Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Margins in a Typical Agroecosystem of the Argentinean Pampas as a Reservoir of Carabid Beetles
TL;DR: Changes in edaphic carabidofauna abundance in a wheat crop plot, its field margins, and four semi-natural adjacent habitats were evaluated, finding a low specific richness of carabids was found in the wheat crop.
Abstract: Changes in edaphic carabidofauna abundance in a wheat crop plot, its field margins, and four semi-natural adjacent habitats were evaluated. A low specific richness of carabids was found in the wheat crop. No species was found exclusively in the wheat plot, but there were species found in the surrounding habitat. The observed responses of different species regarding moisture conditions determined their presence or absence in these semi-natural habitats as well as in dominance structures of each particular ambient. A gradual decrease in the number of captured individuals from the field margin to the center of the wheat plot was observed. Semi-natural habitats and field margins become an important requirement for habitat and shelter of the best represented species of ground beetles, particularly for predatory and omnivorous varieties.
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TL;DR: The majority of studies revealed the importance of field margin and non-crop vegetation around arable fields in enhancing ecosystem biodiversity, and highlight that agro-ecological studies remain largely overlooked in some regions.
Abstract: Background: Field margin and non-crop vegetation in agricultural systems are potential ecosystem services providers because they offer semi-natural habitats for both below and above ground animal groups such as soil organisms, small mammals, birds and arthropods that are service supplying units. They are considered as a target area for enhancing farm biodiversity.
Methodology: To explore the multiple potential benefits of these semi-natural habitats and to identify research trends and knowledge gaps globally, a review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A total of 235 publications from the year 2000 to 2016 in the Scopus and Web of Science databases were reviewed.
Results: The literature showed an increasing trend in the number of published articles over time with European studies leading in the proportion of studies conducted, followed by North America, Asia, South America, Africa and Australia. Several functional groups of organisms were studied from field margin and non-crop vegetation around agricultural lands including natural enemies (37%), insect pests (22%), birds (17%), pollinators (16%), soil macro fauna (4%) and small mammals (4%). Ecosystem services derived from the field margin included natural pest regulation, pollination, nutrient cycling and reduced offsite erosion. Some field margin plants were reported to host detrimental crop pests, a major ecosystem dis-service, potentially leading to increased pest infestation in the field.
Conclusion: The majority of studies revealed the importance of field margin and non-crop vegetation around arable fields in enhancing ecosystem biodiversity. Promotion of field margin plants that selectively enhance the population of beneficial organisms would support sustainable food security rather than simply boosting plant diversity. Our analyses also highlight that agro-ecological studies remain largely overlooked in some regions.
32 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that greater landscape complexity may contribute to reduced numbers of B. oleae, and more studies are needed to establish how to reduce olive fruit fly damage.
Abstract: Landscape ecology studies on pest control have focused mainly on annual crops and natural enemies, whereas more studies measuring pest pressure on perennial crops are needed.
The relationships between the abundance and damage by Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) and different landscape indices were analyzed using data gathered by a regional network during 2009, 2010 and 2011 in Jaen, Spain. Eleven indices of landscape composition and configuration calculated at six different spatial scales (radii of 500, 600, 750, 1000, 1500 and 2000 m) were used in correlation analyses.
Significant correlations between abundance and some indices were observed primarily during Julian days 236–264 (24 August to 21 September) 2010. These correlations were negative with edge density, the Shannon landscape diversity index and the number of patches, and were positive with patch size standard deviation and mean patch size.
Linear mixed-effects models were used to identify the indices most strongly related to the abundance of olive flies. These indices were mean patch size, edge density at 500–750 m and the Shannon landscape diversity index, as well as the number of patches at 1000–2000 m.
These results suggest that greater landscape complexity may contribute to reduced numbers of B. oleae. More studies are needed to establish how to reduce olive fruit fly damage.
30 citations
Cites background from "Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Mar..."
...In this manner, these areas favour the presence of parasitoids and predators that can disperse into the © 2013 The Royal Entomological Society crop and contribute to pest control (Haenke et al., 2009; Hogg & Daane, 2010; Marasas et al., 2010)....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied how an agroecology-based agriculture (ABA) production system can be affected by the CBA fields around it, through the spatio-temporal characterizations of pesticides in soils, through two sampling campaigns were conducted and soil samples were obtained from "La Aurora", an agricultural establishment located in the Argentine pampa and from neighboring fields with CBA productions.
14 citations
DOI•
01 Apr 2013
TL;DR: Perez et al. as mentioned in this paper analyzed the relationship between agro-ecological management practices in horticulture and different regulating services to farm scale, and established a framework that facilitate technicians, researchers and policy makers, advancing technological alternatives that promote agroecological transition processes.
Abstract: Perez, M., Marasas, M.E. (2013). Regulating services and management practices: contributions to horticulture with agroecological bases. Ecosistemas 22(1):36-43. Doi.: 10.7818/ECOS.2013.22-1.07
The importance of agroecological management practices has been widely discussed in the literature. The relationship between these practices and the regulating services in agroecosystems is an essential contribution to the development of sustainable production systems. This paper analyzes the relationship between agroecological management practices in horticulture and different regulating services to farm scale. It aims to establish a framework that facilitate technicians, researchers and policy makers, advancing technological alternatives that promote agroecological transition processes. Knowledge of the interactions between practices and services is necessary for decision making concerning the agro-ecosystems management and biodiversity conservation, particularly in agricultural systems.
14 citations
Cites background from "Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Mar..."
...…de alimento alternativo, hábitats para hibernación y refugio, sitios de apareamiento y oviposición y microclimas apropiados, favoreciendo la colonización de los cultivos por estos organismos (Altieri 1999; Marshall y Moonen 2002; Nicholls 2002; Altieri y Nicholls 2007; Marasas et al. 2010)....
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...…y presas alternativas Altieri 1999; Marshall y Moonen 2002; Nicholls 2002; Altieri y Nicholls 2007; Paleologos et al. 2008; Stupino et al. 2009; Marasas et al. 2010; Control de plagas, enfermedades y malezas Interrupción de la dispersión de propágulos de patógenos y semillas de malezas y…...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the link between farmers' management decisions and their demographic characteristics and perceptions of ecosystem services in one of the most intensively cropped areas in Argentina, the Pampean region of Argentina, and show a typology of four groups of farms defined by the combination of eight management variables.
14 citations
References
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TL;DR: The rapidly expanding literature on habitat management is reviewed with attention to practices for favoring predators and parasitoids, implementation of habitat management, and the contributions of modeling and ecological theory to this developing area of conservation biological control.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract Many agroecosystems are unfavorable environments for natural enemies due to high levels of disturbance. Habitat management, a form of conservation biological control, is an ecologically based approach aimed at favoring natural enemies and enhancing biological control in agricultural systems. The goal of habitat management is to create a suitable ecological infrastructure within the agricultural landscape to provide resources such as food for adult natural enemies, alternative prey or hosts, and shelter from adverse conditions. These resources must be integrated into the landscape in a way that is spatially and temporally favorable to natural enemies and practical for producers to implement. The rapidly expanding literature on habitat management is reviewed with attention to practices for favoring predators and parasitoids, implementation of habitat management, and the contributions of modeling and ecological theory to this developing area of conservation biological control. The potential to int...
2,705 citations
"Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Mar..." refers background in this paper
...As an example, the role played by Carabidae inhabiting those habitats in relation to the regulation of pests has been recognized ( Landis et al, 2002 ; Magura, 2002 )....
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Book•
01 Jan 1977
1,075 citations
"Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Mar..." refers background in this paper
...The number of total individuals captured in pitfall traps was evaluated as a measure of the activity-density of the surface-living invertebrates (Thiele, 1977; Baars, 1979)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the role and interactions between fields and their margins have been investigated, and the impact of these on weed flora and arthropods indicate mostly beneficial effects though conflicts exist, notably for the conservation of rare arable weed species.
739 citations
"Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Mar..." refers methods in this paper
...Total number of pitfall traps in each environment was selected according to Obrtel’s (1971) criteria....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of between-and within-group diversity on ecosystem services in a co-evolved community and found that, under some conditions, the de-linking of the diversity-function relationship can result in impairment of other services.
654 citations
"Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Mar..." refers background in this paper
...Increasing concern about the need to preserve biodiversity in agroecosystems has been noted by several authors ( Swift et al. 2004 , Feehan et al....
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TL;DR: The application of diversity/stability considerations in theoretical ecology has led to the emergence of testable hypotheses with implications for biological control and agroecosystem management.
520 citations
"Semi-Natural Habitats and Field Mar..." refers background in this paper
...This group can be severely affected by agricultural landscape simplification, especially if certain minimal needs of feeding resources, mating sites, refuge,s and adequate habitats for its mobility are limited or scarce ( Altieri and Letourneau, 1982 ; Carmona and Landis, 1999 ; Portauf et al, 2005 )....
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