Shifts in Intergenerational Mobility of Indian Immigrant Entrepreneurs
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the shift in the intergenerational mobility of Indian immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia and report on the differences in the entrepreneurial attitudes of push and pull and the aptitudes of social and human capital between pre 2000 and post 2000 immigrant entrepreneurs.
Abstract: The objective of this article is to examine the shift in the intergenerational mobility of Indian immigrant entrepreneurs in Australia. Based on a qualitative methodology, this article reports on the differences in the entrepreneurial attitudes of push and pull and the aptitudes of social and human capital between pre 2000 and post 2000 immigrant entrepreneurs. The findings suggest that the post 2000 Indian migrant entrepreneurs in Australia are mostly pull motivated, have higher qualifications than the pre 2000 arrivals, speak better English, have professional educational qualifications relevant to their business, and operate predominantly in the service sector. They take fewer years to get into business and are less dependent on immigrant social capital resources than pre 2000 arrivals. The study proposes that, compared with social capital resources, human capital resource have a greater impact on entrepreneurial propensity in the case of second generation Indian migrant entrepreneurs in Australia.
Policy Implications
This research has implication for Australian immigration policy, labour laws and settlement services of migrants. It recommends successful implementation of policies and durable solutions for Indian immigrants in the labour market in Australia.
The Australian Government will be assisted in examining and identifying future options for the intake of temporary and permanent migrants that improve the income, wealth and living standards of Australian citizens, improve the budgets and balance sheets of Australian governments, minimize administration and compliance costs associated with immigration, and provide pathways both for Australian citizens to be altruistic towards foreigners, and for Australia's international responsibilities and obligations to foreign residents to be met. Improvements in the labour laws would promote the effective integration of Indian immigrants into society.
Further, Indians in the USA have contributed immensely to the entrepreneurial spirit due to the government support for migrant SMEs and the small business venture funds. The Australian government can replicate this policy, reduce restriction on employment opportunities and enhance entrepreneurship for all migrants.
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TL;DR: Klausner as discussed by the authors examines the weaknesses and strengths of Sombart's work in its historical and societal context, examining the weaknesses of the double thesis of the Jewish foundation of capitalism and the capitalist foundation of Judaism.
Abstract: Since its first appearance in Germany in 1911, "Jews and Modern Capitalism "has provoked vehement criticism. As Samuel Z. Klausner emphasizes, the lasting value of Sombart's work rests not in his results-most of which have long since been disproved-but in his point of departure. Openly acknowledging his debt to Max Weber, Sombart set out to prove the double thesis of the Jewish foundation of capitalism and the capitalist foundation of Judaism. Klausner, placing Sombart's work in its historical and societal context, examines the weaknesses and strengths of "Jews and Modern Capitalism."
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the structure of the scientific production that provides the basis for studies on the tendency to entrepreneurship, using co-citation analysis, using exploratory and data analysis was performed on scientific articles retrieved from the Scopus database.
Abstract: Entrepreneurial propensity is the favorable predisposition of the individual to create new ventures This study aimed to present the structure of the scientific production that provides the basis for studies on the tendency to entrepreneurship, using co-citation analysis The method was exploratory and the data analysis was performed on scientific articles retrieved from the Scopus database The results revealed that studies on the topic began in the 1970s, but it was only after the year 2000 that a significant increase in research occurred Exploratory Factorial Analysis (EFA) revealed that the structure of scientific production on a propensity for entrepreneurship is explained in 6834%, by 24 authors, who were grouped in eight dimensions: entrepreneurship as an organizational process; the characteristics of entrepreneurs; entrepreneurial attitudes and behavior; the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention; locus of control and effects of culture on entrepreneurship; cognitive processes and identification of opportunities; entrepreneurial action and decision making This study reinforces the need for more investigations that aim to find a nucleus to understand entrepreneurs’ importance in society Future research could explore similarities and differences between the constructs present in the current literature about future entrepreneurs
8 citations
12 Sep 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors formulated prior studies on migrant entrepreneurs while taking into account their motivation to become entrepreneurs in the host country, and presented the results in form of a theoretical model, illustrating the motivational factors for migrant entrepreneurs to engage in entrepreneurship in the studied host countries.
Abstract: This paper is formulated based on prior studies on migrant entrepreneurs while taking into account their motivation to become entrepreneurs in the host country. The analysis shows a diverse research nature of migrant entrepreneur’s motivations to engage in entrepreneurship in the host countries mostly coming from emerging markets specifically Asian countries and in particular south-east Asia, countries such as India, Bangladesh, China, Sri-Lanka, and Pakistan to settle in Australia, New Zealand, The UAE, The U.S, Canada the UK, and Germany and the Netherlands. We also found that most of their reasons for venturing in entrepreneurship were lack of job opportunities that fit their skill sets, discrimination in workplaces, skills, and ease for starting online businesses and talent to exploit business opportunities in the host country. At the end, we presented the results in form of a theoretical model, illustrating the motivational factors for migrant entrepreneurs to engage in entrepreneurship in the studied host countries.
5 citations
Cites background from "Shifts in Intergenerational Mobilit..."
...In a real comparism of 2000 Indian migrant entrepreneurs in Australia by (Chavan and Taksa, 2017), suggest, human and social capital influence the success of those Indian migrant entrepreneurs adaptation and establishment in their businesses which are mostly in the service sector....
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TL;DR: According to USA Facts, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) granted 1,096,611 green cards, 707,265 naturalizations, 38,687 asylum claims, 8,742,068 visas, and 387,842 DACA cases in 2018 According to the National Center for Education Statistics (2020), more than 21,460 international students (also known as nonresident aliens) received doctoral degrees, 135,942 received master's degrees, 84,2550 bachelor's degrees and 28,374 associate degrees According to IIE Open Doors
Abstract: According to the USA Facts, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) granted 1,096,611 green cards, 707,265 naturalizations, 38,687 asylum claims, 8,742,068 visas, and 387,842 DACA cases in 2018 According to the National Center for Education Statistics (2020), more than 21,460 international students (also known as nonresident aliens) received doctoral degrees, 135,942 received master's degrees, 84,2550 bachelor's degrees, and 28,374 associate degrees According to IIE Open Doors data, New York University (19,605), University of Southern California (16,340), Northeastern University (16,075), University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign (13,497), Arizona State University (13,324), University of California-Los Angeles (11,942), Purdue University (10,943), University of California-San Diego (10,943), and Boston University (10,598) are the top institutions hosting the highest number of international students According to NAFSA (2019), these international students contributed nearly $41 billion to the U S economy and supported 459,20 jobs during 2018-2019
4 citations
TL;DR: The authors developed an integrated process model and discovered a four-phase chronology of immigrant family business success toward global expansion: arriving, establishing, expanding, and thriving, linking these transitory phases to the embeddedness that evolves from family to local, host country, and global.
Abstract: Extant literature on immigrant family businesses (IFBs) refers to the vital role of embeddedness in their success. Yet, little is known about how embeddedness evolves from family to global and how it helps IFBs to establish themselves in a host country, survive the related challenges, and thrive in the international market. By drawing on the lived experience of 25 highly successful family business entrepreneurs in Australia, we develop an integrated process model and discover a four-phase chronology of IFBs’ success toward global expansion: arriving, establishing, expanding, and thriving. Further, this model links these transitory phases to the IFBs’ embeddedness that evolves from family to local, host-country, and global. Our findings suggest that while the strength of family embeddedness is critical over time, its scope is limited as the IFBs form new, more extensive networks toward the global market. IFBs act as boundary spanners, blending local and international resources to create value. The theoretical and practical implications of our findings are shared in the concluding section. Keywords: Immigrant family business; embeddedness; process model; global strategy
3 citations
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Book•
12 Jan 1994
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