campo de aplicacao particularmente fecundo. Assim, propoe-se o conceito de "espaco social alimentar" como um instrumento de estudo dos modelos alimentares, assinalando a conexao bioantropologica de um grupamento humano ao seu meio. Nele destacam-se seis dimensoes principais que focalizam espacos e sistemas diversos: o comestivel, a producao alimentar, o culinario, os habitos de consumo alimentar, a temporalidade e as diferenciacoes sociais. Um modelo alimentar e uma configuracao particular do espaco social alimentar.
76 citations