Shrub expansion in tundra ecosystems: dynamics, impacts and research priorities
Isla H. Myers-Smith,Isla H. Myers-Smith,Bruce C. Forbes,Martin Wilmking,Martin Hallinger,Trevor C. Lantz,Daan Blok,Ken D. Tape,Marc Macias-Fauria,Ute Sass-Klaassen,Esther Lévesque,Stéphane Boudreau,Pascale Ropars,Luise Hermanutz,Andrew J. Trant,Laura Siegwart Collier,Stef Weijers,Jelte Rozema,Shelly A. Rayback,Niels Martin Schmidt,Gabriela Schaepman-Strub,Sonja Wipf,Christian Rixen,Cécile B. Ménard,Susanna Venn,Scott J. Goetz,Laia Andreu-Hayles,Sarah C. Elmendorf,Virve Ravolainen,Jeffrey M. Welker,Paul Grogan,Howard E. Epstein,David S. Hik +32 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
This article used repeat photography, long-term ecological monitoring and dendrochronology to document shrub expansion in arctic, high-latitude and alpine tundra.Abstract:
Recent research using repeat photography, long-term ecological monitoring and dendrochronology has documented shrub expansion in arctic, high-latitude and alpine tundraread more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Sensitivity of global terrestrial ecosystems to climate variability
Alistair W. R. Seddon,Marc Macias-Fauria,Peter R. Long,David Benz,Katherine J. Willis,Katherine J. Willis,Katherine J. Willis +6 more
TL;DR: This study provides a quantitative methodology for assessing the relative response rate of ecosystems—be they natural or with a strong anthropogenic signature—to environmental variability, which is the first step towards addressing why some regions appear to be more sensitive than others, and what impact this has on the resilience of ecosystem service provision and human well-being.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plot-scale evidence of tundra vegetation change and links to recent summer warming.
Sarah C. Elmendorf,Gregory H. R. Henry,Robert D. Hollister,Robert G. Björk,Noémie Boulanger-Lapointe,Elisabeth J. Cooper,Johannes H. C. Cornelissen,Thomas A. Day,Ellen Dorrepaal,Ellen Dorrepaal,Tatiana G. Elumeeva,M.J. Gill,William A. Gould,John Harte,David S. Hik,Annika Hofgaard,D. R. Johnson,Jill F. Johnstone,Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir,Janet C. Jorgenson,Kari Klanderud,Julia A. Klein,Saewan Koh,Gaku Kudo,Mark J. Lara,Esther Lévesque,Borgthor Magnusson,Jeremy L. May,Joel A. Mercado-Díaz,Anders Michelsen,Ulf Molau,Isla H. Myers-Smith,Steven F. Oberbauer,Vladimir G. Onipchenko,Christian Rixen,Niels Martin Schmidt,Gaius R. Shaver,Marko J. Spasojevic,Póra Ellen Pórhallsdóttir,Anne Tolvanen,Tiffany G. Troxler,Craig E. Tweedie,Sandra Villareal,Carl Henrik Wahren,Xanthe J. Walker,Xanthe J. Walker,P. J. Webber,Jeffrey M. Welker,Sonja Wipf +48 more
TL;DR: In this paper, remote sensing data indicate that contemporary climate warming has already resulted in increased productivity and increased productivity in the tundra biome (Tundra Tundra Bi biome).
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics, drivers and feedbacks of global greening
Shilong Piao,Shilong Piao,Xuhui Wang,Taejin Park,Taejin Park,Chi Chen,Xu Lian,Yue He,Jarle W. Bjerke,Anping Chen,Philippe Ciais,Philippe Ciais,Hans Tømmervik,Ramakrishna R. Nemani,Ranga B. Myneni +14 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the detection of the greening signal, its causes and its consequences, and showed that greening is pronounced over intensively farmed or afforested areas, such as in China and India, reflecting human activities.
Increased snow depth affects microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization in two Arctic tundra communities - eScholarship
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used intact core incubations sampled periodically through the winter and following growing season to measure net N mineralization and nitrification in dry heath and in moist tussock tundra under ambient and experimentally increased snow depths.
Journal ArticleDOI
Temperature and vegetation seasonality diminishment over northern lands
Liang Xu,Ranga B. Myneni,F. S. Chapin,Terry V. Callaghan,Jorge E. Pinzon,Compton J. Tucker,Zaichun Zhu,Jian Bi,P. Ciais,Hans Tømmervik,Eugénie S. Euskirchen,Bruce C. Forbes,Shilong Piao,Bruce T. Anderson,Sanmay Ganguly,Ramakrishna R. Nemani,Scott J. Goetz,Pieter S. A. Beck,Andrew G. Bunn,Chunxiang Cao,Julienne Stroeve +20 more
TL;DR: Research now indicates that temperature and vegetation seasonality in northern ecosystems have diminished to an extent equivalent to a southerly shift of 4°– 7° in latitude, and may reach the equivalent of up to 20° over the twenty-first century.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Global surface temperature change
TL;DR: The authors used satellite-observed night lights to identify measurement stations located in extreme darkness and adjust temperature trends of urban and periurban stations for nonclimatic factors, verifying that urban effects on analyzed global change are small.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observational evidence of recent change in the northern high-latitude environment
Mark C. Serreze,John Walsh,F. S. Chapin,T. E. Osterkamp,Mark B. Dyurgerov,Vladimir E. Romanovsky,Walter C. Oechel,James H. Morison,Tingjun Zhang,Roger G. Barry +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present asynthesis of these observations, and conclude that roughly half of the pronounced recent rise in Northern Hemispherewinter temperatures reflects shifts in atmosphericcirculation. But, such changes are not consistent with anthropogenic forcing and include generally positive phases of the North Atlantic and ArcticOscillations and extratropical responses to the El-NinoSouthern Oscillation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Responses of Arctic Tundra to Experimental and Observed Changes in Climate
TL;DR: In this article, the authors manipulated light, temperature, and nutrients in moist tussock tundra near Toolik Lake, Alaska to determine how global changes in these parameters might affect community and ecosystem processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change. Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic.
TL;DR: Evidence for a widespread increase in shrub abundance over more than 320 km of Arctic landscape during the past 50 years is presented, based on a comparison of historic and modern aerial photographs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence and implications of recent climate change in northern Alaska and other arctic regions.
Larry D. Hinzman,Neil D. Bettez,W. Robert Bolton,F. Stuart Chapin,Mark B. Dyurgerov,Chris L. Fastie,Brad Griffith,Robert D. Hollister,Allen Hope,Henry P. Huntington,Anne M. Jensen,Gensuou J. Jia,T. Jorgenson,Douglas L. Kane,David R. Klein,Gary P. Kofinas,Amanda H. Lynch,Andrea H. Lloyd,A. David McGuire,Frederick E. Nelson,Walter C. Oechel,T. E. Osterkamp,Charles H. Racine,Vladimir E. Romanovsky,Robert S. Stone,Douglas A. Stow,Matthew Sturm,Craig E. Tweedie,George L. Vourlitis,Marilyn D. Walker,Donald A. Walker,P. J. Webber,Jeffrey M. Welker,Kevin Winker,Kenji Yoshikawa +34 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a broad array of evidence that illustrates con- vincingly; the Arctic is undergoing a system-wide response to an altered climatic state.
Related Papers (5)
The evidence for shrub expansion in Northern Alaska and the Pan‐Arctic
Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: heterogeneity over space and time.
Sarah C. Elmendorf,Gregory H. R. Henry,Robert D. Hollister,Robert G. Björk,Anne D. Bjorkman,Terry V. Callaghan,Terry V. Callaghan,Laura Siegwart Collier,Elisabeth J. Cooper,Johannes H. C. Cornelissen,Thomas A. Day,Anna Maria Fosaa,William A. Gould,Jarngerdur Gretarsdottir,John Harte,Luise Hermanutz,David S. Hik,Annika Hofgaard,Frith C. Jarrad,Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir,Frida Keuper,Kari Klanderud,Julia A. Klein,Saewan Koh,Gaku Kudo,Simone I. Lang,Val Loewen,Jeremy L. May,Joel Mercado,Anders Michelsen,Ulf Molau,Isla H. Myers-Smith,Steven F. Oberbauer,Sara Pieper,Eric Post,Christian Rixen,Clare H. Robinson,Niels Martin Schmidt,Gaius R. Shaver,Anna Stenström,Anne Tolvanen,Ørjan Totland,Tiffany G. Troxler,Carl-Henrik Wahren,Patrick J. Webber,Jeffery M Welker,Philip A. Wookey +46 more
Climate change. Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic.
Plant community responses to experimental warming across the tundra biome
Marilyn D. Walker,C. Henrik Wahren,Robert D. Hollister,Greg H. R. Henry,Lorraine E. Ahlquist,Juha M. Alatalo,M. Syndonia Bret-Harte,Monika P. Calef,Terry V. Callaghan,Amy B Carroll,Howard E. Epstein,Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir,Julia A. Klein,Borgthor Magnusson,Ulf Molau,Steven F. Oberbauer,Steven P. Rewa,Clare H. Robinson,Gaius R. Shaver,Katharine N. Suding,Catharine C. Thompson,Anne Tolvanen,Ørjan Totland,P. Lee Turner,Craig E. Tweedie,P. J. Webber,Philip A. Wookey +26 more
Role of Land-Surface Changes in Arctic Summer Warming
F. S. Chapin,Matthew Sturm,Mark C. Serreze,Joe McFadden,Jeffrey R. Key,Andrea H. Lloyd,A. D. McGuire,T.S. Rupp,Amanda H. Lynch,Joshua P. Schimel,Jason Beringer,William L. Chapman,Howard E. Epstein,Eugénie S. Euskirchen,Larry D. Hinzman,Gensuo Jia,Chien-Lu Ping,Ken D. Tape,Catharine C. Thompson,Donald A. Walker,Jeffrey M. Welker +20 more