Social categorization and the self-concept: A social cognitive theory of group behavior.
01 Jan 2010-
About: The article was published on 2010-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1493 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Social cognition & Social group.
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TL;DR: Results showed the importance of social identity in predicting collective action by supporting SIMCA's key predictions that affective injustice and politicized identity produced stronger effects than those of non-affective injustice and non-politicized identity.
Abstract: An integrative social identity model of collective action (SIMCA) is developed that incorporates 3 socio-psychological perspectives on collective action. Three meta-analyses synthesized a total of 182 effects of perceived injustice, efficacy, and identity on collective action (corresponding to these socio-psychological perspectives). Results showed that, in isolation, all 3 predictors had medium-sized (and causal) effects. Moreover, results showed the importance of social identity in predicting collective action by supporting SIMCA's key predictions that (a) affective injustice and politicized identity produced stronger effects than those of non-affective injustice and non-politicized identity; (b) identity predicted collective action against both incidental and structural disadvantages, whereas injustice and efficacy predicted collective action against incidental disadvantages better than against structural disadvantages; (c) all 3 predictors had unique medium-sized effects on collective action when controlling for between-predictor covariance; and (d) identity bridged the injustice and efficacy explanations of collective action. Results also showed more support for SIMCA than for alternative models reflecting previous attempts at theoretical integration. The authors discuss key implications for theory, practice, future research, and further integration of social and psychological perspectives on collective action.
1,744 citations
Cites background from "Social categorization and the self-..."
...…centrality is most explored within self-categorization theory (i.e., in its analysis of the consequences of social identity salience; see J. C. Turner, 1985; J. C. Turner et al., 1987), and identification has become more central in work on SIT (where the emphasis tends to be on measures of…...
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TL;DR: This paper found that participants are significantly more likely to choose social welfare-maximizing actions when matched with an ingroup member when compared to when they are matched with a non-group identity.
Abstract: We present a laboratory experiment that measures the effects of induced group identity on social preferences. We find that when participants are matched with an ingroup member, they show a 47 percent increase in charity concerns and a 93 percent decrease in envy. Likewise, participants are 19 percent more likely to reward an ingroup match for good behavior, but 13 percent less likely to punish an ingroup match for misbehavior. Furthermore, participants are significantly more likely to choose social-welfare-maximizing actions when matched with an ingroup member. All results are consistent with the hypothesis that participants are more altruistic toward an ingroup match. (
1,360 citations
Cites background from "Social categorization and the self-..."
...…behavioral principles include maximizing the average payoffs of ingroup members (Brewer and Silver 2000), maximizing inter-group differences (Tajfel and Turner 1986), and the metacontrast principle (Turner 1985), i.e., maximizing inter-group differences and minimizing intragroup differences....
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...In this section, we review the social identity literature in social psychology and experimental economics respectively....
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TL;DR: In this paper, a model of intersectional invisibility is developed and evidence from historical narratives, cultural representations, interest-group politics, and anti-discrimination legal frameworks is used to illustrate its utility.
Abstract: The hypothesis that possessing multiple subordinate-group identities renders a person “invisible” relative to those with a single subordinate-group identity is developed. We propose that androcentric, ethnocentric, and heterocentric ideologies will cause people who have multiple subordinate-group identities to be defined as non-prototypical members of their respective identity groups. Because people with multiple subordinate-group identities (e.g., ethnic minority woman) do not fit the prototypes of their respective identity groups (e.g., ethnic minorities, women), they will experience what we have termed “intersectional invisibility.” In this article, our model of intersectional invisibility is developed and evidence from historical narratives, cultural representations, interest-group politics, and anti-discrimination legal frameworks is used to illustrate its utility. Implications for social psychological theory and research are discussed.
1,065 citations
Cites background from "Social categorization and the self-..."
...However, it is important to recognize that prototypicality is a mutable quality of social categories that varies depending on the immediate context (Haslam et al. 1995; Turner 1985)....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the relationship between social identity and symptom appraisal and response, health-related norms and behaviour, social support, coping, and clinical outcomes, and point out the capacity for a social identity approach to enrich academic understanding in these areas and to play a key role in shaping healthrelated policy and practice.
Abstract: The social environment comprising communities, families, neighbourhoods, work teams, and various other forms of social group is not simply an external feature of the world that provides a context for individual behaviour. Instead these groups impact on the psychology of individuals through their capacity to be internalised as part of a person’s social identity. If groups provide individuals with a sense of meaning, purpose, and belonging (i.e. a positive sense of social identity) they tend to have positive psychological consequences. The impact of these identity processes on health and well-being is explored in the contributions to this special issue. In this editorial, we discuss these contributions in light of five central themes that have emerged from research to date. These themes address the relationship between social identity and (a) symptom appraisal and response, (b) health-related norms and behaviour, (c) social support, (d) coping, and (e) clinical outcomes. The special issue as a whole points to the capacity for a social identity approach to enrich academic understanding in these areas and to play a key role in shaping health-related policy and practice.
991 citations
TL;DR: For instance, this paper reviewed the research that has tried to quantify the relevance of these factors in explaining gender differences in labor market outcomes outside of the laboratory setting and described the relationship between social and gender identity norms and women’s labor market choices and outcomes.
Abstract: Psychological and socio-psychological factors are now more commonly discussed as possible explanations for gender differences in labor market outcomes. We first describe the (mainly) laboratory-based evidence regarding gender differences in risk preferences, in attitudes towards competition, in the strength of other-regarding preferences, and in attitudes towards negotiation. We then review the research that has tried to quantify the relevance of these factors in explaining gender differences in labor market outcomes outside of the laboratory setting. We also describe recent research on the relationship between social and gender identity norms and women’s labor market choices and outcomes, as well as on the role of child-rearing practices in explaining gender identity norms. Finally, we report on some recent work documenting puzzling trends in women’s well-being and discuss possible explanations for these trends, including identity considerations. We conclude with suggestions for future research.
756 citations