Social isolation: Social isolation
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Evidence from human and nonhuman animal studies indicates that isolation heightens sensitivity to social threats (predator evasion) and motivates the renewal of social connections.Abstract:
Social species, by definition, form organizations that extend beyond the individual. These structures evolved hand in hand with behavioral, neural, hormonal, cellular, and genetic mechanisms to support them because the consequent social behaviors helped these organisms survive, reproduce, and care for offspring sufficiently long that they too reproduced. Social isolation represents a lens through which to investigate these behavioral, neural, hormonal, cellular, and genetic mechanisms. Evidence from human and nonhuman animal studies indicates that isolation heightens sensitivity to social threats (predator evasion) and motivates the renewal of social connections. The effects of perceived isolation in humans share much in common with the effects of experimental manipulations of isolation in nonhuman social species: increased tonic sympathetic tonus and HPA activation; and decreased inflammatory control, immunity, sleep salubrity, and expression of genes regulating glucocorticoid responses. Together, these effects contribute to higher rates of morbidity and mortality in older adults.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Facebook use predicts declines in subjective well-being in young adults.
Ethan Kross,Philippe Verduyn,Emre Demiralp,Jiyoung Park,David Lee,Natalie J Lin,Holly Shablack,John Jonides,Oscar Ybarra +8 more
TL;DR: Experience-sampling results suggest that Facebook may undermine well-being, rather than enhancing it, as Facebook use predicts negative shifts on both of these variables over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Loneliness in older persons: a predictor of functional decline and death.
TL;DR: Among participants who were older than 60 years, loneliness was a predictor of functional decline and death, and was associated with all outcome measures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social Relationships and Health: The Toxic Effects of Perceived Social Isolation
TL;DR: Evidence indicates that loneliness heightens sensitivity to social threats and motivates the renewal of social connections, but it can also impair executive functioning, sleep, and mental and physical well-being, which contribute to higher rates of morbidity and mortality in lonely older adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolutionary Mechanisms for Loneliness
TL;DR: Evidence on the heritability of lonelyness is reviewed and an evolutionary theory of loneliness is outlined, with an emphasis on its potential adaptive value in an evolutionary timescale.
Journal ArticleDOI
Core networks, social isolation, and new media: how internet and mobile phone use is related to network size and diversity
TL;DR: This study reports on the findings of a 2008 survey that replicates and expands on the GSS network methodology to explore the relationship between the use of new technologies and the size and diversity of core networks and argues that specific social media provide for a ‘pervasive awareness’ within personal networks that has increased the specialization of close ties.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Social relationships and health.
TL;DR: Experimental and quasi-experimental studies suggest that social isolation is a major risk factor for mortality from widely varying causes and the mechanisms through which social relationships affect health remain to be explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review
TL;DR: In a meta-analysis, Julianne Holt-Lunstad and colleagues find that individuals' social relationships have as much influence on mortality risk as other well-established risk factors for mortality, such as smoking.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does Rejection Hurt? An fMRI Study of Social Exclusion
Naomi I. Eisenberger,Naomi I. Eisenberger,Matthew D. Lieberman,Matthew D. Lieberman,Kipling D. Williams,Kipling D. Williams +5 more
TL;DR: A neuroimaging study examined the neural correlates of social exclusion and tested the hypothesis that the brain bases of social pain are similar to those of physical pain, suggesting that RVPFC regulates the distress of socialclusion by disrupting ACC activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Social Support and Health: A Review of Physiological Processes Potentially Underlying Links to Disease Outcomes
TL;DR: Evidence linking social support to changes in cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and immune function and related to more positive “biological profiles” across these disease-relevant systems is examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.
TL;DR: It is suggested that loneliness and depressive symptomatology can act in a synergistic effect to diminish well-being in middle-aged and older adults.