‘Social Capital’ and its Significance in Reimagining Chindia
TL;DR: In this paper, the idea of generating social capital at the dyadic level is introduced and the need to re-imagine the neologism of Chindia is discussed.
Abstract: Introduction Writings on India–China relations in recent years are increasingly seen to be imputing Machiavellian realism to the political and, increasingly, economic sphere of interaction. The purpose of this article is to provide an alternate paradigmatic optic to view India–China relations. The article introduces the idea of the need for generating ‘social capital’ at the dyadic level, and the need to re-imagine the neologism of Chindia. It identifies new and existing sources of ‘trust’ and ‘trustworthiness’ that need to be fully explored through this paradigmatic optic in order to widen the existing radius of formal institutional relationship.
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7 citations
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: The first segment of this study laid out the policy shifts that have occurred in the context of Cross-Strait ties, specifically outlining the economic and political circumstances that the post-ECFAECFA ecosystem could present to Taiwan as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The first segment of this study laid out the policy shifts that have occurred in the context of Cross-Strait ties, specifically outlining the economic and political circumstances that the post-ECFAECFA ecosystem could present to Taiwan. As discussed earlier, it is hoped that normalization of relations between Taiwan and Mainland China would set the stage for more trade liberalization agreements with other trading partners—and not be limited to an ECFA-only framework.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used indicators of trust and civic norms from the World Values Surveys for a sample of 29 market economies and found that membership in formal groups is not associated with trust or with improved economic performance.
Abstract: This paper presents evidence that "social capital" matters for measurable economic performance, using indicators of trust and civic norms from the World Values Surveys for a sample of 29 market economies. Memberships in formal groups—Putnam's measure of social capital—is not associated with trust or with improved economic performance. We find trust and civic norms are stronger in nations with higher and more equal incomes, with institutions that restrain predatory actions of chief executives, and with better-educated and ethnically homogeneous populations.
6,894 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The seasons change; and both of us lose our harvests for want of mutual confidence and security as discussed by the authors... I will not, therefore, take any pains upon your account; and should I labour with you upon my own account, in expectation of a return, I know I should be disappointed, and that I should in vain depend upon your gratitude.
Abstract: Your corn is ripe today; mine will be so tomorrow. ‘Tis profitable for us both, that I should labour with you today, and that you should aid me tomorrow. I have no kindness for you, and know you have as little for me. I will not, therefore, take any pains upon your account; and should I labour with you upon my own account, in expectation of a return, I know I should be disappointed, and that I should in vain depend upon your gratitude. Here then I leave you to labour alone; You treat me in the same manner. The seasons change; and both of us lose our harvests for want of mutual confidence and security.
4,368 citations
TL;DR: Social capital is an instantiated informal norm that promotes co-operation between individuals as mentioned in this paper, which is a byproduct of religion, tradition, shared historical experience and other types of cultural norms.
Abstract: Social capital is an instantiated informal norm that promotes co-operation between individuals. In the economic sphere it reduces transaction costs and in the political sphere it promotes the kind of associational life which is necessary for the success of limited government and modern democracy. While it often arises from iterated Prisoner's Dilemma games, it also is a byproduct of religion, tradition, shared historical experience and other types of cultural norms. Thus, while awareness of social capital is often critical for understanding development, it is difficult to generate through public policy.
1,671 citations
TL;DR: Social capital is an instantiated informal norm that promotes cooperation between individuals as mentioned in this paper, which is a byproduct of religion, tradition, shared historical experience, and other types of cultural norms.
Abstract: Social capital is an instantiated informal norm that promotes cooperation between individuals. In the economic sphere it reduces transaction costs, and in the political sphere it promotes the kind of associational life that is necessary for the success of limited government and modern democracy. Although social capital often arises from iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma games, it also is a byproduct of religion, tradition, shared historical experience, and other types of cultural norms. Thus whereas awareness of social capital is often critical for understanding development, it is difficult to generate through public policy.
449 citations
TL;DR: Social capital refers to people's ability to work together in groups as discussed by the authors and is defined as any instance in which people cooperate for common ends on the basis of shared informal norms and values.
Abstract: T article addresses the concept of social capital: in particular, where social capital stands today, how it interacts with other factors in international development, and how it will contribute to economic growth and poverty alleviation in the future. The term “social capital” reentered the social science lexicon in the 1980s. According to sociologist James Coleman, social capital refers to people’s ability to work together in groups. I prefer to define the concept more broadly to include any instance in which people cooperate for common ends on the basis of shared informal norms and values. Furthermore, many now regard social capital as a key ingredient in both economic development and stable liberal democracy. Over the past decade, most research on social capital and its relationship with economic development has been conceptual, focusing on its definition, where it comes from, and how it functions. Future research, however, should move away from historical cases to a more pragmatic agenda, examining issues such as where social capital has successfully been created; the legal and institutional conditions that underpin its growth; its correlation to political corruption; and the impact of cultural changes (such as religious conversions) on social capital. First, we need to understand how social capital fits into the broader development agenda.
436 citations