Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.
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526 citations
Cites background from "Self-efficacy: toward a unifying th..."
...High arousal weakens performance while a modest level of arousal raises attention and facilitates the use of skills (Bandura, 1977; Hodges, 2008)....
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...Self-efficacy theory derives from psychology and presents a theoretical framework which accounts for human behavior changes from diverse modes of treatment (Bandura, 1977)....
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...According to Bandura (1977), performance accomplishments, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal are four sources of self-efficacy and can be applied in online learning as well....
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...attention and facilitates the use of skills (Bandura, 1977; Hodges, 2008)....
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...In contrast, low self-efficacy brings about inferior performance, and in turn decreases the sense of self-efficacy for a series of following relevant tasks (Bandura, 1977, 1982; Bandura & Schunk, 1981)....
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525 citations
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524 citations
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"Self-efficacy: toward a unifying th..." refers background in this paper
...In seeking a motivational explanation of exploratory and manipulative behavior, White (1959) postulated an "effectance motive," which is conceptualized as an intrinsic drive for transactions with the environment ....
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