Journal ArticleDOI
Sexual Selection in Plants
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TLDR
The hypothesis regarding the importance of sexual selection could be tested by monitoring variation in individual fitness via pollen donation and via ovule maturation, and large PDU's may provide a means by which females can assess the relative masculinity of potential mates.Abstract:
The concept of sexual selection (intrasexual competition for mates and mate preference) is used in revising the classical explanation of dioecy in plants. Male and female functions of hermaphroditic flowers can be subject to different sexual selection pressures, which may conceivably lead to the separation of male and female structures. This suggestion does not exclude genetic advantages that may accrue from outcrossing; the two aspects of selection probably operated together in the evolution of dioecy. The hypothesis regarding the importance of sexual selection could be tested by monitoring variation in individual fitness via pollen donation and via ovule maturation. The evolution of pollinia and other large pollen dispersal units is also viewed in terms of sexual selection. Availability of a reliable pollen vector is a prerequisite to the evolution of pollen packages. From the point of view of a flower functioning as a male, large PDU's ensure fertilization of more ovules and possible preemption of stig...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Flower and Fruit Abortion: Proximate Causes and Ultimate Functions
TL;DR: The growing realization that the number of flowers and fruits and the way they are clustered in time and space influence pollinator attraction is leading to efforts to study the role of demographic studies in this process.
Journal ArticleDOI
The descent of man and selection in relation to sex
ダーウィン チャールス,田中 茂穗 +1 more
TL;DR: For instance, when a dog sees another dog at a distance, it is often clear that he perceives that it is a dog in the abstract; for when he gets nearer his whole manner suddenly changes, if the other dog be a friend as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bateman's principle and plant reproduction: The role of pollen limitation in fruit and seed set
TL;DR: Using published data on 258 species in which fecundity was reported for natural pollination and hand pollination with outcross pollen, significant pollen limitation was found at some times or in some sites in 159 of the 258 species, suggesting that the pollination environment is not constant.
Journal ArticleDOI
The avoidance of interference between the presentation of pollen and stigmas in angiosperms II. Herkogamy
C. J. Webb,David G. Lloyd +1 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the separation of pollen and stigmas acts in general to reduce this self-interference and it often also reduces self-fertilisation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of Dioecy in Flowering Plants
TL;DR: It is argued that dioecy is not as rare as is generally assumed and in certain regions, among certain life forms, more than one fourth of all species may be dioECious (see below).
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Parental investment and sexual selection
TL;DR: The p,cnetics of sex nas now becn clarif ied, and Fishcr ( 1958 ) hrs produccd , n,od"l to cxplarn sex ratios at coDception, a nrodel recently extendcd to include special mccha_ nisms that operate under inbreeding (Hunrilron I96?).
Journal ArticleDOI
The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection
TL;DR: Although it is true that most text-books of genetics open with a chapter on biometry, closer inspection will reveal that this has little connexion with the body of the work, and that more often than not it is merely belated homage to a once fashionable study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sperm competition and its evolutionary consequences in the insects
TL;DR: In this article, Simpson et al. describe a method to solve the problem of homonymity in Bee W l d 34, 14) and show that it works well in beekeeping.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural selection of parental ability to vary the sex ratio of offspring.
Robert Trivers,Dan E. Willard +1 more
TL;DR: Theory and data suggest that a male in good condition at the end of the period of parental investment is expected to outreproduce a sister in similar condition, while she is expectedto outre produce him if both are in poor condition, and natural selection should favor parental ability to adjust the sex ratio of offspring produced according to parental able to invest.