Sliding Mode Observers Based Wind Speed Computation Method in Wind Energy Conversion Systems Control Applications
01 Dec 2018-
TL;DR: A new method for the computation of wind speed is proposed to avoid the presence of mechanical sensors like anemometer and speed encoders in the wind turbine control systems.
Abstract: Nacelle-top mounted anemometer gives wind velocity information pertaining to the surroundings of nacelle and this point wind velocity measurement may or may not be same as effective wind velocity which strikes the wind turbine rotor blades. In this paper, a new method for the computation of wind speed is proposed to avoid the presence of mechanical sensors like anemometer and speed encoders in the wind turbine control systems. Suitable sliding mode observers designed for the estimation of turbine rotor speed and aerodynamic torque. Effective wind velocity is computed by inverting the turbine’s aerodynamic model after estimating the turbine torque and its rotor speed. Design criterion and inequality constraints are discussed in detail while satisfying the Lyapunov inequality condition. The simulation studies confirm that the computed wind speed under variable wind flow conditions is converging with true wind speed. This proposed method can be used for maximum power extraction and various control algorithms’ implementations as well in wind energy conversion systems control applications.
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TL;DR: A new method is proposed for the computation of effective wind velocity by inverting the turbine's aerodynamic model after estimating the turbine torque and its rotor speed and can be used in various control algorithms in wind energy conversion systems.
Abstract: Point wind velocity measurement given by nacelle-top mounted sensor may not be same as effective wind velocity, which strikes the wind turbine rotor blades. This article proposes a new method for the computation of effective wind velocity by inverting the turbine's aerodynamic model after estimating the turbine torque and its rotor speed. Nonlinear control theory-based sliding mode observers are used to estimate the wind turbine generator induced speed emfs, rotor speed, and aerodynamic torque imparted to generator shaft. While satisfying the Lyapunov inequality condition, design aspects of sliding mode observers are discussed in detail. The performance of the proposed wind velocity estimation method is evaluated by using permanent magnet synchronous generator-based wind turbine emulator in laboratory. Simulation and experimental studies confirm that the estimated wind velocity under different wind profile conditions is accurate and can be used in various control algorithms in wind energy conversion systems.
43 citations
Cites background from "Sliding Mode Observers Based Wind S..."
...The authors have presented the preliminary stage simulation studies in [24] to prove the SMO-based wind velocity computation method....
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26 Aug 2021
TL;DR: Alokasi DG sumber energi terbarukan yang optimal mampu meminimalkan rugi daya aktif 11,8 kV dan daya reaktif 8,2 kVAr serta menaikkan profil tegangan di atas 0,95 pu pada bus under voltage.
Abstract: In the current situation, minimizing power loss in the distribution and transmission network is one of the research challenges. The distribution system has more losses than the transmission system. High power losses occur when loads connected to the distribution network are removed from the distribution substation. The optimal allocation for Distributed Generation (DG) renewable energy sources is one way to minimize distribution power loss and improve the distribution voltage profile. Inaccurate placement causes increased power losses, lowers the voltage profile and can adversely affect system performance. The Multi Verse Optimization (MVO) method is used to place DG renewable energy sources in the right location. In this work the MVO algorithm is implemented to optimize the location and type of DG for renewable energy sources. The implementation of the MVO algorithm was tested on the IEEE 33 bus radial distribution system. The results obtained indicate that the use of the MVO algorithm method for the optimal allocation of renewable DG is able to minimize power losses and increase the voltage profile.
Cites background from "Sliding Mode Observers Based Wind S..."
...Diketahui bahwa daya keluaran PV umumnya bervariasi oleh iradiasi [1]–[4], sedangkan daya keluaran turbin angin bervariasi berdasarkan kecepatan angin [5]–[8]....
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References
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TL;DR: An overview of the structures for the DPGS based on fuel cell, photovoltaic, and wind turbines is given and the possibility of compensation for low-order harmonics is discussed.
Abstract: Renewable energy sources like wind, sun, and hydro are seen as a reliable alternative to the traditional energy sources such as oil, natural gas, or coal. Distributed power generation systems (DPGSs) based on renewable energy sources experience a large development worldwide, with Germany, Denmark, Japan, and USA as leaders in the development in this field. Due to the increasing number of DPGSs connected to the utility network, new and stricter standards in respect to power quality, safe running, and islanding protection are issued. As a consequence, the control of distributed generation systems should be improved to meet the requirements for grid interconnection. This paper gives an overview of the structures for the DPGS based on fuel cell, photovoltaic, and wind turbines. In addition, control structures of the grid-side converter are presented, and the possibility of compensation for low-order harmonics is also discussed. Moreover, control strategies when running on grid faults are treated. This paper ends up with an overview of synchronization methods and a discussion about their importance in the control
4,655 citations
Additional excerpts
...where θ̂e is PLL’s estimated rotor position angle [18]....
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Book•
27 Aug 1998
TL;DR: This text provides the reader with a grounding in sliding mode control and is appropriate for the graduate with a basic knowledge of classical control theory and some knowledge of state-space methods.
Abstract: In the formation of any control problem there will be discrepancies between the actual plant and the mathematical model for controller design. Sliding mode control theory seeks to produce controllers to over some such mismatches. This text provides the reader with a grounding in sliding mode control and is appropriate for the graduate with a basic knowledge of classical control theory and some knowledge of state-space methods. From this basis, more advanced theoretical results are developed. Two industrial case studies, which present the results of sliding mode controller implementations, are used to illustrate the successful practical application theory.
3,355 citations
"Sliding Mode Observers Based Wind S..." refers background in this paper
...In linear and non-linear system control applications, variable structure control principles based sliding mode control has been proven to control the system by ignoring the system disturbances and parameter variations [10], [11]....
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TL;DR: Starting with the basic assumption of no saturation or hysteresis, and with distribution of armature phase m.
Abstract: Starting with the basic assumption of no saturation or hysteresis, and with distribution of armature phase m. m. f. effectively sinusoidal as far as regards phenomena dependent upon rotor position, general formulas are developed for current, voltage, power, and torque under steady and transient load conditions. Special detailed formulas are also developed which permit the determination of current and torque on three-phase short circuit, during starting, and when only small deviations from an average operating angle are involved. In addition, new and more accurate equivalent circuits are developed for synchronous and asynchronous machines operating in parallel, and the domain of validity of such circuits is established. Throughout, the treatment has been generalized to include salient poles and an arbitrary number of rotor circuits. The analysis is thus adapted to machines equipped with field pole collars, or with amortisseur windings of any arbitrary construction. It is proposed to continue the analysis in a subsequent paper.
1,114 citations
"Sliding Mode Observers Based Wind S..." refers methods in this paper
...Synchronous Reference Frame Phase Locked Loop Design The estimated speed emfs in (α− β) stationary reference frame are transformed to (d− q) rotating frame by using Park transformation [17],...
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Book•
29 Jan 2002TL;DR: An overview of classical sliding mode control differential inclusions and sliding modeControl high-order sliding modes sliding mode observers dynamic sliding mode Control and output feedback sliding modes, passivity, andflatness stability and stabilization discretization issues.
Abstract: 1. Introduction: An Overview of Classical Sliding Mode Control 2. Differential Inclusions and Sliding Mode Control 3. Higher-Order Sliding Modes 4. Sliding Mode Observers 5. Dynamic Sliding Mode Control and Output Feedback 6. Sliding Modes, Passivity, and Flatness 7. Stability and Stabilization 8. Discretization Issues 9. Adaptive and Sliding Mode Control 10. Steady Modes in Relay Systems with Delay 11. Sliding Mode Control for Systems with Time Delay 12. Sliding Mode Control of Infinite-Dimensional Systems 13. Application of Sliding Mode Control to Robotic Systems 14. Sliding Modes Control of the Induction Motor: A Benchmark Experimental Test
1,079 citations
"Sliding Mode Observers Based Wind S..." refers background in this paper
...TURBINE’S AERODYNAMIC TORQUE ESTIMATION USING SLIDING MODE OBSERVERS Sliding mode observers are proven to be effective for the finite time convergence for all the observable systems [10]....
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...In linear and non-linear system control applications, variable structure control principles based sliding mode control has been proven to control the system by ignoring the system disturbances and parameter variations [10], [11]....
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TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that stability of zero dynamics should be taken into account when the regular form consists of blocks of second-order equations, and new theoretical methods are developed in the context of these studies: sliding made nonlinear observers, observers with binary measurements, parameter estimation in systems with sliding mode control.
Abstract: The first sliding mode control application may be found in the papers back in the 1930s in Russia. With its versatile yet simple design procedure the methodology is proven to be one of the most powerful solutions for many practical control designs. For the sake of demonstration this paper is oriented towards application aspects of sliding mode control methodology. First the design approach based on the regularization is generalized for mechanical systems. It is shown that stability of zero dynamics should be taken into account when the regular form consists of blocks of second-order equations. Majority of applications in the paper are related to control and estimation methods of automotive industry. New theoretical methods are developed in the context of these studies: sliding made nonlinear observers, observers with binary
measurements, parameter estimation in systems with sliding mode control.
1,061 citations