Smart Parking System Based on Embedded System and Sensor Network
15 Apr 2016-International Journal of Computer Applications (Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA)-Vol. 140, Iss: 12, pp 45-51
TL;DR: The design and implementation with a prototype of Reservation-based Smart Parking System (RSPS) that permits drivers to effectively locate and withhold the vacant parking spaces in mentioned and has the potential to smoothen the operations of parking systems, as well as mitigate traffic congestion caused by searching for parking.
Abstract: Locating a parking space in central city areas, especially during the peak hours, is cumbersome for drivers. The issue arises from not having the knowledge of where the available spaces may be at the time, even if known, many vehicles may seek very limited parking spaces to cause severe traffic congestion. In this paper the design and implementation with a prototype of Reservation-based Smart Parking System (RSPS) that permits drivers to effectively locate and withhold the vacant parking spaces in mentioned. This system use cluster based algorithm which helps in periodically learning the parking status from the sensor networks deployed in parking spaces, the reservation service is influenced by the change of parking status. The drivers are allowed to access this said cyber-physical system with their personal communication devices. The system implemented is cost efficient smart parking system for multi-level parking facility using WSN (IR Sensor) and develop an android based application, by cluster based allocation method and performs automatic billing process. The system monitors the availability of idle parking slots and guides the vehicle to the nearest free slot. Cost is minimized by keeping the number of sensors low without sacrificing the reliability. Energy consumption of each mote is kept in check by allowing the systems to sleep periodically and by reducing their communication range. This system‟s reservation-based parking policy has the potential to smoothen the operations of parking systems, as well as mitigate traffic congestion caused by searching for parking.
Citations
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10 Jul 2017
TL;DR: This paper reviews the current IoT approaches and concepts related to Smart Cities and Smart Mobility and analyzes distinct features and numerous applications covering both Intelligent Transportation and Real Time Traffic Management Systems.
Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) describes a world where everyday objects are always connected to the Internet, allowing them to communicate and interact with each other. By connecting these everyday objects to the Internet and making them available everywhere at any time, IoT allows to remotely monitor, manage, and gather status information about them and their surrounding environment. IoT is a revolutionary concept that brought new experiences to everyday life and enabled Smart City initiatives all over the world. These initiatives are using a combination of technology paired with physical infrastructure and services, to improve people's quality of life. One of the high-priority domain to support the Smart City's vision is the field of Smart Mobility. This paper reviews the current IoT approaches and concepts related to Smart Cities and Smart Mobility. In addition, it analyzes distinct features and numerous applications covering both Intelligent Transportation and Real Time Traffic Management Systems.
58 citations
Cites methods from "Smart Parking System Based on Embed..."
...[34] implemented a cost-efficient Smart Parking system for multi-level parking facility using Wireless Sensor Networks (IR Sensor) and developed an Android based application....
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01 Jun 2021
TL;DR: An IoT Raspberry Pi-based parking management system (IoT-PiPMS) to help staff/students to easily find available parking spots with real-time vision and GPS coordinates, all by means of a smartphone application.
Abstract: Parking slots have become a widespread problem in urban development. In this context, the growth of vehicles inside the university's campus is rapidly outpacing the available parking spots for students and staff as well. This issue can be mitigated by the introduction of parking management for the smart campus which targets to assist individually match drivers to vacant parking slots, saving time, enhance parking space utilization, decrease management costs, and alleviate traffic congestion. This paper develops an IoT Raspberry Pi-based parking management system (IoT-PiPMS) to help staff/students to easily find available parking spots with real-time vision and GPS coordinates, all by means of a smartphone application. Our system composes of Raspberry Pi 4 B+ (RPi) embedded computer, Pi camera module, GPS sensor, and ultrasonic sensors. In the IoT-PiPMS, RPi 4 B+ is used to gather and process data input from the sensors/camera, and the data is uploaded via Wi-Fi to the Blynk IoT server. Ultrasonic sensors and LEDs are exploited to detect the occupancy of the parking spots with the support of the Pi camera to ensure data accuracy. Besides, the GPS module is installed in the system to guide drivers to locate parking areas through the Blynk App. that discovers parking spaces availability over the Internet. The system prototype is fabricated and tested practically to prove its functionality and applicability. According to the results, the IoT-PiPMS can effectively monitor the occupancy of outdoor parking spaces in the smart campus environment, and its potency in terms of updating the data to the IoT server in real-time is also validated..
18 citations
TL;DR: A smart web application is designed, with which the SVPS system’s registered users are able to access all the services provided for smart vehicle parking searching and reservation in efficient and reliable ways, and the overall information is easily accessible using smart devices.
Abstract: This study takes an intuitive step to develop the user-convenient smart vehicle parking system (SVPS), a smart system able to manage the massive crowd of vehicles during parking searching and do the better jobs of parking reservation and management, with the shorter-path processing tactics. For that, this study inclusively employed the mapping strategy, where the system parking points are prevalent, to assist the users to get the parking information fast and conveniently. This study is comprised of the several parking points systematically spread over the several locations and traceable over the available graphical map, and the overall information is easily accessible using smart devices. For parking information, a smart web application which is another important module of this study is designed, with which the SVPS system’s registered users are able to access all the services provided for smart vehicle parking searching and reservation in efficient and reliable ways. An integrated network approach, RFID (radio frequency identification) and wireless sensors network (WSN), called RF-WSN, is employed to retrieve the real-time information from the installed and configured sensor devices in RFID-WSN network.
17 citations
01 Aug 2018
TL;DR: The challenges and the issues faced by smart parking system, which has been implemented in subsequent years are explored and the solution can improve the quality of the system for greater purpose in the future is addressed.
Abstract: The parking process is common attempt to eliminate traffic in the road by providing certain spot for vehicle to stay for certain time. Considering the increase of amount of population, large parking area horizontally or vertically is not necessary proper solution because it requires enormous expenses to acquire vacant land or to construct high-rise building. Therefore, smart parking system is one solution to provide information on the availability of vacant parking locations efficiently and conduct identification and transaction process quickly. Telkom University has been adopted this system by using physical card with RFID built-in for handling, convenience and security purposes since October 2014. Even though, it deliver an easy way for verification and validation but some problem occurred that raise several complaints from student and staff. This study has objective to explore the challenges and to addresses the issues faced by smart parking system, which has been implemented in subsequent years. By identifying the solution, it can improve the quality of the system for greater purpose in the future.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a new framework for solving the problem of parking lot allocation, which emphasizes the equitable allocation of people based on the overall count of people in each parking space.
Abstract: Recently, various advanced technologies have been employed to build smart cities. Smart cities aim at improving the quality of life through the delivery of better services. One of the current services that are essential for any smart city, is the availability of enough parking spaces to ensure smooth and easy traffic flow. This research proposes a new framework for solving the problem of parking lot allocation, which emphasizes the equitable allocation of people based on the overall count of people in each parking space. The allocation process is performed while considering the available parking lots in each parking space. To accomplish the desired goal, this research will develop a set of seven algorithms to reduce the gap in the number of people between parking spaces. Many experiments carried out on 2430 different cases to cover several aspects such as the execution time and the gap calculations, were used to explore the performance of the developed algorithm. Analyzing the obtained results indicates a good performance behavior of the developed algorithms. Also, it shows that the developed algorithms can solve the studied problem in terms of gap and time calculations. The MR algorithm gained excellent performance results compared to one of the best algorithms in the literature. The MR algorithm has a percentage of 96.1 %, an average gap of 0.02, and a good execution time of 0.007 s.
12 citations
References
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01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: This document gives the motivation for the ZigBee alliance and explains the physical, medium access and routing layers of ZigBee.
Abstract: This document gives the motivation for the ZigBee alliance and explains the physical, medium access and routing layers of ZigBee.
311 citations
TL;DR: Compared with uncontrolled parking processes or state-of-the-art guidance-based systems, this system reduces the average time to find a parking space and the parking cost, whereas the overall parking capacity is more efficiently utilized.
Abstract: We propose a novel “smart parking” system for an urban environment. The system assigns and reserves an optimal parking space based on the driver's cost function that combines proximity to destination and parking cost. Our approach solves a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem at each decision point defined in a time-driven sequence. The solution of each MILP is an optimal allocation based on current state information and is updated at the next decision point with a guarantee that there is no resource reservation conflict and that no driver is ever assigned a resource with a cost function higher than this driver's current cost function value. Based on simulation results, compared with uncontrolled parking processes or state-of-the-art guidance-based systems, our system reduces the average time to find a parking space and the parking cost, whereas the overall parking capacity is more efficiently utilized. We also describe full implementation in a garage to test this system, where a new light system scheme is proposed to guarantee user reservations.
262 citations
10 Apr 2011
TL;DR: The experiment results show that the proposed reservation-based parking policy has the potential to simplify the operations of parking systems, as well as alleviate traffic congestion caused by parking searching.
Abstract: Finding a parking space in most metropolitan areas, especially during the rush hours, is difficult for drivers. The difficulty arises from not knowing where the available spaces may be at that time; even if known, many vehicles may pursue very limited parking spaces to cause serious traffic congestion. In this paper, we design and implement a prototype of Reservation-based Smart Parking System (RSPS) that allows drivers to effectively find and reserve the vacant parking spaces. By periodically learning the parking status from the sensor networks deployed in parking lots, the reservation service is affected by the change of physical parking status. The drivers are allowed to access this cyber-physical system with their personal communication devices. Furthermore, we study state-of-the-art parking policies in smart parking systems and compare their performance. The experiment results show that the proposed reservation-based parking policy has the potential to simplify the operations of parking systems, as well as alleviate traffic congestion caused by parking searching.
213 citations
TL;DR: An intelligent system for parking space detection based on image processing technique that captures and processes the rounded image drawn at parking lot and produces the information of the empty car parking spaces is presented.
Abstract: This paper aims to present an intelligent system for parking space detection based on image processing technique. The proposed system captures and processes the rounded image drawn at parking lot and produces the information of the empty car parking spaces. In this work, a camera is used as a sensor to take photos to show the occupancy of car parks. The reason why a camera is used is because with an image it can detect the presence of many cars at once. Also, the camera can be easily moved to detect different car parking lots. By having this image, the particular car parks vacant can be known and then the processed information was used to guide a driver to an available car park rather than wasting time to find one. The proposed system has been developed in both software and hardware platform. An automatic parking system is used to make the whole process of parking cars more efficient and less complex for both drivers and administrators.
94 citations
TL;DR: Algorithm technology based method for license plate extraction from car images followed by the segmentation of characters and reorganization is presented and also electronics parking fee collection system based on number plate information is developed.
Abstract: This paper discussed on automatic parking system
and electronic parking fee collection based on vehicle number
plate recognition. The aim of this research is to develop and
implement an automatic parking system that will increase
convenience and security of the public parking lot as well as
collecting parking fee without hassles of using magnetic card.
The auto parking system will able to have less interaction of
humans and use no magnetic card and its devices. In additions
to that, it has parking guidance system that can show and guide
user towards a parking space. The system used image
processing of recognizing number plates for operation of
parking and billing system. Overall, the systems run with
pre-programmed controller to make minimum human
involvement in parking system and ensure access control in
restricted places. This paper presents algorithm technology
based method for license plate extraction from car images
followed by the segmentation of characters and reorganization
and also develop electronics parking fee collection system based
on number plate information.
77 citations