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Journal ArticleDOI

Solubility of Benzene in Water.

01 Oct 1958-Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Chemical & Engineering Data Series (American Chemical Society)-Vol. 3, Iss: 2, pp 253-256
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used ultraviolet spectrophotometry to determine the mutual solubility of benzene in water and showed that it can be demonstrated and proved by a redetermination of the relationship.
Abstract: F o r the determination of individual mass transfer coeff ic ients for the benzene-water system, the mutual solubility of the components is required. T h i s paper dea ls with the solubility of benzene in water. T h e interpretation by Seidell (23) of the then-available portion of the present (1, 3-5, 7-19, 21-23, 25, 26) data on the solubility of benzene in water indicated a relationship that continually increased with temperature in a manner similar t o h i s other interpretations on the solubility of hydrocarbons in water. T h e more recent data of Bohon and Claussen (4) were the first to indicate a minimurn in the solubility curve for benzene (and other aromatic compounds), although Hill (13) suspected one. Taken a s a whole, the avai lable data might have been considered discordant. As a precise analytical technique for the analysis of benzene in water was needed for mass transfer s tudies , it was decided t o demonstrate and prove the technique by a redetermination of the solubility relationship. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was selected a s the analytical tool. Study and experience indicated that the analytical technique had to b e developed with great care to avoid errors due to excess ive volatility, such as found by Saylor, Stuckey, and Gross (22), to improper calibration, to temperature-induced hazes , and perhaps to wall adsorption effects.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that removal of non-polar surface from water (the hydrophobic effect) and release of cations (the polyelectrolyte effect) drive the thermodynamically unfavorable process (e.g. conformational distortions) necessary to achieve mutually complementary recognition surfaces (at a steric and functional-group level) in the specific complex.

373 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the enthalpies of solution in water of D 6 -benzene, toluene, ethylbenzenes, propylbenenzene, and cyclohexane have been determined in the temperature range 288 to 308 K by a flow-microcalorimetric technique.

171 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The "necessary nitrogen atom" is shown to be a versatile high-impact design element for multiparameter optimization, wherein ≥10, 100, or 1000-fold improvement in a variety of key pharmacological parameters can be realized.
Abstract: There is a continued desire in biomedical research to reduce the number and duration of design cycles required to optimize lead compounds into high-quality chemical probes or safe and efficacious drug candidates. The insightful application of impactful molecular design elements is one approach toward achieving this goal. The replacement of a CH group with a N atom in aromatic and heteroaromatic ring systems can have many important effects on molecular and physicochemical properties and intra- and intermolecular interactions that can translate to improved pharmacological profiles. In this Perspective, the “necessary nitrogen atom” is shown to be a versatile high-impact design element for multiparameter optimization, wherein ≥10-, 100-, or 1000-fold improvement in a variety of key pharmacological parameters can be realized.

171 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Dec 1963-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, the solubilities in water of C1-C8 paraffin and branchedchain paraffIN, 4 cycloparaffin, and 5 aromatic hydrocarbons have been determined using a gas-liquid partition chromatographic technique.
Abstract: THE solubilities in water of C1–C8 paraffin and branchedchain paraffin, 4 cycloparaffin, and 5 aromatic hydrocarbons have been determined using a gas-liquid partition chromatographic technique.

135 citations