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Journal Article•DOI•

Spatially complete global spectral surface albedos: value-added datasets derived from Terra MODIS land products

Eric G. Moody, Michael D. King1, Steven Platnick1, Crystal B. Schaaf2, Feng Gao2 •
Goddard Space Flight Center1, Boston University2
17 Jan 2005-IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)-Vol. 43, Iss: 1, pp 144-158
TL;DR: An ecosystem-dependent temporal interpolation technique is described that has been developed to fill missing or seasonally snow-covered data in the official MOD43B3 albedo product, and phenological curves are derived from statistics based on the MODIS MOD12Q1 IGBP land cover classification product geolocated with the MOD 43B3 data.
Abstract: Recent production of land surface anisotropy, diffuse bihemispherical (white-sky) albedo, and direct-beam directional hemispherical (black-sky) albedo from observations acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments aboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Terra and Aqua satellite platforms have provided researchers with unprecedented spatial, spectral, and temporal information on the land surface's radiative characteristics. Cloud cover, which curtails retrievals, and the presence of ephemeral and seasonal snow limit the snow-free data to approximately half the global land surfaces on an annual equal-angle basis. This precludes the MOD43B3 albedo products from being used in some remote sensing and ground-based applications, climate models, and global change research projects. An ecosystem-dependent temporal interpolation technique is described that has been developed to fill missing or seasonally snow-covered data in the official MOD43B3 albedo product. The method imposes pixel-level and local regional ecosystem-dependent phenological behavior onto retrieved pixel temporal data in such a way as to maintain pixel-level spatial and spectral detail and integrity. The phenological curves are derived from statistics based on the MODIS MOD12Q1 IGBP land cover classification product geolocated with the MOD43B3 data. The resulting snow-free value-added products provide the scientific community with spatially and temporally complete global white- and black-sky surface albedo maps and statistics. These products are stored on 1-min and coarser resolution equal-angle grids and are computed for the first seven MODIS wavelengths, ranging from 0.47-2.1 /spl mu/m and for three broadband wavelengths 0.3-0.7, 0.3-5.0, and 0.7-5.0 /spl mu/m.

Content maybe subject to copyright    Report

Spatially Complete Global Spectral Surface Albedos: Value-Added
Datasets Derived from
Terra
MODIS Land Products
Eric G. Moody, Michael D.
King
Senior Member,
IEEE,
Steven Platnick,
Crystal
B.
Schaaf,
Member,
I€€€,
and
Feng Gao,
Member,
I€€€
IEEE
Transadions
on
Geoscience
and
Remofe
Sensing
Manuscript
submitted April
21,2004.
E. G. Moody
is
with
L-3
Communications Government Services, Inc., Vienna,
VA
22180
USA
(e-mail:
moody@clirnate.gsfc.nasa.gov).
M. D.
King
and
S.
Platnick are with
the
Earth Sciences Directorate,
NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
MD
20771
USA.
C.
B.
Schaaf
and
F. Gao
are
with Center for Remote
Sensing,
Department
of
Geography, Boston University, Boston, MA
02215
USA.
1
IEEE TRANSAmONS ON GEOSCIENCE
AND
REMOTE
SENSING,
APRIL
2004
2
Popular
Summary
-Land surface albedo
is
an important parameter in de-
scribing the radiative properties of the earth‘s surface
as
it represents the amount
of incoming solar radiation
that
is
reflected from the surface. The amount and
type
of
vegetation of the surface dramatically alters the amount of radiation that
is
reflected; for example, croplands that contain leafy vegetation will reflect ra-
diation very differently
than
blacktop associated with urban areas. In addition,
since vegetation
goes
through a
growth,
or phenological, cycle, the amount of
radiation that
is
reflected changes over the course of a year.
As
a result, albedo
is
both temporally and spatially dependant upon global location
as
there
is
a
dis-
tribution of vegetated surface types and growing conditions.
Land surface albedo
is
critical for a wide variety of earth system research
projects including but not restricted to remote sensing of atmospheric aerosol
and cloud properties
from
space, ground-based analysis of aerosol optical prop-
erties from surface-based
sun/sky
radiometers, biophysically-based land surface
modeling
of
the exchange of energy, water, momentum, and carbon for various
land use categories, and surface energy balance studies. These projects require
proper representation of the surface albedo’s spatial, spectral, and temporal
variations, however, these representations are often lacking in datasets prior to
the latest generation of land surface albedo products.
Recent production of land surface anisotropy, diffuse bihemispherical
(white-sky) albedo and direct beam directional hemispherical (black-sky) albedo
from observations acquired by the Moderate Resolution
Imaging
Spectroradi-
ometer
(MODIS)
instruments aboard
NASA’s
Terra
and
Aqua
satellite platforms
have provided researchers with unprecedented spatial, spectral, and temporal
information on the land surface’s radiative characteristics. Cloud cover, which
curtails retrievals, and the presence of ephemeral and seasonal snow limit the
MOODY
et
d.:
SPATIALLY
COMPLEX'E
SURFACE
ALBEDO
DATA
SETS
3
snow-free data to approximately
half
the global land surfaces on
an
annual
equal-angle
basis.
This
precludes the operational
MODIS
albedo products from
being used
in
some earth system research projects.
To
provide complete representation, an ecosystem-dependant temporal in-
terpolation technique
has
been developed to fill missing or seasonally snow-
covered data
in
the official albedo product. The method imposes pixel-level and
local regional ecosystem-dependent phenological behavior onto retrieved pixel
temporal data in such a way as to maintain pixel-level spatial and spectral detail
and
integrity. The phenological curves are derived from statistics based on the
International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) land cover classification
product geolocated with the albedo data. The resulting snow-free value-added
products provide the scientific community with spatially and temporally com-
plete global white- and black-sky surface albedo
maps
and statistics. These
products are stored on one-minute and coarser resolution equal-angle
grids,
and
are computed for the first seven
MODIS
wavelengths, ranging from 0.47 through
2.1
pm, and for three broadband wavelengths, 0.3-0.7,0.3-5.0 and 0.7-5.0 pm.
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
The Collection 6 MODIS aerosol products over land and ocean

[...]

Robert C. Levy1, Shana Mattoo1, L. A. Munchak1, Lorraine A. Remer2, Andrew M. Sayer3, Andrew M. Sayer1, Falguni Patadia1, Falguni Patadia4, N. C. Hsu1 •
Goddard Space Flight Center1, University of Maryland, Baltimore County2, Universities Space Research Association3, Morgan State University4
06 Nov 2013-Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
TL;DR: The Collection 6 (C6) algorithm as mentioned in this paper was proposed to retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol size parameters from MODIS-observed spectral reflectance.
Abstract: . The twin Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors have been flying on Terra since 2000 and Aqua since 2002, creating an extensive data set of global Earth observations. Here, we introduce the Collection 6 (C6) algorithm to retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol size parameters from MODIS-observed spectral reflectance. While not a major overhaul from the previous Collection 5 (C5) version, there are enough changes that there are significant impacts to the products and their interpretation. The C6 aerosol data set will be created from three separate retrieval algorithms that operate over different surface types. These are the two "Dark Target" (DT) algorithms for retrieving (1) over ocean (dark in visible and longer wavelengths) and (2) over vegetated/dark-soiled land (dark in the visible), plus the "Deep Blue" (DB) algorithm developed originally for retrieving (3) over desert/arid land (bright in the visible). Here, we focus on DT-ocean and DT-land (#1 and #2). We have updated assumptions for central wavelengths, Rayleigh optical depths and gas (H2O, O3, CO2, etc.) absorption corrections, while relaxing the solar zenith angle limit (up to ≤ 84°) to increase poleward coverage. For DT-land, we have updated the cloud mask to allow heavy smoke retrievals, fine-tuned the assignments for aerosol type as function of season/location, corrected bugs in the Quality Assurance (QA) logic, and added diagnostic parameters such topographic altitude. For DT-ocean, improvements include a revised cloud mask for thin-cirrus detection, inclusion of wind speed dependence on the surface reflectance, updates to logic of QA Confidence flag (QAC) assignment, and additions of important diagnostic information. At the same time, we quantified how "upstream" changes to instrument calibration, land/sea masking and cloud masking will also impact the statistics of global AOD, and affect Terra and Aqua differently. For Aqua, all changes will result in reduced global AOD (by 0.02) over ocean and increased AOD (by 0.02) over land, along with changes in spatial coverage. We compared preliminary data to surface-based sun photometer data, and show that C6 should improve upon C5. C6 will include a merged DT/DB product over semi-arid land surfaces for reduced-gap coverage and better visualization, and new information about clouds in the aerosol field. Responding to the needs of the air quality community, in addition to the standard 10 km product, C6 will include a global (DT-land and DT-ocean) aerosol product at 3 km resolution.

1,628 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Second‐generation operational algorithm: Retrieval of aerosol properties over land from inversion of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer spectral reflectance

[...]

Robert C. Levy1, Robert C. Levy2, Lorraine A. Remer1, Shana Mattoo1, Eric Vermote2, Yoram J. Kaufman1 •
Goddard Space Flight Center1, University of Maryland, College Park2
16 Jul 2007-Journal of Geophysical Research
TL;DR: In this paper, a second-generation operational algorithm performs a simultaneous inversion of two visible (0.47 and 0.66 μm) and one shortwave-IR (2.12 μm), making use of the coarse aerosol information content contained in the 2.12 µm channel.
Abstract: [1] Since first light in early 2000, operational global quantitative retrievals of aerosol properties over land have been made from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observed spectral reflectance. These products have been continuously evaluated and validated, and opportunities for improvements have been noted. We have replaced the surface reflectance assumptions, the set of aerosol model optical properties, and the aerosol lookup table (LUT). This second-generation operational algorithm performs a simultaneous inversion of two visible (0.47 and 0.66 μm) and one shortwave-IR (2.12 μm) channel, making use of the coarse aerosol information content contained in the 2.12 μm channel. Inversion of the three channels yields three nearly independent parameters, the aerosol optical depth (τ) at 0.55 μm, the nondust or fine weighting (η), and the surface reflectance at 2.12 μm. Retrievals of small-magnitude negative τ values (down to −0.05) are considered valid, thus balancing the statistics of τ in near zero τ conditions. Preliminary validation of this algorithm shows much improved retrievals of τ, where the MODIS/Aerosol Robotic Network τ (at 0.55 μm) regression has an equation of: y = 1.01x + 0.03, R = 0.90. Global mean τ for the test bed is reduced from ∼0.28 to ∼0.21.

1,074 citations

The GEOS-5 Data Assimilation System-Documentation of Versions 5.0.1, 5.1.0, and 5.2.0

[...]

Max J. Suarez1, Michele M. Rienecker, Ricardo Todling, Julio T. Bacmeister2, Lawrence L. Takacs, H. C. Liu, Wei Gu, Meta Sienkiewicz, Randal D. Koster, Ronald Gelaro, Ivanka Stajner, J. E. Nielsen •
Goddard Space Flight Center1, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research2
01 Dec 2008
TL;DR: The GEOS-5 global atmospheric model and data assimilation system (DAS) as discussed by the authors has been developed by NASA for the Modem Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA).
Abstract: This report documents the GEOS-5 global atmospheric model and data assimilation system (DAS), including the versions 5.0.1, 5.1.0, and 5.2.0, which have been implemented in products distributed for use by various NASA instrument team algorithms and ultimately for the Modem Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). The DAS is the integration of the GEOS-5 atmospheric model with the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) Analysis, a joint analysis system developed by the NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the NASA/Global Modeling and Assimilation Office. The primary performance drivers for the GEOS DAS are temperature and moisture fields suitable for the EOS instrument teams, wind fields for the transport studies of the stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry communities, and climate-quality analyses to support studies of the hydrological cycle through MERRA. The GEOS-5 atmospheric model has been approved for open source release and is available from: http://opensource.gsfc.nasa.gov/projects/GEOS-5/GEOS-5.php.

844 citations

Cites background from "Spatially complete global spectral ..."

  • ...…a two-stream approximation that lets snow-free albedo (for the visible and near-infrared bands) vary with solar incidence angle, but the values so produced are scaled so that they are consistent, on the monthly time scale, with the snow-free albedos produced by Moody et al. (2005) from MODIS data....

    [...]

Journal Article•DOI•
A review of measurement-based assessments of the aerosol direct radiative effect and forcing

[...]

Hongbin Yu1, Hongbin Yu2, Yoram J. Kaufman1, Mian Chin1, Graham Feingold3, Lorraine A. Remer1, T. L. Anderson4, Yves Balkanski5, Nicolas Bellouin6, Olivier Boucher6, Sundar A. Christopher7, P. DeCola8, Ralph A. Kahn9, Dorothy Koch10, Norman G. Loeb11, M. S. Reddy12, Michael Schulz5, Toshihiko Takemura13, M. Zhou14 •
Goddard Space Flight Center1, University of Maryland, Baltimore County2, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration3, University of Washington4, Centre national de la recherche scientifique5, Met Office6, University of Alabama in Huntsville7, NASA Headquarters8, Jet Propulsion Laboratory9, Goddard Institute for Space Studies10, Langley Research Center11, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory12, Kyushu University13, Georgia Institute of Technology14
30 Aug 2005-Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the aerosol optical depth (τ), direct radiative effect (DRE), and direct climate forcing (DCF) by anthropogenic aerosols, focusing on satellite and ground-based measurements supplemented by global chemical transport model simulations.
Abstract: Aerosols affect the Earth's energy budget directly by scattering and absorbing radiation and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei and, thereby, affecting cloud properties. However, large uncertainties exist in current estimates of aerosol forcing because of incomplete knowledge concerning the distribution and the physical and chemical properties of aerosols as well as aerosol-cloud interactions. In recent years, a great deal of effort has gone into improving measurements and datasets. It is thus feasible to shift the estimates of aerosol forcing from largely model-based to increasingly measurement-based. Our goal is to assess current observational capabilities and identify uncertainties in the aerosol direct forcing through comparisons of different methods with independent sources of uncertainties. Here we assess the aerosol optical depth (τ), direct radiative effect (DRE) by natural and anthropogenic aerosols, and direct climate forcing (DCF) by anthropogenic aerosols, focusing on satellite and ground-based measurements supplemented by global chemical transport model (CTM) simulations. The multi-spectral MODIS measures global distributions of aerosol optical depth (τ) on a daily scale, with a high accuracy of ±0.03±0.05τ over ocean. The annual average τ is about 0.14 over global ocean, of which about 21%±7% is contributed by human activities, as estimated by MODIS fine-mode fraction. The multi-angle MISR derives an annual average AOD of 0.23 over global land with an uncertainty of ~20% or ±0.05. These high-accuracy aerosol products and broadband flux measurements from CERES make it feasible to obtain observational constraints for the aerosol direct effect, especially over global the ocean. A number of measurement-based approaches estimate the clear-sky DRE (on solar radiation) at the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) to be about -5.5±0.2 Wm -2 (median ± standard error from various methods) over the global ocean. Accounting for thin cirrus contamination of the satellite derived aerosol field will reduce the TOA DRE to -5.0 Wm -2 . Because of a lack of measurements of aerosol absorption and difficulty in characterizing land surface reflection, estimates of DRE over land and at the ocean surface are currently realized through a combination of satellite retrievals, surface measurements, and model simulations, and are less constrained. Over the oceans the surface DRE is estimated to be -8.8±0.7 Wm -2 . Over land, an integration of satellite retrievals and model simulations derives a DRE of -4.9±0.7 Wm -2 and -11.8±1.9 Wm -2 at the TOA and surface, respectively. CTM simulations derive a wide range of DRE estimates that on average are smaller than the measurement-based DRE by about 30-40%, even after accounting for thin cirrus and cloud contamination. A number of issues remain. Current estimates of the aerosol direct effect over land are poorly constrained. Uncertainties of DRE estimates are also larger on regional scales than on a global scale and large discrepancies exist between different approaches. The characterization of aerosol absorption and vertical distribution remains challenging. The aerosol direct effect in the thermal infrared range and in cloudy conditions remains relatively unexplored and quite uncertain, because of a lack of global systematic aerosol vertical profile measurements. A coordinated research strategy needs to be developed for integration and assimilation of satellite measurements into models to constrain model simulations. Enhanced measurement capabilities in the next few years and high-level scientific cooperation will further advance our knowledge.

790 citations

Cites background from "Spatially complete global spectral ..."

  • ...New satellite-borne instru- ments, such as MODIS and MISR, can much better charac- terize surface optical properties because they measure at mul- tiple wavelengths and angles at spatial resolutions as fine as 1 km (Moody et al., 2005; Schaaf et al., 2002; Martonchik et al., 1998b)....

    [...]

  • ...With satellite remote sensing providing angular and spectral variations of surface reflection (e.g., Moody et al., 2005; Martonchik et al., 1998, 2002), it is feasible to better characterize the complexity of surface reflection and its interaction with aerosol extinction through the use of the…...

    [...]

Journal Article•DOI•
The collection 5 MODIS burned area product — Global evaluation by comparison with the MODIS active fire product

[...]

David P. Roy1, Luigi Boschetti2, Christopher O. Justice2, Junchang Ju1•
South Dakota State University1, University of Maryland, College Park2
15 Sep 2008-Remote Sensing of Environment
TL;DR: The results of the first consecutive 12 months of the NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) global burned area product are presented in this paper, where total annual and monthly area burned statistics and missing data statistics are reported at global and continental scale and with respect to different land cover classes.

671 citations

Additional excerpts

  • ...observations to undertake BRDF model inversion (Moody et al., 2005; Schaaf et al., 2002)....

    [...]

References
More filters
Book•
Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing

[...]

William H. Press1, Brian P. Flannery2, Saul A. Teukolsky3, William T. Vetterling4•
Harvard University1, ExxonMobil2, Cornell University3, Polaroid Corporation4
31 Jan 1986
TL;DR: Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing as discussed by the authors is a complete text and reference book on scientific computing with over 100 new routines (now well over 300 in all), plus upgraded versions of many of the original routines, with many new topics presented at the same accessible level.
Abstract: From the Publisher: This is the revised and greatly expanded Second Edition of the hugely popular Numerical Recipes: The Art of Scientific Computing. The product of a unique collaboration among four leading scientists in academic research and industry, Numerical Recipes is a complete text and reference book on scientific computing. In a self-contained manner it proceeds from mathematical and theoretical considerations to actual practical computer routines. With over 100 new routines (now well over 300 in all), plus upgraded versions of many of the original routines, this book is more than ever the most practical, comprehensive handbook of scientific computing available today. The book retains the informal, easy-to-read style that made the first edition so popular, with many new topics presented at the same accessible level. In addition, some sections of more advanced material have been introduced, set off in small type from the main body of the text. Numerical Recipes is an ideal textbook for scientists and engineers and an indispensable reference for anyone who works in scientific computing. Highlights of the new material include a new chapter on integral equations and inverse methods; multigrid methods for solving partial differential equations; improved random number routines; wavelet transforms; the statistical bootstrap method; a new chapter on "less-numerical" algorithms including compression coding and arbitrary precision arithmetic; band diagonal linear systems; linear algebra on sparse matrices; Cholesky and QR decomposition; calculation of numerical derivatives; Pade approximants, and rational Chebyshev approximation; new special functions; Monte Carlo integration in high-dimensional spaces; globally convergent methods for sets of nonlinear equations; an expanded chapter on fast Fourier methods; spectral analysis on unevenly sampled data; Savitzky-Golay smoothing filters; and two-dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnoff tests. All this is in addition to material on such basic top

12,662 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
AERONET-a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol Characterization

[...]

Brent N. Holben1, Thomas F. Eck2, Ilya Slutsker1, Didier Tanré, J. P. Buis, Alberto Setzer, Eric Vermote3, John A. Reagan4, Yoram J. Kaufman1, Teruyuki Nakajima5, François Lavenu6, I. Jankowiak, Alexander Smirnov1 •
Goddard Space Flight Center1, STX Corporation2, University of Maryland, College Park3, University of Arizona4, University of Tokyo5, École Normale Supérieure6
01 Oct 1998-Remote Sensing of Environment
TL;DR: The operation and philosophy of the monitoring system, the precision and accuracy of the measuring radiometers, a brief description of the processing system, and access to the database are discussed.

6,535 citations

"Spatially complete global spectral ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...838359 radiation at the earth’s surface and is important for the remote sensing of atmospheric aerosol [16], [21], [24] and cloud [23], [25], [34] properties from space, ground-based analysis of aerosol optical properties from surface-based sun/sky radiometers [12], [15], biophysically based land surface modeling of the exchange of energy, water, momentum, and carbon for various land use categories [5], [42], and surface energy balance studies [11], [17], [49]....

    [...]

Numerical Recipes in FORTRAN - The Art of Scientific Computing - Second Edition

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William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling, Brian P. Flannery
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: This paper presents a list of recommended recipes for making CDRom decks and some examples of how these recipes can be modified to suit theommelier's needs.
Abstract: Keywords: informatique ; numerical recipes Note: contient un CDRom Reference Record created on 2004-09-07, modified on 2016-08-08

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"Spatially complete global spectral ..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Ideally, one would compute the simple statistics of the mean, standard deviation, and number of points [35], for each regional size centered around each pixel on the global map; however, data volume make such calculations intractable for global processing....

    [...]

Journal Article•DOI•
Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model

[...]

Stephen Sitch1, Benjamin Smith2, Iain Colin Prentice3, Almut Arneth3, Alberte Bondeau1, Wolfgang Cramer1, Jed O. Kaplan3, Samuel Levis3, Samuel Levis1, Wolfgang Lucht1, Martin T. Sykes2, Kirsten Thonicke1, Sergey Venevsky1 •
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research1, Lund University2, University of Victoria3
01 Feb 2003-Global Change Biology
TL;DR: The LPJ model as mentioned in this paper combines process-based, large-scale representations of terrestrial vegetation dynamics and land-atmosphere carbon and water exchanges in a modular framework, including feedback through canopy conductance between photosynthesis and transpiration and interactive coupling between these 'fast' processes and other ecosystem processes.
Abstract: The Lund-Potsdam-Jena Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (LPJ) combines process-based, large-scale representations of terrestrial vegetation dynamics and land-atmosphere carbon and water exchanges in a modular framework. Features include feedback through canopy conductance between photosynthesis and transpiration and interactive coupling between these 'fast' processes and other ecosystem processes including resource competition, tissue turnover, population dynamics, soil organic matter and litter dynamics and fire disturbance. Ten plants functional types (PFTs) are differentiated by physiological, morphological, phenological, bioclimatic and fire-response attributes. Resource competition and differential responses to fire between PFTs influence their relative fractional cover from year to year. Photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and soil water dynamics are modelled on a daily time step, while vegetation structure and PFT population densities are updated annually. Simulations have been made over the industrial period both for specific sites where field measurements were available for model evaluation, and globally on a 0.5degrees x 0.5degrees grid. Modelled vegetation patterns are consistent with observations, including remotely sensed vegetation structure and phenology. Seasonal cycles of net ecosystem exchange and soil moisture compare well with local measurements. Global carbon exchange fields used as input to an atmospheric tracer transport model (TM2) provided a good fit to observed seasonal cycles of CO2 concentration at all latitudes. Simulated inter-annual variability of the global terrestrial carbon balance is in phase with and comparable in amplitude to observed variability in the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 . Global terrestrial carbon and water cycle parameters (pool sizes and fluxes) lie within their accepted ranges. The model is being used to study past, present and future terrestrial ecosystem dynamics, biochemical and biophysical interactions between ecosystems and the atmosphere, and as a component of coupled Earth system models.

2,735 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Global land cover mapping from MODIS: algorithms and early results

[...]

Mark A. Friedl1, D.K. McIver1, J.C.F. Hodges1, Xiaoyang Zhang1, D. Muchoney2, Alan H. Strahler1, Curtis E. Woodcock1, Sucharita Gopal1, Annemarie Schneider1, Amanda Cooper1, Alessandro Baccini1, Feng Gao1, Crystal B. Schaaf1 •
Boston University1, Conservation International2
01 Nov 2002-Remote Sensing of Environment
TL;DR: This product provides maps of global land cover at 1-km spatial resolution using several classification systems, principally that of the IGBP, and a supervised classification methodology is used that exploits a global database of training sites interpreted from high-resolution imagery in association with ancillary data.

2,379 citations

"Spatially complete global spectral ..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Thereby, the MODIS IGBP ecosystem classification was used as the inherent link to relate the regional phenological information to the pixel-level information [13]....

    [...]

  • ...Generating these value-added products requires multiple steps, including: 1) remapping the native MOD43B3 data stored in sinusoidal (SIN) projection onto 1-min climate modeling (equal-angle) grids (CMG); 2) applying the appropriate quality assurance (QA) information to remove retrievals over water and lesser quality and ephemeral snow data; 3) filling missing data with the ecosystem-dependent temporal interpolation technique (using the MODIS MOD12Q1 International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) ecosystem classification dataset [13]); and 4) storing both the original and filled data as well as the original and fill-technique QA into new hierarchical data format (HDF) files....

    [...]

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AERONET-a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol Characterization

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First operational BRDF, albedo nadir reflectance products from MODIS

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A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements

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27 Aug 2000-Journal of Geophysical Research
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Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media.

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Frequently Asked Questions (1)
Q1. What contributions have the authors mentioned in the paper "Spatially complete global spectral surface albedos: value-added datasets derived from terra modis land products" ?

Moody et al. this paper presented an analysis of the Earth Sciences Directorate, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.