Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.
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Cites background from "Self-efficacy: toward a unifying th..."
...Humans and other primates have an innate capacity for imitative behavior and vicarious learning (e.g., Bandura, 1977b; Byrne & Russon, 1998)....
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Cites methods from "Self-efficacy: toward a unifying th..."
...To operationalize the concept of control we studied several theories before deciding to base future research on self-efficacy theory ( 40 )....
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3,340 citations
Cites background from "Self-efficacy: toward a unifying th..."
...Before Bandura (1977a) introduced self-efficacy as a key component in social cognitive theory, he discussed human motivation primarily in terms of outcome expectations....
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...Bandura (1977a, 1997) formally defined perceived self-efficacy as personal judgments of one’s capabilities to organize and execute courses of action to attain designated goals, and he sought to assess its level, generality, and strength across activities and contexts....
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References
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"Self-efficacy: toward a unifying th..." refers background in this paper
...In seeking a motivational explanation of exploratory and manipulative behavior, White (1959) postulated an "effectance motive," which is conceptualized as an intrinsic drive for transactions with the environment ....
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