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Journal ArticleDOI

Soliton-effect compression of supercontinuum to few-cycle durations in photonic nanowires

05 Sep 2005-Optics Express (Optical Society of America)-Vol. 13, Iss: 18, pp 6848-6855
TL;DR: By exploiting the broad region of anomalous group-velocity dispersion and the large e.ective nonlinearity of photonic nanowires, soliton-e.ect self-compression of 70-fs pulses down to 6.8 fs is demonstrated.
Abstract: By exploiting the broad region of anomalous group-velocity dispersion (GVD) and the large effective nonlinearity of photonic nanowires, we demonstrate soliton-effect self-compression of 70-fs pulses down to 6.8 fs. Under suitable conditions, simulations predict that self-compression down to single-cycle duration is possible.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
04 Oct 2006
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of numerical and experimental studies of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber is presented over the full range of experimentally reported parameters, from the femtosecond to the continuous-wave regime.
Abstract: A topical review of numerical and experimental studies of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fiber is presented over the full range of experimentally reported parameters, from the femtosecond to the continuous-wave regime. Results from numerical simulations are used to discuss the temporal and spectral characteristics of the supercontinuum, and to interpret the physics of the underlying spectral broadening processes. Particular attention is given to the case of supercontinuum generation seeded by femtosecond pulses in the anomalous group velocity dispersion regime of photonic crystal fiber, where the processes of soliton fission, stimulated Raman scattering, and dispersive wave generation are reviewed in detail. The corresponding intensity and phase stability properties of the supercontinuum spectra generated under different conditions are also discussed.

3,361 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Photonic nanowires provide the maximal confinement of light for index guiding structures enabling large enhancement of nonlinear interactions and group-velocity dispersion engineering, which makes them ideally suited for many nonlinear optical applications including the generation of single-cycle pulses and optical processing with sub-mW powers.
Abstract: We review recent research on nonlinear optical interactions in waveguides with sub-micron transverse dimensions, which are termed photonic nanowires. Such nanowaveguides, fabricated from glasses or semiconductors, provide the maximal confinement of light for index guiding structures enabling large enhancement of nonlinear interactions and group-velocity dispersion engineering. The combination of these two properties make photonic nanowires ideally suited for many nonlinear optical applications including the generation of single-cycle pulses and optical processing with sub-mW powers.

421 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first experimental demonstration of anomalous group-velocity dispersion (GVD) in silicon waveguides across the telecommunication bands is presented and it is shown that the GVD can be tuned from -2000 to 1000 ps/(nm*km) by tailoring the cross-sectional size and shape of the waveguide.
Abstract: We present the first experimental demonstration of anomalous group-velocity dispersion (GVD) in silicon waveguides across the telecommunication bands. We show that the GVD in such waveguides can be tuned from -2000 to 1000 ps/(nm·km) by tailoring the cross-sectional size and shape of the waveguide.

419 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the fundamentals and applications of nanowires and microwires manufactured from optical fibres and present a variety of enabling properties, including large evanescent fields, flexibility, configurability, high confinement, robustness and compactness.
Abstract: Optical fibre nanowires and microwires offer a variety of enabling properties, including large evanescent fields, flexibility, configurability, high confinement, robustness and compactness. These distinctive features have been exploited in a wealth of applications ranging from telecommunication devices to sensors, from optical manipulation to high Q resonators. In this paper I will review the fundamentals and applications of nanowires and microwires manufactured from optical fibres.

346 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of fiber laser technology as relevant for applications in ultrafast optics is given, focusing on systems built around passively mode-locked fiber lasers and fiber frequency combs, which are further amplified in large-core fiber amplifiers.
Abstract: In this paper, a review of fiber laser technology as relevant for applications in ultrafast optics is given. We discuss core enabling fiber technologies, such as fiber amplifiers, all-fiber dispersion control, and highly nonlinear and large-core fibers. We concentrate on systems built around passively mode-locked fiber lasers and fiber frequency combs, which are further amplified in large-core fiber amplifiers. Our review further encompasses coherent supercontinuum generation and techniques for absolute phase control of fiber lasers and amplifiers. Applications concerned with spectral generation in the range from the vacuum UV to the terahertz range are also described.

340 citations


Cites background from "Soliton-effect compression of super..."

  • ...order soliton compression compresses the pulses to 5–10 fs in the first few millimeters of fiber [147]....

    [...]

References
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Book
Govind P. Agrawal1
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: The field of nonlinear fiber optics has advanced enough that a whole book was devoted to it as discussed by the authors, which has been translated into Chinese, Japanese, and Russian languages, attesting to the worldwide activity in the field.
Abstract: Nonlinear fiber optics concerns with the nonlinear optical phenomena occurring inside optical fibers. Although the field ofnonlinear optics traces its beginning to 1961, when a ruby laser was first used to generate the second-harmonic radiation inside a crystal [1], the use ofoptical fibers as a nonlinear medium became feasible only after 1970 when fiber losses were reduced to below 20 dB/km [2]. Stimulated Raman and Brillouin scatterings in single-mode fibers were studied as early as 1972 [3] and were soon followed by the study of other nonlinear effects such as self- and crossphase modulation and four-wave mixing [4]. By 1989, the field ofnonlinear fiber optics has advanced enough that a whole book was devoted to it [5]. This book or its second edition has been translated into Chinese, Japanese, and Russian languages, attesting to the worldwide activity in the field of nonlinear fiber optics.

15,770 citations

PatentDOI
08 Jul 2008-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, a two-step process is described to generate a micrometer sized diameter silica preform fiber, and then the preform is drawn while coupled to a support element to form a nanometer sized diameter fiber.
Abstract: The present invention provides nanometer-sized diameter silica fibers that exhibit high diameter uniformity and surface smoothness. The silica fibers can have diameters in a range of a about 20 nm to about 1000 nm. An exemplary method according to one embodiment of the invention for generating such fibers utilizes a two-step process in which in an initial step a micrometer sized diameter silica preform fiber is generated, and in a second step, the silica preform is drawn while coupled to a support element to form a nanometer sized diameter silica fiber. The portion of the support element to which the preform is coupled is maintained at a temperature suitable for drawing the nansized fiber, and is preferably controlled to exhibit a temporally stable temperature profile.

1,357 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
27 Aug 2004-Science
TL;DR: The properties and functions of individual crystalline oxide nanoribbons that act as subwavelength optical waveguides are described and their applicability as nanoscale photonic elements are assessed.
Abstract: Although the electrical integration of chemically synthesized nanowires has been achieved with lithography, optical integration, which promises high speeds and greater device versatility, remains unexplored We describe the properties and functions of individual crystalline oxide nanoribbons that act as subwavelength optical waveguides and assess their applicability as nanoscale photonic elements The length, flexibility, and strength of these structures enable their manipulation on surfaces, including the optical linking of nanoribbon waveguides and other nanowire elements to form networks and device components We demonstrate the assembly of ribbon waveguides with nanowire light sources and detectors as a first step toward building nanowire photonic circuitry

921 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: High-energy 20-fs pulses generated by a Ti:sapphire laser system were spectrally broadened to more than 250 nm by self-phase modulation in a hollow fiber filled with noble gases and subsequently compressed in a broadband high-throughput dispersive system, resulting in the shortest generated to date at multigigawatt peak powers.
Abstract: High-energy 20-fs pulses generated by a Ti:sapphire laser system were spectrally broadened to more than 250 nm by self-phase modulation in a hollow fiber filled with noble gases and subsequently compressed in a broadband high-throughput dispersive system. Pulses as short as 4.5 fs with energy up to 20-microJ were obtained with krypton, while pulses as short as 5 fs with energy up to 70 microJ were obtained with argon. These pulses are, to our knowledge, the shortest generated to date at multigigawatt peak powers.

847 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the carrier-envelope offset (CEO) phase was measured and stabilised with sub-femtosecond uncertainty in a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser.
Abstract: The shortest pulses periodically emitted directly from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser are approaching the two-optical-cycle range. In this region, the phase of the optical carrier with respect to the pulse envelope becomes important in nonlinear optical processes such as high-harmonic generation. Because there are no locking mechanisms between envelope and carrier inside a laser, their relative phase offset experiences random fluctuations. Here, we propose several novel methods to measure and to stabilize this carrier-envelope offset (CEO) phase with sub-femtosecond uncertainty. The stabilization methods are an important prerequisite for attosecond pulse generation schemes. Short and highly periodic pulses of a two-cycle laser correspond to an extremely wide frequency comb of equally spaced lines, which can be used for absolute frequency measurements. Using the proposed phase-measurement methods, it will be possible to phase-coherently link any unknown optical frequency within the comb spectrum to a primary microwave standard. Experimental studies using a sub-6-fs Ti:sapphire laser suggesting the feasibility of carrier-envelope phase control are presented.

843 citations