Solvent‐Free Organic Synthesis
TL;DR: This paper presents a new approach to solvent-free organic synthesis called “Solvent-free synthesis with real-time stoichiometry” that combines high-performance liquid chromatography and high-tech electronics.
Abstract: Solvent-free organic synthesis , Solvent-free organic synthesis , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
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1,656 citations
23 May 2016
TL;DR: A review of general purpose solvent selection guides can be found in this paper, highlighting their similarities and differences and how they can be used to enhance the greenness of chemical processes, particularly in laboratory organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry.
Abstract: Driven by legislation and evolving attitudes towards environmental issues, establishing green solvents for extractions, separations, formulations and reaction chemistry has become an increasingly important area of research Several general purpose solvent selection guides have now been published with the aim to reduce use of the most hazardous solvents This review serves the purpose of explaining the role of these guides, highlighting their similarities and differences How they can be used most effectively to enhance the greenness of chemical processes, particularly in laboratory organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry, is addressed in detail
756 citations
Cites background from "Solvent‐Free Organic Synthesis"
...Although solvent-less chemistry has always been of interest to green chemists [42, 43], it is not generally applicable to the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other fine chemicals....
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TL;DR: Host frameworks constructed with various pillars display metric interdependences among specific structural features that reveal a common mechanism by which these soft frameworks adapt to different guests, facilitating structure prediction and providing guidance for the design of inclusion compounds based on these hosts.
Abstract: The self-assembly and solid-state structures of host-guest inclusion compounds with lamellar architectures based on a common building block, a resilient hydrogen-bonded sheet consisting of guanidinium ions and sulfonate moieties of organodisulfonate "pillars", are described. The pillars connect adjacent sheets to generate galleries with molecular-scale cavities occupied by guest molecules. The size, shape, and physicochemical character of the inclusion cavities can be systematically adjusted by interchanging framework components while maintaining the lamellar architecture, enabling prediction and control of crystal lattice metrics with a precision that is unusual for "crystal engineering". The reliability of the lamellar architecture is a direct consequence of conformational flexibility exhibited by these hosts that, unlike rigid systems, enables them to achieve optimal packing with guest molecules. The adaptability of these hosts is further reflected by an architectural isomerism that is driven by guest templating during assembly of the inclusion compounds. Host frameworks constructed with various pillars display metric interdependences among specific structural features that reveal a common mechanism by which these soft frameworks adapt to different guests. This unique feature facilitates structure prediction and provides guidance for the design of inclusion compounds based on these hosts.
527 citations
TL;DR: This tutorial review focuses on recent research into the use of mechanochemistry (grinding) to synthesise metal complexes in the absence of solvent, including synthesis of mononuclear complexes, coordination clusters, spacious coordination cages, and 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional coordination polymers (metal organic frameworks) which can even exhibit microporosity.
Abstract: Avoiding the use of solvents in synthesis can reduce environmental contamination and even be more convenient than using solvent-based synthesis. In this tutorial review we focus on recent research into the use of mechanochemistry (grinding) to synthesise metal complexes in the absence of solvent. We include synthesis of mononuclear complexes, coordination clusters, spacious coordination cages, and 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional coordination polymers (metal organic frameworks) which can even exhibit microporosity. Remarkably, in many cases, mechanochemical synthesis is actually faster and more convenient than the original solvent-based methods. Examples of solvent-free methods other than grinding are also briefly discussed, and the positive outlook for this growing topic is emphasised.
520 citations
TL;DR: The properties of 2-MeTHF, the state-of-the-art of its use in synthesis, and several outstanding examples of its application from both industry and academia are described.
Abstract: 2-Methyl-tetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) can be derived from renewable resources (e.g., furfural or levulinic acid) and is a promising alternative solvent in the search for environmentally benign synthesis strategies. Its physical and chemical properties, such as its low miscibility with water, boiling point, remarkable stability compared to other cyclic-based solvents such as THF, and others make it appealing for applications in syntheses involving organometallics, organocatalysis, and biotransformations or for processing lignocellulosic materials. Interestingly, a significant number of industries have also started to assess 2-MeTHF in several synthetic procedures, often with excellent results and prospects. Likewise, preliminary toxicology assessments suggest that the use of 2-MeTHF might even be extended to more processes in pharmaceutical chemistry. This Minireview describes the properties of 2-MeTHF, the state-of-the-art of its use in synthesis, and covers several outstanding examples of its application from both industry and academia.
486 citations
Cites background from "Solvent‐Free Organic Synthesis"
...tion of solvent-free chemical processes would be ideal,([6]) but in many cases solvents are essential to improve mass and heat transfer, and they may significantly improve reaction rates, selectivities, or the position of chemical equilibria....
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References
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01 Jan 2003TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a Solvent Free Organic Synthesis (SOS) method for organic synthesis, which is a state-of-the-art method for solvent-free organic synthesis.
Abstract: Solvent-free organic synthesis , Solvent-free organic synthesis , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
828 citations