Sesame: Current knowledge of composition and use
01 Apr 1972-Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society (Springer-Verlag)-Vol. 49, Iss: 4, pp 245-249
TL;DR: Sesame meal is a valuable supplement for food and feeds because of the high methionine content of its protein relative to other oilseed proteins as discussed by the authors, and the production of sesame seed in the U.S. has been small but is expected to increase with success in the development of nonshattering varieties.
Abstract: Because of its good taste and outstanding stability, sesame oil has long been one of the most desirable edible vegetable oils. Sesame meal is a valuable supplement for food and feeds because of the high methionine content of its protein relative to other oilseed proteins. Production of sesame seed in the U.S. has been small but is expected to increase with success in the development of nonshattering varieties. Current information on the composition, properties, processing and use of sesame is discussed.
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TL;DR: Five samples from three different types of 1500-year-old Mediterranean amphorae as well as from a contemporary oil lamp found in the same deposit, were analyzed for the presence of lipid residues and revealed a more abundant FFA fraction than a TG fraction, which is the reverse of what the authors know about the composition of fresh oil.
74 citations
TL;DR: Several reports have suggested that lipid peroxidation may result in destabilization and disintegration of cell membranes, leading to liver injury and other diseases, and finally, to aging and susceptibility to cancer.
Abstract: Recently, much attention has been focused on studies which suggest the involvement of active oxygens and free radicals in a variety of pathological events, cancer, and even the aging process (21,30). Oxygen is indispensable for aerobic organisms including, of course, human beings; however, it is believed that oxygen also may be responsible for undesired phenomena (4). In particular, oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical and singlet oxygen, and other radicals, are proposed as agents attacking polyunsaturated fatty acid in cell membranes, giving rise to lipid peroxidation (3). Several reports have suggested that lipid peroxidation may result in destabilization and disintegration of cell membranes, leading to liver injury and other diseases, and finally, to aging and susceptibility to cancer. However, normal cell membranes do not undergo lipid peroxidation so severely in vivo because of the extremely efficient protective mechanisms against damage caused by active oxygens and free radicals. Such systems include enzymatic inactivation by, for example, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-peroxidase and catalase, as well as nonenzymatic protection of polyunsaturated fatty acid by physiological and biological antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, s-carotene, and uric acid (2). More recently, bilirubin (35) and carnocine (18) have been reported as being biologically significant antioxidants. In addition, several antioxidants have been reported to play an important role in the prevention of carcinogenesis related to active oxygen radicals, and in some cases, to extend the life span of animals (8).
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the available data on the synthetic antioxidants and the problems associated to their use, together with the presence of natural phenolic antioxidants in plants, have been revised and classified in families: phenolic alcohols and acids, cinnamic acids, coumarins, favonoids, and other phenolic compounds.
Abstract: This review deals with the oxidation processes induced by light and atmospheric oxygen, as well as the protective action on antioxidant compounds. The available data on the synthetic antioxidants and the problems associated to their use, together with the presence of natural phenolic antioxidants in plants, have been revised. These phenolic antioxidants have been classified in families: phenolic alcohols and acids, cinnamic acids, coumarins, favonoids (flavones and isoflavones, flavonols, flavanones) and other phenolic compounds.
61 citations
Cites background from "Sesame: Current knowledge of compos..."
...Entre ellas están el sésamo (Lyon, 1972), limón (Haymon, 1976), naranja (Willians, 1983), orujo de aceituna (Sheabar, 1988), soja (Hammerschmidt, 1978), osbeckia (Su, 1988), clavo (Kramer, 1985), ajo, cebolla, albahaca y perejil (Pizzocaro, 1985), hojas de té y café (Kroyer, 1989), alfalfa (Araujo,…...
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TL;DR: Extracts of different sesame plant (Sesamum indicum) Linnaeus organs inhibited the in vitro growth of the fungus Leucocoprinus gongylophorus (Moller), which is cultivated by the leaf-cutting ants of the species Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
Abstract: Extracts of different sesame plant (Sesamum indicum) Linnaeus organs inhibited the in vitro growth of the fungus Leucocoprinus gongylophorus (Moller) (=Rozites gongylophora Moller), which is cultivated by the leaf-cutting ants of the species Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The presence of the factor responsible for this inhibition was detected in methanol or chloroform extracts and is constant in the plant.
60 citations
Cites background from "Sesame: Current knowledge of compos..."
...According to Budowski (1964), sesamine is found in several plants, but in sesame it is restricted to seeds and its synthesis occurs simultaneously with that of the oil, from which it can be extracted (Lyon, 1972)....
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01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: This chapter will touch on points of general consideration for preparing labeled fattyacids and on selected methods used to label fatty acids and on typical analytical methods for determining isotope purities and label position.
Abstract: 2.1. IntroductionThis chapter will touch on points ofgeneral consideration for preparing labeled fattyacids and on selected methods used to label fatty acids. Representative syntheses ofsome labeled fatty acids will be described, and typical analytical methods fordetermining isotope purities and label position will be covered.General reviews on deuterium isotope labeling and analysis may be found inThomas's book
59 citations
Cites background from "Sesame: Current knowledge of compos..."
...Ackman (1972) has recalculated their data as fractional equiv~t chain length (ECL) values....
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452 citations
"Sesame: Current knowledge of compos..." refers background in this paper
...Sesame, which has been under cultivation in India for as long as rice has, has been called the "queen of the oilseed crops" because of the high yield of oil obtained and the good qualities of the seed, oil and meal ( 1 )....
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124 citations
TL;DR: Triterpene alcohols and sterols were separated by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography from the unsaponifiable fractions of the following 18 vegetable oils: linseed, peanut, olive, rice bran, palm kernel, corn, sesame, oiticica, palm, coconut, rapeseed, grape seed, sunflower, poppy seed, castor, tea seed, cocoa butter and soybean as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Triterpene alcohols and sterols were separated by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography from the unsaponifiable fractions of the following 18 vegetable oils: linseed, peanut, olive, rice bran, palm kernel, corn, sesame, oiticica, palm, coconut, rapeseed, grape seed, sunflower, poppy seed, castor, tea seed, cocoa butter and soybean. Two triterpene alcohols, cycloartenol and 24-methylene cycloartanol, were found in all of the oils except soybean oil, which contained only cycloartenol. Triterpene alcohols such as α- and β-amyrin, euphorbol, butyrospermol and cyclolaudenol also were encountered occasionally. Three sterols, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol were present in all of the oils. In addition a fourth sterol, not yet idenfified, was found in oils of palm, palm kernel and sunflower in varying amounts. This unknown sterol and brassicasterol were found in rapeseed oil in addition to the three sterols that were common to all of the oils studied.
89 citations
TL;DR: The topics reviewed include structural con-siderations, natural occurrence, influence of oil processing, analytical methods, isolation proce-dures and commercial preparations, various bio-logical effects and stability questions.
Abstract: This review covers the literature on sesamin, sesamolin and related compounds published since 1951. The topics reviewed include structural con-siderations, natural occurrence, influence of oil processing, analytical methods, isolation proce-dures and commercial preparations, various bio-logical effects and stability questions. Recent developments in pyrethrum synergists are discussed at length, since they owe so much to the discovery of the synergistic activities of sesamin and sesamolin.
78 citations