Soil contamination by phthalate esters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with different modes of use of plastic film.
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859 citations
Cites background from "Soil contamination by phthalate est..."
...However, contaminated mulches aremostly unsuitable for landfilling due to the risk of pesticide leaching (Garthe, 2004;Wang et al., 2013)....
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...While typical background concentrations of PAE in soil vary between 0.2 and 33.6 mg kg−1 (Zeng et al., 2008), PAE levels in plastic mulches were detected in ranges from 50 to 120 mg kg−1 (Wang et al., 2013)....
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...…a connection between plastic mulch application and elevated PAE concentrations in soil or plants is not trivial since agrochemicals, wastewater irrigation and atmospheric background concentrations represent further potential PAE sources (Hongjun et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2013; He et al., 2014)....
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...Among typical PE mulch additives, plasticising agents from the group of phthalic acid esters (PAE) with its model compound bis(2ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) belong to the most discussed soil contaminants (Fu and Du, 2011; Magdouli et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2013)....
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842 citations
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Cites background from "Soil contamination by phthalate est..."
...25 million tonnes which has contributed to the accumulation of microplastic in farmland (Yearbook, 2012; Wang et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2014)....
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...32 to 1.25 million tonnes which has contributed to the accumulation of microplastic in farmland (Yearbook, 2012; Wang et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2014)....
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407 citations
References
641 citations
"Soil contamination by phthalate est..." refers background in this paper
...Human Leydig cell development and function may be vulnerable and incomplete virilization in infant boys due to perinatal exposure to some phthalates (Main et al., 2006)....
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...The pattern of distribution of each PAE was in agreement with those in suburban vegetable soils (Kong et al., 2012) and in water (Xie et al., 2007), sediments (Srivastava et al., 2010), atmospheric particles (Ma et al., 2003) and biota (Adibi et al., 2003; Main et al., 2006)....
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299 citations
282 citations
"Soil contamination by phthalate est..." refers background or result in this paper
...Larger amounts of PAEs may have been released from plastic films and some widely-used fertilizers leading to elevated PAEs in the soils (Cai et al., 2008)....
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...The concentrations of DnBP and DEHP in plastic film greenhouse and polytunnel soils may been influenced by differences in the use of irrigation, fertilizers and plastic film as well as meteorological conditions and external pollutant sources (Mo et al., 2008; Cai et al., 2008; Kong et al., 2012)....
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...Larger amounts of PAEs may have been released from plastic films and some widely-used fertilizers leading to elevated PAEs in the soils (Cai et al., 2008)....
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...This result is in accord with the PAE components in vegetable soils, and the different sources of PAEs may reflect the difference in soil PAE profiles (Cai et al., 2008)....
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...PAEs are among the most abundant semi-volatile organic chemicals found in Chinese soils (Cai et al., 2008)....
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273 citations
"Soil contamination by phthalate est..." refers background in this paper
...Moreover, inhalation of substantial amounts of phthalates or their metabolites by women during pregnancy can result in abortion (Adibi et al., 2003)....
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...The pattern of distribution of each PAE was in agreement with those in suburban vegetable soils (Kong et al., 2012) and in water (Xie et al., 2007), sediments (Srivastava et al., 2010), atmospheric particles (Ma et al., 2003) and biota (Adibi et al., 2003; Main et al., 2006)....
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259 citations
"Soil contamination by phthalate est..." refers background in this paper
...DnBP, DEHP, butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and diheptyl phthalate have endocrine disruptive effects in vivo (Hens and Caballos, 2003)....
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..., 2008) and also from emission sources from the polymer industry and the production of vinyl flooring, synthetic leather, inks, adhesives and food products (Hens and Caballos, 2003; Kong et al., 2012)....
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...…may have been derived from fertilizers, sediments and plastic film (Cai et al., 2007; Mo et al., 2008) and also from emission sources from the polymer industry and the production of vinyl flooring, synthetic leather, inks, adhesives and food products (Hens and Caballos, 2003; Kong et al., 2012)....
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...The concentrations of PAEs in finished plastic products are in the range 10e60% by weight (Hens and Caballos, 2003)....
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...Longer/branching alkyl chain PAEs such as DnBP, BBP, DnOP and DEHP have been widely used as plasticizers in the polymer industry to increase the flexibility, workability and general handling properties of plastics and about 80% of all phthalates are used for this purpose (Hens and Caballos, 2003; Zeng et al., 2008, 2009)....
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