Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two dimensional cellular automaton
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In this article, a two-dimensional cellular automaton model is proposed to simulate pedestrian tra c c. It is a vmax = 1 model with exclusion statistics and parallel dynamics, and long-range interactions between the pedestrians are mediated by a so-called "oor #eld which modi4es the transition rates to neighbouring cells.Abstract:
We propose a two-dimensional cellular automaton model to simulate pedestrian tra.c. It is a vmax = 1 model with exclusion statistics and parallel dynamics. Long-range interactions between the pedestrians are mediated by a so-called "oor #eld which modi4es the transition rates to neighbouring cells. This 4eld, which can be discrete or continuous, is subject to di7usion and decay. Furthermore it can be modi4ed by the motion ofthe pedestrians. Theref ore, the model uses an idea similar to chemotaxis, but with pedestrians following a virtual rather than a chemical trace. Our main goal is to show that the introduction ofsuch a :oor 4eld is su.cient to model collective e7ects and self-organization encountered in pedestrian dynamics, e.g. lane formation in counter:ow through a large corridor. As an application we also present simulations ofthe evacuation ofa large room with reduced visibility, e.g. due to f ailure oflights or smoke. c 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.read more
Citations
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Statistical physics of social dynamics
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Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems
Dirk Helbing,Dirk Helbing +1 more
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Simulation of pedestrian crowds in normal and evacuation situations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the available literature in the field of pedestrian and evacuation research is given over the observed collective phenomena in pedestrian crowds, including lane formation in corridors and oscillations at bottlenecks in normal situations, while different kinds of blocked states are produced in panic situations.
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Simulation of evacuation processes using a bionics-inspired cellular automaton model for pedestrian dynamics
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Evacuation Dynamics: Empirical Results, Modeling and Applications
Andreas Schadschneider,Wolfram Klingsch,Hubert Kluepfel,Tobias Kretz,Christian Rogsch,Armin Seyfried +5 more
TL;DR: 1 Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat zu Koln, Germany as@thp.uni-koeln.de 2 Interdisziplinares Zentrum fur komplexe Systeme, Bonn, Germany
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Social Force Model for Pedestrian Dynamics
Dirk Helbing,Péter Molnár +1 more
TL;DR: Computer simulations of crowds of interacting pedestrians show that the social force model is capable of describing the self-organization of several observed collective effects of pedestrian behavior very realistically.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulating dynamical features of escape panic
TL;DR: A model of pedestrian behaviour is used to investigate the mechanisms of panic and jamming by uncoordinated motion in crowds, and an optimal strategy for escape from a smoke-filled room is found, involving a mixture of individualistic behaviour and collective ‘herding’ instinct.
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A cellular automaton model for freeway traffic
Kai Nagel,Michael Schreckenberg +1 more
TL;DR: A stochastic discrete automaton model is introduced to simulate freeway traffic and shows a transition from laminar traffic flow to start-stop- waves with increasing vehicle density, as is observed in real freeway traffic.
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Statistical physics of vehicular traffic and some related systems
TL;DR: In this paper, a critical review of particle-hopping models of vehicular traffic is presented, focusing on the results obtained mainly from the so-called "particle hopping" models, particularly emphasizing those formulated in recent years using the language of cellular automata.
Journal ArticleDOI
An exactly soluble non-equilibrium system : the asymmetric simple exclusion process
TL;DR: In this article, a number of exact results have been obtained recently for the one-dimensional asymmetric simple exclusion process, a model of particles which hop to their right at random times, on a 1D lattice, provided that the target site is empty.