Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality
TL;DR: Lawler as mentioned in this paper argued that being for the freeze means that one is not for disarmament, which is hardly a rational position in the sense that it is suspect if not immoral, in the eyes of some.
Abstract: that a plurality of the American Catholic bishops endorse a nuclear freeze (p. 4), saying that they are thus "taking their stance with Moscow,55 which is for a freeze, and not with the Vatican, which "is still in favor of disarmament?not a freeze.55 To make any sense at all, Mr. Lawler must mean that being for the freeze means that one is not for disarmament? hardly a rational position. One recalls here the arguments, during the 19305s and 19405s, that being for racial justice in the United States was suspect if not immoral, in the eyes of some, because the communists also favored it.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse the relationship between consumption and working hours and highlight the environmental consequences of long hours: they encourage goods and energy-intensive consumptions and favor conspicuous expenditure and non-sustainable lifestyles.
Abstract: Many works on sustainable development stress the part played by reduced working hours in the promotion of a model for alternative development. The direct link between working hours and the environment, however, still deserves to be supported. This is the issue we would like to discuss through an analysis of the relationships between consumption and working hours. We use surveys on French household expenses to highlight the environmental consequences of long hours: they encourage goods and energy-intensive consumptions and favour conspicuous expenditure and non-sustainable lifestyles.
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01 Jan 2002
44 citations
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the uniqueness of human nature and the difference between the Western and other cultural worlds in the Ontological/Cosmic perspective of human culture and the evolution-based framework of economic development.
Abstract: Chapter 1 Preface Chapter 2 Introduction Part 3 Man and His Culture in the Ontological/Cosmic Perspective Chapter 4 The Evolutionary Framework Chapter 5 The Ontological/Cosmic Framework Chapter 6 The Uniqueness of Human Nature Part 7 Disjunction Between the Western and Other Cultural Worlds Chapter 8 From Utilitarian to Meaningful Rationality and Ethics Chapter 9 Interactive Social Order and Contemporary Society Chapter 10 Ethnicity and the Nation-State Chapter 11 Political Action and the State Chapter 12 Modernization as Framework of Economic Development Chapter 13 Conclusion Chapter 14 Notes Chapter 15 Bibliography Chapter 16 Index
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TL;DR: The authors identify different discursive legitimation strategies that are used by managers to deal with conflicts between justifications, and argue that this framework has broader implications in understanding the arguments that underpin social conflict over environmental sustainability.
Abstract: Despite increasing interest in corporate environmentalism, less attention has been directed to how corporations justify and defend their initiatives in this area. This is important in understanding how corporate environmentalism is legitimized in the face of crises, such as climate change, and the ongoing criticism of corporations' deleterious impacts upon the environment. Based on qualitative data from Australian corporations, we illustrate how organizations and managers employ a range of justifications for their activities in order to meet criticism and challenges. We identify different discursive legitimation strategies that are used by managers to deal with conflicts between justifications, and argue that this framework has broader implications in understanding the arguments that underpin social conflict over environmental sustainability.
43 citations
Cites background from "Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pl..."
...Boltanski and Thévenot (2006) question this dichotomy or separation by suggesting that most public disputes rest on a notion of good and that there are plural social or common goods, each with their own logic or rationality of distribution (see also Walzer, 1983)....
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...Any societal agreement, or continued legitimacy, is based on justifi cations of good or values recognized in a particular sphere (Walzer, 1983), or legitimate order (Boltanski and Thévenot, 2006), and suitable to the practical situation of the disagreement or challenge....
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: Hamermesh and Parker as mentioned in this paper found that attractiveness receives a premium and unattractiveness receives a penalty for being in the lowest 9 percent of looks among all workers, and a 5 percent premium for being among the top 33 percent.
Abstract: LOOKISM IS PREJUDICE TOWARD people because of their appearance. It has been receiving increasing attention, and it is becoming an important equal-opportunity issue. People we find attractive are given preferential treatment and people we find unattractive are denied opportunities. According to recent labor-market research, attractiveness receives a premium and unattractiveness receives a penalty. For both men and women, results “suggest a 7–9-percent penalty for being in the lowest 9 percent of looks among all workers, and a 5percent premium for being in the top 33 percent” (Hamermesh and Biddle 1994 , p. 1186). Similar results were found in a study involving attorneys (Biddle and Hamermesh 1998, pp. 172–201). These studies adjusted for other determinants, but they were unable to determine if beauty led to differences in productivity that economists believe generate differences in earnings. This is an important issue for economists because they seem to assume that a beauty premium might be justified if it is connected to increased productivity. In one study, Hamermesh and Parker (2003) concluded that it may be impossible to untangle productivity and discrimination. In an interview, however, Hamermesh, one of the principal investigators in much of the labor-market research, said that “hiring attractive staff had proved a successful strategy for some companies. He studied, for instance, 250 Dutch advertising agencies and found ‘the agencies that had better-looking managers did better, a lot better actually’” (Saltau 2001). In another interview he said, “Good looking workers
43 citations