Journal ArticleDOI
Sister-chromatid separation at anaphase onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1
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It is shown that Esp1 causes the dissociation of Scc1 from chromosomes by stimulating its cleavage by proteolysis, and a mutant SCC1 is described that is resistant to Esp1-dependent cleavage and which blocks both sister-chromatid separation and the dissociations from chromosomes.Abstract:
Cohesion between sister chromatids is established during DNA replication and depends on a multiprotein complex called cohesin Attachment of sister kinetochores to the mitotic spindle during mitosis generates forces that would immediately split sister chromatids were it not opposed by cohesion Cohesion is essential for the alignment of chromosomes in metaphase but must be abolished for sister separation to start during anaphase In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, loss of sister-chromatid cohesion depends on a separating protein (separin) called Esp1 and is accompanied by dissociation from the chromosomes of the cohesion subunit Scc1 Here we show that Esp1 causes the dissociation of Scc1 from chromosomes by stimulating its cleavage by proteolysis A mutant Scc1 is described that is resistant to Esp1-dependent cleavage and which blocks both sister-chromatid separation and the dissociation of Scc1 from chromosomes The evolutionary conservation of separins indicates that the proteolytic cleavage of cohesion proteins might be a general mechanism for triggering anaphaseread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Ubiquitin ligases: cell-cycle control and cancer
TL;DR: A better understanding of the ubiquitylation machinery will provide new insights into the regulatory biology of cell-cycle transitions and the development of anti-cancer drugs.
Journal ArticleDOI
The anaphase-promoting complex: proteolysis in mitosis and beyond.
TL;DR: Key events in mitosis such as sister chromatid separation and subsequent inactivation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 are regulated by ubiquitin- dependent proteolysis, mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cohesin: Its Roles and Mechanisms
Kim Nasmyth,Christian H. Haering +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that cohesin acts as a novel topological device that traps chromosomal DNA within a large tripartite ring formed by its core subunits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cleavage of Cohesin by the CD Clan Protease Separin Triggers Anaphase in Yeast
TL;DR: It is shown here that separin is a cysteine protease related to caspases that alone can cleave Sccl in vitro and depends on a conserved protein called separin for sister chromatid separation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disseminating the Genome: Joining, Resolving, and Separating Sister Chromatids During Mitosis and Meiosis
TL;DR: New research has identified proteins that hold sisters together while they are aligned on the metaphase plate and shed insight into the mechanisms that dissolve sister chromatid cohesion during both mitosis and meiosis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
New yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors constructed with in vitro mutagenized yeast genes lacking six-base pair restriction sites.
R D Gietz,A Sugino +1 more
TL;DR: The production of new alleles of the LEU2, URA3 and TRP1 genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by in vitro mutagenesis is described and a unique series of yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors derived from the plasmid pUC19 are constructed.
Book
Methods in yeast genetics : a Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory course manual
TL;DR: Experiments: looking at yeast cells isolation and characterization of auxotrophic, temperature-sensitive and UV-sensitive mutants meiotic mapping mitotic recombination and random spore analysis transformation of yeast synthetic lethal mutants gene replacement isolation of ras2 suppressors manipulating cell types isolating mutants by insertional mutagenesis two-hybrid protein interaction method.
Hidden Markov Models
TL;DR: 'Profiles' of protein structures and sequence alignments can detect subtle homologies and are beginning to appear in the fields of protein-structure prediction and large-scale genome-sequence analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cohesins: chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids
TL;DR: Three chromosmal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids in yeast are described, two of which are members of the SMC family, which are putative ATPases with coiled-coil domains.