Some aspects of anion-induced adsorption of white metal cations on mercury
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the neutral cation-anion complex (PbCl3− being the single known exception to this rule) is usually the neutral ion complex and that in the course of adsorption the coordination number of the metal ion increases as it forms additional bonds with anions which are specifically adsorbed on the mercury electrode.
About: This article is published in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry.The article was published on 1970-11-01. It has received 77 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Dropping mercury electrode & Adsorption.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a quaternary ammonium bromide salt (R4N+Br-) is specifically adsorbed on the colloidal gold solutions through the formation of surface ion pairs, probably with the Br- ion attached to the Au surface.
Abstract: “Naked” colloidal gold solutions have been prepared in toluene using a two-phase system The phase-transfer reagent used, a quaternary ammonium bromide salt (R4N+Br-), is specifically adsorbed on the clusters through the formation of surface ion pairs, probably with the Br- ion attached to the Au surface The separation between clusters for two-dimensional structures is dependent on the chain length in R4N+ When more than one layer is present, the nanosized particles show unusual self-organization properties: the occupancy of 2-fold saddle sites is preferred to that of 3-fold hollow sites, leading to linear and circular arrangements It is proposed that this is due to the balance between local electrostatic repulsion and dispersion forces between the particles
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TL;DR: In this article, a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWNT) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was described for the simultaneous determination of trace levels of cadmium and lead by anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV).
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TL;DR: A review of mechanisms by which additives have been postulated to affect the rate of deposition of metals and their alloys can be found in this article, where the possible role of electrode filming in electrodeposition of difficult-to-plate metals is discussed, as well as anomalous and induced codeposition of alloys, and deposition of stoichiometric alloys.
Abstract: This review is of mechanisms by which additives have been postulated to affect the rate of deposition of metals and their alloys. Emphasis is on recent work in our laboratories, where mechanisms have been tested by choosing systems expected to exhibit the appropriate chemical behavior. Mechanisms chosen for study include: (a) ion bridging, (b) ion pairing, (c) changes in interfacial tension, (d) hydrogen evolution effects, (e) hydrogen adsorption, and (f) electrode filming. The possible role of electrode filming in electrodeposition of difficult-to-plate metals is discussed, as well as anomalous and induced codeposition of alloys, and deposition of stoichiometric alloys, such as the nickel-tin system
122 citations
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TL;DR: A review of the mechanisms by which additives have been postulated to affect the rate of deposition of metals is given in this article, including blocking the surface, changing the Helmholtz potential, complex formation, ion pairing, changes in interfacial tension and filming of the electrode, hydrogen evolution effects, hydrogen absorption, anomalous codeposition and the effect on intermediates.
Abstract: A review is given of mechanisms by which additives have been postulated to affect the rate of deposition of metals. These mechanisms include (1) blocking the surface, (2) changes in Helmholtz potential, (3) complex formation including induced adsorption and ion bridging, (4) ion pairing, (5) changes in interfacial tension and filming of the electrode, (6) hydrogen evolution effects, (7) hydrogen absorption, (8) anomalous codeposition and (9) the effect on intermediates.
110 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, a critical discussion is presented of some important theories for the electrode impedance in the case that the electroactive species are specifically adsorbed at the electrode-solution interface.
143 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the theory of a new technique for the study of reactant adsorption is developed and it is shown that a rigorous double-layer correction can be made and that a quantitative determination of the amount of adorption was possible.
141 citations
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TL;DR: The adsorption of SCN- ions and thiourea has been investigated by measuring the capacity of a mercury electrode as discussed by the authors, where the apparent dielectric constant passes through a maximum at a charge on the electrode of about + 6µC cm−2.
Abstract: The adsorption of SCN– ions and thiourea has been investigated by measuring the capacity of a mercury electrode. Adsorption isotherms for SCN– indicate a large ion-ion interaction which appears to decrease as the bulk solution concentration increases. In contrast, thiourea adsorption can be expressed by a Frumkin isotherm with constant interaction parameter equivalent to a second virial coefficient of 84 A2 molecule–1. The apparent dielectric constant passes through a maximum at a charge on the electrode of about + 6µC cm–2. Thiourea displaces adsorbed nitrate ions from the mercury electrode.
Inaccuracies in the drop-time method for determining interfacial tension are discussed and a new method for obtaining an approximate value of the absolute mercury-water interfacial tension is described.
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113 citations