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Shocking racial attitudes : Black G.I.s in Europe

David Schindler, +1 more
- 01 Feb 2021 - 
- Vol. 88, Iss: 1, pp 489-520
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TLDR
The authors showed that the presence of African American soldiers in the UK during World War II reduced anti-minority prejudice, a result of the positive interactions which took place between soldiers and the local population.
Abstract
Can attitudes towards minorities, an important cultural trait, be changed? We show that the presence of African American soldiers in the UK during World War II reduced anti-minority prejudice, a result of the positive interactions which took place between soldiers and the local population The change has been persistent: in locations in which more African American soldiers were posted there are fewer members of and voters for the UK’s leading far-right party, less implicit bias against blacks and fewer individuals professing racial prejudice, all measured around 2010 Our results point towards intergenerational transmission from parents to children as the most likely explanation

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What is Mass Observation

Rose Lindsey
TL;DR: The mass-observant movement as mentioned in this paper was started by Charles Madge, joint organizer of "Mass-Observation", who found that observers' references to people fall mainly into three categories: (a) people one knows or one has met already ; (b) strangers one meets in the street, or for the first time ; (c) celebrities, one hears of, or reads about in the newspapers.
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Racial Diversity, Electoral Preferences, and the Supply of Policy: The Great Migration and Civil Rights

TL;DR: This paper found that the Second Great Migration increased support for the Democratic Party and encouraged pro-civil rights activism in northern and western counties, driven by both Black and white voters and were stronger in counties with a lower history of discrimination and with a larger working class and unionized white population.
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Structuring local environments to avoid racial diversity: Anxiety drives Whites' geographical and institutional self-segregation preferences

TL;DR: This paper explored how local racial diversity affects Whites' efforts to structure their local communities to avoid incidental intergroup contact and found that Whites choose greater racial segregation around more (vs. less) self-relevant landmarks (e.g., their workplace and children's school).
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Inter-ethnic relations of teenagers in England’s schools: the role of school and neighbourhood ethnic composition

TL;DR: In the context of ongoing debate about the positive and negative consequences of ethnic diversity for intergroup relations, this article studied inter-ethnic relations among adolescents in England's schools and found that ethnic diversity was positively associated with intergroup relationships.
References
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Book

The Nature of Prejudice

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the dynamics of prejudgment, including: Frustration, Aggression and Hatred, Anxiety, Sex, and Guilt, Demagogy, and Tolerant Personality.
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Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test.

TL;DR: An implicit association test (IAT) measures differential association of 2 target concepts with an attribute when instructions oblige highly associated categories to share a response key, and performance is faster than when less associated categories share a key.
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A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory.

TL;DR: The meta-analysis finds that intergroup contact typically reduces intergroup prejudice, and this result suggests that contact theory, devised originally for racial and ethnic encounters, can be extended to other groups.
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Implicit Social Cognition: Attitudes, Self-Esteem, and Stereotypes.

TL;DR: The present conclusion--that attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes have important implicit modes of operation--extends both the construct validity and predictive usefulness of these major theoretical constructs of social psychology.
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Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity.

TL;DR: A review of 122 research reports (184 independent samples, 14,900 subjects) found average r =.274 for prediction of behavioral, judgment, and physiological measures by Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures as mentioned in this paper.
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