Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality
TL;DR: Lawler as mentioned in this paper argued that being for the freeze means that one is not for disarmament, which is hardly a rational position in the sense that it is suspect if not immoral, in the eyes of some.
Abstract: that a plurality of the American Catholic bishops endorse a nuclear freeze (p. 4), saying that they are thus "taking their stance with Moscow,55 which is for a freeze, and not with the Vatican, which "is still in favor of disarmament?not a freeze.55 To make any sense at all, Mr. Lawler must mean that being for the freeze means that one is not for disarmament? hardly a rational position. One recalls here the arguments, during the 19305s and 19405s, that being for racial justice in the United States was suspect if not immoral, in the eyes of some, because the communists also favored it.
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TL;DR: Is democracy necessarily bound to territorial spaces and boundaries, or can democratic processes and institutions dispense with territorial ties? To answer this question, which arises, for example, as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Is democracy necessarily bound to territorial spaces and boundaries, or can democratic processes and institutions dispense with territorial ties? To answer this question, which arises, for example,...
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TL;DR: A well-known philosophical theory is drawn on to explain why donors are rarely fully compensated and why many existing proposals to raise donation rates are seen as controversial or even unethical.
Abstract: The number of living donations of human organs, tissues, and cells falls far short of the need. Market-like arrangements to increase donation rates have been proposed, but they are broadly considered unacceptable due to ethical concerns and are therefore not policy relevant in most countries. The purpose of this paper is to explore a different approach to increasing living donations, namely through the use of ethically acceptable compensation of donors. We review the compensation practices in Europe and find a lack of reimbursement of incurred costs and lack of compensation for non-monetary losses, which create disincentives for donation. We draw on a well-known philosophical theory to explain why donors are rarely fully compensated and why many existing proposals to raise donation rates are seen as controversial or even unethical. We present and discuss three categories of compensation with the potential to increase donation rates in an ethically acceptable way.
6 citations
Cites background or methods from "Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pl..."
...[15] M. Walzer, Spheres Of Justice: A Defense Of Pluralism And Equality....
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...However, in the context of Spheres of Justice, a patient is not receiving more or less in one sphere due to his or her standing in another sphere....
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...Some examples are listed as (among other things) vouchers for songs on iTunes, phone credit and software; museum entrance; tickets to the theater, concerts or lectures; charity donations in typically also sold in the free market, this type of compensation would, strictly speaking, not be considered acceptable in the Spheres of Justice context....
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...In section 4, we discuss the use of non-monetary compensation in a Spheres of Justice context....
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...More specifically, we base our reasoning on a Spheres of Justice framework [15]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, both the ad hoc and long-term reaction of the international community, mainly the Western international community which possesses the necessary resources and instruments for sudden and less sudden migration movements in a world of dynamic changes in the international economic and political arena, is discussed.
Abstract: This book is about both the ad hoc and long-term reaction of the international community, mainly the Western international community, which possesses the necessary resources and instruments for sudden and less sudden migration movements in a world of dynamic changes in the international economic and political arena. The first part entitled Relief and Reconstruction, analyses international response to the humanitarian crises arising as a result of violent conflicts. The second part, Facilitating Repatriation: Problems with the Process of Return, is concerned with the obstacles met by forced migrants who go back home. Part three, Immigration and Asylum, discusses the long-term international response to refugee crises.
6 citations
Cites background from "Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pl..."
...185THE SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF TEMPORARY PROTECTION national territory and thus membership and essentially access to the benefits of the social system (Walzer 1983)....
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TL;DR: A procurement system that pays for the costs of donation, as in the 2004 Wisconsin law, would be a way to employ financial incentives to increase organ donations without incurring many of the moral problems raised by critics.
Abstract: Voluntary donation of body organs for transplantation has failed to meet demand This article reviews organ procurement and allocation in the United States, critically examining the current system and discussing alternatives It proposes that a procurement system that pays for the costs of donation, as in the 2004 Wisconsin law, would be a way to employ financial incentives to increase organ donations without incurring many of the moral problems raised by critics
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