Shear Bond Strength of Resin Composite to Rotary and Er : Yag Laser - Prepared Enamel
TL;DR: Thirty-eight human anterior teeth, randomly assigned to each preparation group according to surface preparation, were studied and one-way ANOVA and the Tukey test were used for analysis.
Abstract: Materials & Methods: Forty-eight human anterior teeth, randomly assigned to each preparation group, were studied. Each tooth was mounted in self-curing acrylic resin with the desirable flat facial surface exposed and was randomly assigned to 3 groups according to surface preparation: Er:YAG laser irradiation, carbide bur, or fine-grit diamond bur. A polypropylene cylinder was fixed to the prepared surface, which was demarcated for the area to be bonded with the single bonding system. Restorative composite was then incrementallyinserted into the tubing lumens. The teeth were shear tested to failure at a crosshead speed of 1.0mm/minute. One-way ANOVA and the Tukey test were used for analysis.
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TL;DR: Dentin and enamel bond strength to resin composite following high-speed rotary or Er:YAG laser preparation using a total etch adhesive system was inferior to that of conventional rotary preparation and acid etching.
Abstract: Summary Objectives. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dentin and enamel bond strength to resin composite following high-speed rotary or Er:YAG laser preparation using a total etch adhesive system. The microstructure of resin–tooth interfaces was also investigated. Methods. Human dentin and enamel specimens were prepared with a high-speed handpiece (KaVo) or Er:YAG laser (DELight) at manufacturer's recommended settings and etched with either 37% H3PO4, laser etched, or not etched. Composite rods (Z-250, 3M/ESPE) were bonded to specimens with an adhesive (Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, 3M/ESPE). After thermocycling, specimens were tested in shear to failure. Results. Two-factor ANOVA detected significant differences in the main effects of preparation and etch type, and interaction (p Significance. Adhesion to laser-ablated or laser-etched dentin and enamel was inferior to that of conventional rotary preparation and acid etching.
103 citations
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Schawlow and Townes as discussed by the authors proposed a technique for the generation of very monochromatic radiation in the infra-red optical region of the spectrum using an alkali vapour as the active medium.
Abstract: Schawlow and Townes1 have proposed a technique for the generation of very monochromatic radiation in the infra-red optical region of the spectrum using an alkali vapour as the active medium. Javan2 and Sanders3 have discussed proposals involving electron-excited gaseous systems. In this laboratory an optical pumping technique has been successfully applied to a fluorescent solid resulting in the attainment of negative temperatures and stimulated optical emission at a wave-length of 6943 A. ; the active material used was ruby (chromium in corundum). After demonstration in 1954 of the 'maser' principle (microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation), systems were sought in which the effect occurred in the infrared and visible spectrum. This goal was reached in 1960 when Theodore Maiman achieved optical laser action in ruby.
3,646 citations
TL;DR: Adhesion to dental hard tissues after Er:YAG laser etching is inferior to that obtained after conventional acid etching and extensive subsurface fissuring that is unfavorable to adhesion is shown.
Abstract: Statement of Problem. Er:YAG (erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) lasers have been effective in the removal of dental tissues. It has been suggested that they are also useful for preparing dental surfaces for adhesion, but results to date have been controversial. Purpose. This study compared the tensile strength of bracket-tooth bonds obtained after preparation of the surface for adhesion (dentin or enamel) by conventional acid-etching or by Er:YAG laser etching and investigated microstructure of resin-tooth interfaces using the 2 procedures. Material and Methods. Eighty healthy human premolars were used. Brackets were cemented to acid-etched enamel, laser-etched enamel, acid-etched dentin, or laser-etched dentin (20 teeth per group). Dentin was previously exposed using a high-speed handpiece. Acid-etching was with 37% orthophosphoric acid (15 seconds for enamel, 5 seconds for dentin). Laser etching was with Er:YAG laser (four 200 mJ pulses per second for enamel; four 160 mJ pulses per second for dentin). Brackets were bonded with autocuring resin paste, having first applied a primer (dentin only) and then light-cured bonding resin. Tensile strength was determined with a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA and subsequent t test with Bonferroni correction. Fracture patterns were compared by the Wilcoxon test with Bonferroni correction. For SEM studies of the resin-tooth interface, a total of 12 premolars were used (3 for each tissue per treatment combination). Results. Mean tensile bond strength for acid-etched enamel (14.05 ± 5.03 MPa) was significantly higher ( P P Conclusion. Adhesion to dental hard tissues after Er:YAG laser etching is inferior to that obtained after conventional acid etching. Enamel and dentin surfaces prepared by Er:YAG laser etching show extensive subsurface fissuring that is unfavorable to adhesion. (J Prosthet Dent 2000;84:280-8.)
306 citations
TL;DR: The application of the Er:YAG laser system is a more comfortable alternative or adjunctive method to conventional mechanical cavity preparation.
260 citations
TL;DR: This report evaluates effects of three lasers on dentin and pulpal tissues and concludes that the Er:YAG laser appears to have a lesser thermal effect.
Abstract: There is a quest to find a method to remove diseased and healthy dental hard tissues without the negative stimuli associated with dental handpieces. Today, lasers are being considered as a potential replacement. This report evaluates effects o f three lasers on dentin and pulpal tissues. The Er:YAG laser appears to have a lesser thermal effect.
235 citations
TL;DR: Application of a neodymium:yttrium‐aluminum‐garnet (Nd:YAG) laser was compared to conventional scalpel in dental soft tissue surgery and surgical prognosis was made at the time of surgery and compared to actual healing 1 week and 1 month after surgery.
Abstract: Application of a neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser was compared to conventional scalpel in dental soft tissue surgery. Two surgery sites on 29 patients were randomly selected and treated. An additional 41 patients were exclusively treated with the Nd:YAG laser. The surgical technique was then evaluated for periodontal pocket depths, degree of pain perceived, bleeding, inflammation, procedure time, and anesthesia. Surgical prognosis was made at the time of surgery and compared to actual healing 1 week and 1 month after surgery. No differences were observed between laser and scalpel surgery in terms of pocket depth reduction, postoperative pain, post-operative inflammation, and treatment time. However, operative and postoperative bleeding with laser surgery were significantly less than with conventional surgery. Anesthesia is required for scalpel surgery, the majority of laser-treated sites evoked minimal pain without anesthesia. These results indicate that the Nd:YAG laser can be used successfully for intraoral soft tissue applications are well tolerated without anesthesia and minimal bleeding compared to scalpel surgery.
219 citations