Journal ArticleDOI
Selfish genes, the phenotype paradigm and genome evolution.
W. F. Doolittle,Carmen Sapienza +1 more
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Natural selection operating within genomes will inevitably result in the appearance of DNAs with no phenotypic expression whose only ‘function’ is survival within genomes.Abstract:
Natural selection operating within genomes will inevitably result in the appearance of DNAs with no phenotypic expression whose only ‘function’ is survival within genomes. Prokaryotic transposable elements and eukaryotic middle-repetitive sequences can be seen as such DNAs, and thus no phenotypic or evolutionary function need be assigned to them.read more
Citations
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Exaptation; a missing term in the science of form
TL;DR: This work presents several examples of exaptation, indicating where a failure to concep- tualize such an idea limited the range of hypotheses previously available, and proposes a terminological solution to the problem of preadaptation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Somaclonal variation — a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement
Philip J. Larkin,W. R. Scowcroft +1 more
TL;DR: It is argued that this variation in plant cell culture itself generates genetic variability (somaclonal variation) that may be employed to enhance the exchange required in sexual hybrids for the introgression of desirable alien genes into a crop species.
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Slipped-strand mispairing: a major mechanism for DNA sequence evolution.
G Levinson,George A. Gutman +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that single-base repeats (the shortest possible motifs) are represented by longer runs in mammalian introns than would be expected on a random basis, supporting the idea that SSM may be a ubiquitous force in the evolution of the eukaryotic genome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microsatellites: simple sequences with complex evolution
TL;DR: Few genetic markers, if any, have found such widespread use as microsatellites, or simple/short tandem repeats, but features such as hypervariability and ubiquitous occurrence explain their usefulness, but these features also pose several questions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cytosine methylation and the ecology of intragenomic parasites
TL;DR: It has become increasingly difficult to hold that reversible promoter methylation is commonly involved in developmental gene control; instead, suppression of parasitic sequence elements appears to be the primary function of cytosine methylation, with crucial secondary roles in allele-specific gene expression as seen in X inactivation and genomic imprinting.
References
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Book
The Selfish Gene
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors take up the concepts of altruistic and selfish behaviour; the genetical definition of selfish interest; the evolution of aggressive behaviour; kinship theory; sex ratio theory; reciprocal altruism; deceit; and the natural selection of sex differences.
The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme
TL;DR: The adaptationist programme is faulted for its failure to distinguish current utility from reasons for origin, and Darwin’s own pluralistic approach to identifying the agents of evolutionary change is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors criticise the adaptationist program for its inability to distinguish current utility from reasons for origin (male tyrannosaurs may have used their diminutive front legs to titillate female partners, but this will not explain why they got so small).
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolutionary Rate at the Molecular Level
TL;DR: Calculating the rate of evolution in terms of nucleotide substitutions seems to give a value so high that many of the mutations involved must be neutral ones.
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