Journal ArticleDOI
Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.
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TLDR
An integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment is presented and findings are reported from microanalyses of enactive, vicarious, and emotive mode of treatment that support the hypothesized relationship between perceived self-efficacy and behavioral changes.Abstract:
The present article presents an integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment. This theory states that psychological procedures, whatever their form, alter the level and strength of self-efficacy. It is hypothesized that expectations of personal efficacy determine whether coping behavior will be initiated, how much effort will be expended, and how long it will be sustained in the face of obstacles and aversive experiences. Persistence in activities that are subjectively threatening but in fact relatively safe produces, through experiences of mastery, further enhancement of self-efficacy and corresponding reductions in defensive behavior. In the proposed model, expectations of personal efficacy are derived from four principal sources of information: performance accomplishments, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological states. The more dependable the experiential sources, the greater are the changes in perceived selfefficacy. A number of factors are identified as influencing the cognitive processing of efficacy information arising from enactive, vicarious, exhortative, and emotive sources. The differential power of diverse therapeutic procedures is analyzed in terms of the postulated cognitive mechanism of operation. Findings are reported from microanalyses of enactive, vicarious, and emotive modes of treatment that support the hypothesized relationship between perceived self-efficacy and behavioral changes. Possible directions for further research are discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Creative Self-Efficacy: Its Potential Antecedents and Relationship to Creative Performance
Pamela Tierney,Steven M. Farmer +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new construct, creative self-efficacy, tapping employees' belief that they can be creative in their work roles, was tested using data from two different firms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Models in information behaviour research
TL;DR: An alternative, problem‐solving model is presented, which, it is suggested, provides a basis for relating the models of information seeking and other aspects of information behaviour in appropriate research strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Statement on Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Linda Nici,Claudio F. Donner,Emiel F.M. Wouters,Richard ZuWallack,Nicolino Ambrosino,Jean Bourbeau,Mauro Carone,Bartolome R. Celli,Mariëlle P.K.J. Engelen,Bonnie Fahy,Chris Garvey,Roger S. Goldstein,Rik Gosselink,Suzanne C. Lareau,Neil R. MacIntyre,François Maltais,Mike Morgan,Denis E. O'Donnell,Christian Prefault,Jane Z. Reardon,Carolyn L. Rochester,Annemie M. W. J. Schols,Sally J Singh,Thierry Troosters +23 more
TL;DR: Linda Nici, Claudio Donner, Emiel Wouters, Richard Zuwallack, Nicolino Ambrosino, Jean Bourbeau, Mauro Carone, Bartolome Celli, Marielle Engelen, Bonnie Fahy, Chris Garvey, Roger Goldstein, Rik Gosselink, Suzanne Lareau, Neil MacIntyre, Francois Maltais, Mike Morgan, Denis O’Donnell, Christian Prefault, Jane Reardon, Carolyn Rochester
Book
The Illusion of Conscious Will
TL;DR: Wegner as mentioned in this paper argues that the feeling of conscious will is created by the mind and brain and that it serves as a guide to understanding ourselves and to developing a sense of responsibility and morality.
Journal ArticleDOI
The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons
TL;DR: The results showed that the Binge Eating Scale successfully discriminated among persons judged by trained interviewers to have either no, moderate or severe binge eating problems, such that severe bingers tended to set up diets which were unrealistically strict while reporting low efficacy expectations to sustain a diet.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of reward or reinforcement on preceding behavior depend in part on whether the person perceives the reward as contingent on his own behavior or independent of it, and individuals may also differ in generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social learning theory
TL;DR: In this article, an exploración de the avances contemporaneos en la teoria del aprendizaje social, con especial enfasis en los importantes roles que cumplen los procesos cognitivos, indirectos, and autoregulatorios.
Journal ArticleDOI
Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence.
TL;DR: Reading motivation reconsidered the concept of competence is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages as a way to develop your experiences about everything.
Book
Motivation Reconsidered: The Concept of Competence
TL;DR: The concept of competence is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages as discussed by the authors, and the advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state.
TL;DR: The problem of which cues, internal or external, permit a person to label and identify his own emotional state has been with us since the days that James (1890) first tendered his doctrine that "the bodily changes follow directly the perception of the exciting fact, and that our feeling of the same changes as they occur is the emotion" (p. 449) as mentioned in this paper.