Self-Correcting Time Synchronization Support for Wireless Sensor Networks Targeting Applications on Internet of Things
TL;DR: This work presents the design, implementation and test of an adaptive algorithm, making the timing of the clocks converge as quickly as possible and after this convergence, keeping them most similar as possible.
About: This article is published in IFAC-PapersOnLine.The article was published on 2016-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 3 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Key distribution in wireless sensor networks & Clock synchronization.
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TL;DR: This study conducted in-depth analysis and experimental exploration on the human remote mobile medical information collection method based on the Internet of things and intelligent algorithm, and proved that the internet of things technology and intelligent algorithms for medical informationcollection and follow-up medical services are of certain positive significance.
Abstract: In the environment of rapid social and economic development, the reform of medical informatization is constantly advancing, and the residents pay more and more attention to their own health status while improving their living standards. The traditional medical service system has some disadvantages in providing real-time, cross regional, long-term and easy-to-operate health services, which has become increasingly inadequate to meet the health needs of users. In order to solve the problem of difficulty in seeing a doctor caused by limited medical resources, and to carry out real-time health monitoring for a large number of groups suffering from chronic diseases and sub-health groups, this study conducted in-depth analysis and experimental exploration on the human remote mobile medical information collection method based on the Internet of things and intelligent algorithm. It established the information collection section by using KbaC clustering algorithm based on ant colony point system which, combined with a comparative study on the health indicators of related groups, has successfully proved that the Internet of things technology and intelligent algorithm for medical information collection and follow-up medical services are of certain positive significance, based on the Internet of things and other related technologies of human remote medical information collection system that can accurately and timely detect the patient's blood pressure, blood sugar and other health data, and then provide corresponding medical services.
5 citations
01 Dec 2018
TL;DR: An extension of Precision Time Protocol to enable energy-efficient clock synchronization between the nodes within Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to reduce clock convergence time and energy needed by considering out-degree of clocks without sacrificing synchronization accuracy is proposed.
Abstract: In this paper, an extension of Precision Time Protocol (PTP) to enable energy-efficient clock synchronization between the nodes within Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is proposed. PTP is nanosecond accuracy clock synchronization protocol in which nodes are organized in master-slave hierarchy on the basis of clock accuracy by means of Best Master Clock (BMC) algorithm. The algorithm considers clock accuracy to select best clock in the system. A novel modification of IEEE 1588 BMC algorithm for energy-constraint multi-hop WSN has been proposed to reduce clock convergence time and energy needed by considering out-degree of clocks without sacrificing synchronization accuracy. The new algorithm results in energy efficient clock synchronization that makes it most appropriate for low-power multi-hop wireless sensor networks. We present NS-3 simulation data that confirms the effectiveness of work.
2 citations
Cites background from "Self-Correcting Time Synchronizatio..."
...Communication is well known power hungry task and it is mandatory to avoid unnecessary retransmission of packets to achieve efficient energy utilization [2]....
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TL;DR: This work serves to demonstrate the acquisition, keeping and distribution of standard time in a heterogeneous sensor network platform based on the network clock model.
Abstract: —A sensor network consists of sensor nodes that have sensing, computation and wireless communication capabilities. There are various sensor network applications, including disaster relief operations, environmental monitoring and control, precision agriculture, intelligent home and buildings, facility management, machine surveillance and preventive maintenance, medicine and healthcare, logistics, telematics, and others. Many of these applications share some basic functionalities, namely event detection, periodic measurement and tracking, all of which entail collecting and forwarding of event data. For the purposes of triggering an action, it is necessary to know when an event occurs. Certainly time is an essential factor in many sensor network applications. This paper proposes, based on a cast study, a network clock model application to heterogeneous sensor networks. The network clock model is a scheme by which a consistent notion of time can be shared among sensor networks’ devices in order to enable the combination of time and data for applications. This work serves to demonstrate the acquisition, keeping and distribution of standard time in a heterogeneous sensor network platform based on the network clock model.
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TL;DR: This survey is directed to those who want to approach this complex discipline and contribute to its development, and finds that still major issues shall be faced by the research community.
12,539 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental setup has been constructed for simultaneous measurements of the frequency, the absolute Q factor, and the amplitude of oscillation of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM).
Abstract: An experimental setup has been constructed for simultaneous measurements of the frequency, the absolute Q factor, and the amplitude of oscillation of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The technical solution allows operation in vacuum, air, or liquid. The crystal is driven at its resonant frequency by an oscillator that can be intermittently disconnected causing the crystal oscillation amplitude to decay exponentially. From the recorded decay curve the absolute Q factor (calculated from the decay time constant), the frequency of the freely oscillating crystal, and the amplitude of oscillation are obtained. All measurements are fully automated. One electrode of the QCM in our setup was connected to true ground which makes possible simultaneous electrochemistry. The performance is illustrated by experiments in fluids of varying viscosity (gas and liquid) and by proteinadsorptionin situ. We found, in addition to the above results, that the amplitude of oscillation is not always directly proportional to the Q factor, as the commonly used theory states. This puts limitations on the customary use of the amplitude of oscillation as a measure of the Q factor.
1,172 citations
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental setup has been constructed for simultaneous measurements of the frequency, the absolute Q factor, and the amplitude of oscillation of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM).
Abstract: An experimental setup has been constructed for simultaneous measurements of the frequency, the absolute Q factor, and the amplitude of oscillation of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The technical solution allows operation in vacuum, air, or liquid. The crystal is driven at its resonant frequency by an oscillator that can be intermittently disconnected causing the crystal oscillation amplitude to decay exponentially. From the recorded decay curve the absolute Q factor (calculated from the decay time constant), the frequency of the freely oscillating crystal, and the amplitude of oscillation are obtained. AI1 measurements are fully automated. One electrode of the QCM in our setup was connected to true ground which makes possible simultaneous electrochemistry. The performance is illustrated by experiments in fluids of varying viscosity (gas and liquid) and by protein adsorption in situ. We found, in addition to the above results, that the amplitude of oscillation is not always directly proportional to the Q factor, as the commonly used theory states. This puts limitations on the customary use of the amplitude of oscillation as a measure of the Q factor. 8 1995 American Institute of Physics.
1,021 citations
01 May 2005
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey and evaluation of clock synchronization protocols based on a palette of factors such as precision, accuracy, cost, and complexity is presented, which can help developers either in choosing an existing synchronization protocol or in defining a new protocol that is best suited to the specific needs of a sensor network application.
Abstract: Recent advances in micro-electromechanical (MEMS) technology have led to the development of small, low-cost, and low-power sensors Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are large-scale networks of such sensors, dedicated to observing and monitoring various aspects of the physical world In such networks, data from each sensor is agglomerated using data fusion to form a single meaningful result, which makes time synchronization between sensors highly desirable This paper surveys and evaluates existing clock synchronization protocols based on a palette of factors like precision, accuracy, cost, and complexity The design considerations presented here can help developers either in choosing an existing synchronization protocol or in defining a new protocol that is best suited to the specific needs of a sensor-network application Finally, the survey provides a valuable framework by which designers can compare new and existing synchronization protocols
1,018 citations
TL;DR: Depending on the types and number of tolerated faults, this paper presents upper bounds on the achievable synchronization accuracy for external and internal synchronization in a distributed real-time system.
Abstract: The generation of a fault-tolerant global time base with known accuracy of synchronization is one of the important operating system functions in a distributed real-time system. Depending on the types and number of tolerated faults, this paper presents upper bounds on the achievable synchronization accuracy for external and internal synchronization in a distributed real-time system. The concept of continuous versus instantaneous synchronization is introduced in order to generate a uniform common time base for local, global, and external time measurements. In the last section, the functions of a VLSI clock synchronization unit, which improves the synchronization accuracy and reduces the CPU load, are described. With this unit, the CPU overhead and the network traffic for clock synchronization in state-of-the-art distributed real-time systems can be reduced to less than 1 percent.
625 citations