Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members
01 Jan 1991-pp 136-136
TL;DR: ASCE 8-90 as mentioned in this paper provides design criteria for the determination of the strength of stainless steel structural members and connections for use in buildings and other statically loaded structures and the reasoning behind and justification for various provisions of the specification are also presented.
Abstract: ASCE's standard Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural Members (ASCE 8-90) provides design criteria for the determination of the strength of stainless steel structural members and connections for use in buildings and other statically loaded structures. The members may be cold-formed to shape from annealed and cold-rolled sheet, strip, plate, or flat bar stainless steel material. Design criteria are provided for axially loaded tension or compression members, flexural members subjected to bending and shear, and members subjected to combined axial load and bending. The specification provides the design strength criteria using the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) and the allowable stress design (ASD) methods. The reasoning behind, and the justification for, various provisions of the specification are also presented. The design strength requirements of this standard are intended for use by structural engineers and those engaged in preparing and administrating local building codes.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: A review of recent developments in research and design practice surrounding the structural use of stainless steel, with an emphasis on structural stability, is provided in this paper, where the authors discuss the nonlinear stress-strain characteristics of structural stainless steel and give rise to a structural response that differs somewhat from that of structural carbon steel.
Abstract: This paper provides a review of recent developments in research and design practice surrounding the structural use of stainless steel, with an emphasis on structural stability. The nonlinear stress-strain characteristics of stainless steel, which are discussed first, give rise to a structural response that differs somewhat from that of structural carbon steel. Depending on the type and proportions of the structural element or system, the nonlinear material response can lead to either a reduced or enhanced capacity relative to an equivalent component featuring an elastic, perfectly plastic material response. In general, in strength governed scenarios, such as the in-plane bending of stocky beams, the substantial strain hardening of stainless steel gives rise to capacity benefits, while in stability governed scenarios, the early onset of stiffness degradation results in reduced capacity. This behaviour is observed at all levels of structural response including at cross-sectional level, member level and frame level, as described in the paper. Current and emerging design approaches that capture this response are also reviewed and evaluated. Lastly, with a view to the future, the application of advanced analysis to the design of stainless steel structures and the use of 3D printing for the construction of stainless steel structures are explored.
180 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a finite element (FE) model with three-dimensional solid elements using ABAQUS program is established to investigate the structural behavior of bolted shear connections with thin-walled stainless steel plate.
Abstract: The recently performed experimental study indicates that the current Japanese steel design standards (AIJ) cannot be used to predict accurately the ultimate behavior of bolted connections loaded in static shear, which are fabricated from thin-walled (cold-formed) SUS304 austenite stainless steel plates and thus, modified formula for calculating the ultimate strength to account for the mechanical properties of stainless steel and thin-walled steel plates were proposed. In this study, based on the existing test data for calibration and parametric study, finite element (FE) model with three-dimensional solid elements using ABAQUS program is established to investigate the structural behavior of bolted shear connections with thin-walled stainless steel plate. Non-linear material and non-geometric analysis is carried out in order to predict the load–displacement curves of bolted connections. Curling, i.e., out of plane deformation of the ends of connection plates which occurred in test specimens was also observed in FE model without geometric imperfection, the effect of curling on the ultimate strength was examined quantitatively and the failure criteria which is suitable to predict failure modes of bolted connections was proposed. In addition, results of the FE analysis are compared with previous experimental results, failure modes and ultimate strengths predicted by recommended procedures of FE showed a good correlation with those of experimental results and numerical approach was found to provide estimates with reasonable accuracy.
145 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Zhao et al. investigated the cross-sectional behavior of stainless steel tubular sections under combined axial load and bending, and provided a series of parametric results for the design provisions given in EN 1993-1-4 and SEI/ASCE-8.
106 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural performance of ferritic stainless steel structural components has been evaluated with the European (EN 1993-1-4) and North American (SEI/ASCE-8) provisions.
Abstract: Stainless steel is gaining increasing use in construction because of its durability, favorable mechanical properties, and aesthetic appearance, with the austenitic grades being the most commonly used. Austenitic stainless steels have a high nickel content (8-11%), resulting in high initial material cost and significant price fluctuations; this, despite its desirable properties, represents a considerable disadvantage in terms of material selection. Ferritic stainless steels, having no or very low nickel content, may offer a more viable alternative for structural applications, reducing both the level and variability of the initial material cost while maintaining adequate corrosion resistance. There is currently limited information available on the structural performance of this type of stainless steel. Therefore, to overcome this limitation, aseriesofmaterial,crosssection,andmembertestshavebeenperformed,coveringboththestandardEN1.4003grade(similartothechromium weldable structural steel 3Cr12) and the EN 1.4509 grade (441), which has improved weldability and corrosion resistance. In total, 20 tensile coupontests,16compressivecoupontests,eightstubcolumntests,15 flexuralbucklingtests,andeight in-planebendingtestswerecarriedout. Precisemeasurementsofthegeometricpropertiesofthetestspecimens,includingthelocalandglobalgeometricimperfections,werealsomade. The experimental results are used to assess the applicability of the current European (EN 1993-1-4) and North American (SEI/ASCE-8) provisions to ferritic stainless steel structural components. In addition, the relative structural performance of ferritic stainless steel to tha to f morecommonlyusedstainlesssteelgradesisalsopresented,showingferriticstainlesssteeltobeanattractivechoiceforstructuralapplications. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000580. © 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Beams; Buckling; Cold-formed steel; Columns; Cross sections; Hollow sections; Laboratory tests; Stainless steel; Experimentation.
101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed recent research on the behavior of CFSST columns and joints at both ambient and elevated temperatures, including tests of bond behaviour between the stainless steel tube and core concrete, and the static behaviour of stub columns, slender columns, beams, stainless steel-concrete-carbon steel double-skin tubular columns, and concrete filled bimetallic tubular column.
99 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: A review of recent developments in research and design practice surrounding the structural use of stainless steel, with an emphasis on structural stability, is provided in this paper, where the authors discuss the nonlinear stress-strain characteristics of structural stainless steel and give rise to a structural response that differs somewhat from that of structural carbon steel.
Abstract: This paper provides a review of recent developments in research and design practice surrounding the structural use of stainless steel, with an emphasis on structural stability. The nonlinear stress-strain characteristics of stainless steel, which are discussed first, give rise to a structural response that differs somewhat from that of structural carbon steel. Depending on the type and proportions of the structural element or system, the nonlinear material response can lead to either a reduced or enhanced capacity relative to an equivalent component featuring an elastic, perfectly plastic material response. In general, in strength governed scenarios, such as the in-plane bending of stocky beams, the substantial strain hardening of stainless steel gives rise to capacity benefits, while in stability governed scenarios, the early onset of stiffness degradation results in reduced capacity. This behaviour is observed at all levels of structural response including at cross-sectional level, member level and frame level, as described in the paper. Current and emerging design approaches that capture this response are also reviewed and evaluated. Lastly, with a view to the future, the application of advanced analysis to the design of stainless steel structures and the use of 3D printing for the construction of stainless steel structures are explored.
180 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a finite element (FE) model with three-dimensional solid elements using ABAQUS program is established to investigate the structural behavior of bolted shear connections with thin-walled stainless steel plate.
Abstract: The recently performed experimental study indicates that the current Japanese steel design standards (AIJ) cannot be used to predict accurately the ultimate behavior of bolted connections loaded in static shear, which are fabricated from thin-walled (cold-formed) SUS304 austenite stainless steel plates and thus, modified formula for calculating the ultimate strength to account for the mechanical properties of stainless steel and thin-walled steel plates were proposed. In this study, based on the existing test data for calibration and parametric study, finite element (FE) model with three-dimensional solid elements using ABAQUS program is established to investigate the structural behavior of bolted shear connections with thin-walled stainless steel plate. Non-linear material and non-geometric analysis is carried out in order to predict the load–displacement curves of bolted connections. Curling, i.e., out of plane deformation of the ends of connection plates which occurred in test specimens was also observed in FE model without geometric imperfection, the effect of curling on the ultimate strength was examined quantitatively and the failure criteria which is suitable to predict failure modes of bolted connections was proposed. In addition, results of the FE analysis are compared with previous experimental results, failure modes and ultimate strengths predicted by recommended procedures of FE showed a good correlation with those of experimental results and numerical approach was found to provide estimates with reasonable accuracy.
145 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Zhao et al. investigated the cross-sectional behavior of stainless steel tubular sections under combined axial load and bending, and provided a series of parametric results for the design provisions given in EN 1993-1-4 and SEI/ASCE-8.
106 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural performance of ferritic stainless steel structural components has been evaluated with the European (EN 1993-1-4) and North American (SEI/ASCE-8) provisions.
Abstract: Stainless steel is gaining increasing use in construction because of its durability, favorable mechanical properties, and aesthetic appearance, with the austenitic grades being the most commonly used. Austenitic stainless steels have a high nickel content (8-11%), resulting in high initial material cost and significant price fluctuations; this, despite its desirable properties, represents a considerable disadvantage in terms of material selection. Ferritic stainless steels, having no or very low nickel content, may offer a more viable alternative for structural applications, reducing both the level and variability of the initial material cost while maintaining adequate corrosion resistance. There is currently limited information available on the structural performance of this type of stainless steel. Therefore, to overcome this limitation, aseriesofmaterial,crosssection,andmembertestshavebeenperformed,coveringboththestandardEN1.4003grade(similartothechromium weldable structural steel 3Cr12) and the EN 1.4509 grade (441), which has improved weldability and corrosion resistance. In total, 20 tensile coupontests,16compressivecoupontests,eightstubcolumntests,15 flexuralbucklingtests,andeight in-planebendingtestswerecarriedout. Precisemeasurementsofthegeometricpropertiesofthetestspecimens,includingthelocalandglobalgeometricimperfections,werealsomade. The experimental results are used to assess the applicability of the current European (EN 1993-1-4) and North American (SEI/ASCE-8) provisions to ferritic stainless steel structural components. In addition, the relative structural performance of ferritic stainless steel to tha to f morecommonlyusedstainlesssteelgradesisalsopresented,showingferriticstainlesssteeltobeanattractivechoiceforstructuralapplications. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000580. © 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Beams; Buckling; Cold-formed steel; Columns; Cross sections; Hollow sections; Laboratory tests; Stainless steel; Experimentation.
101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed recent research on the behavior of CFSST columns and joints at both ambient and elevated temperatures, including tests of bond behaviour between the stainless steel tube and core concrete, and the static behaviour of stub columns, slender columns, beams, stainless steel-concrete-carbon steel double-skin tubular columns, and concrete filled bimetallic tubular column.
99 citations