Open accessJournal Article

Spin cat states in ferromagnetic insulators

04 Mar 2021-Physical Review B (American Physical Society)-Vol. 103, Iss: 10
Abstract: Generating nonclassical states in macroscopic systems is a long-standing challenge. A promising platform in the context of this quest are novel hybrid systems based on magnetic dielectrics, where photons can couple strongly and coherently to magnetic excitations, although a nonclassical state therein is yet to be observed. We propose a scheme to generate a magnetization cat state, i.e., a quantum superposition of two distinct magnetization directions, using a conventional setup of a macroscopic ferromagnet in a microwave cavity. Our scheme uses the ground state of an ellipsoid shaped magnet, which displays anisotropic quantum fluctuations akin to a squeezed vacuum. The magnetization collapses to a cat state by either a single photon or a parity measurement of the microwave cavity state. We find that a cat state with two components separated by $\ensuremath{\sim}5\ensuremath{\hbar}$ is feasible and briefly discuss potential experimental setups that can achieve it.

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Open accessJournal Article
Huaiyang Yuan1, Shasha Zheng2, Qiongyi He2, Jiang Xiao3  +3 moreInstitutions (5)
07 Apr 2021-Physical Review B
Abstract: It is widely recognized that a physical system can respond to a periodic driving significantly only when the driving frequency matches the normal mode frequency of the system, which leads to resonance. Off-resonant phenomena are rarely considered because of the difficulty to realize strong coupling between physical systems and off-resonant waves. Here we examine the response of a magnetic system to squeezed light and surprisingly find that the magnons are maximally excited when the effective driving frequency is several orders of magnitude larger than the resonant frequency. The generated magnons are squeezed, which brings the advantage of tunable squeezing through an external magnetic field. Furthermore, we demonstrate that such off-resonant quasiparticle excitation is universal in all the hybrid systems in which the coherent and parametric interaction of bosons exists and that it is purely a quantum effect, which is rooted in the quantum fluctuations of particles in the squeezed vacuum. Our findings may provide an unconventional route to study off-resonant phenomena and may further benefit the use of hybrid matter-light systems in continuous-variable quantum information.

3 Citations

Open accessJournal Article
Abstract: We put forward the concept of an optomagnonic crystal: a periodically patterned structure at the microscale based on a magnetic dielectric, which can co-localize magnon and photon modes. The co-localization in small volumes can result in large values of the photon-magnon coupling at the single quanta level, which opens perspectives for quantum information processing and quantum conversion schemes with these systems. We study theoretically a simple geometry consisting of a one-dimensional array of holes with an abrupt defect, considering the ferrimagnet Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) as the basis material. We show that both magnon and photon modes can be localized at the defect, and use symmetry arguments to select an optimal pair of modes in order to maximize the coupling. We show that an optomagnonic coupling in the kHz range is achievable in this geometry, and discuss possible optimization routes in order to improve both coupling strengths and optical losses.

Topics: Magnon (59%), Photon (54%), Yttrium iron garnet (53%) ... show more

3 Citations

Open accessJournal Article
Feng-Xiao Sun1, Feng-Xiao Sun2, Shasha Zheng2, Shasha Zheng1  +6 moreInstitutions (3)
Abstract: The magnon cat state represents a macroscopic quantum superposition of collective magnetic excitations of large number spins that not only provides fundamental tests of macroscopic quantum effects but also finds applications in quantum metrology and quantum computation. In particular, remote generation and manipulation of Schr\"odinger cat states are particularly interesting for the development of long-distance and large-scale quantum information processing. Here, we propose an approach to remotely prepare magnon even or odd cat states by performing local non-Gaussian operations on the optical mode that is entangled with the magnon mode through pulsed optomagnonic interaction. By evaluating key properties of the resulting cat states, we show that for experimentally feasible parameters, they are generated with both high fidelity and nonclassicality, as well as with a size large enough to be useful for quantum technologies. Furthermore, the effects of experimental imperfections such as the error of projective measurements and dark count when performing single-photon operations have been discussed, where the lifetime of the created magnon cat states is expected to be $t\ensuremath{\sim}1\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$.

Topics: Cat state (63%), Magnon (61%), Quantum technology (58%) ... show more

2 Citations

Open accessJournal Article
24 Mar 2021-
Abstract: The authors propose an optomagnonic crystal consisting of a Faraday-active magnetic dielectric which is periodically patterned at the microscale and supports both photon and magnon modes.

Topics: Magnon (63%), Microscale chemistry (53%), Crystal (52%)

1 Citations

Open accessJournal Article
Abstract: The polarization dependence of magnon-photon scattering in an optical microcavity is reported. Because of the short cavity length, the longitudinal mode-matching conditions found in previously explored, large path-length whispering gallery resonators are absent. Nonetheless, for cross-polarized scattering a strong and broadband suppression of one sideband is observed. This arises due to an interference between the Faraday and second-order Cotton-Mouton effects. To fully account for the suppression of the cross-polarized scattering, it is necessary to consider the squeezing of magnon modes intrinsic to thin-film geometry. A copolarized scattering due to Cotton-Mouton effect is also observed. In addition, the magnon modes involved are identified as Damon-Eshbach surface modes, whose nonreciprocal propagation could be exploited in device applications. This Letter experimentally demonstrates the important role of second-order Cotton-Mouton effect for optomagnonic devices.

1 Citations

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72 results found

Journal Article
Roy J. Glauber1Institutions (1)
15 Sep 1963-Physical Review
Abstract: Methods are developed for discussing the photon statistics of arbitrary fields in fully quantum-mechanical terms. In order to keep the classical limit of quantum electrodynamics plainly in view, extensive use is made of the coherent states of the field. These states, which reduce the field correlation functions to factorized forms, are shown to offer a convenient basis for the description of fields of all types. Although they are not orthogonal to one another, the coherent states form a complete set. It is shown that any quantum state of the field may be expanded in terms of them in a unique way. Expansions are also developed for arbitrary operators in terms of products of the coherent state vectors. These expansions are discussed as a general method of representing the density operator for the field. A particular form is exhibited for the density operator which makes it possible to carry out many quantum-mechanical calculations by methods resembling those of classical theory. This representation permits clear insights into the essential distinction between the quantum and classical descriptions of the field. It leads, in addition, to a simple formulation of a superposition law for photon fields. Detailed discussions are given of the incoherent fields which are generated by superposing the outputs of many stationary sources. These fields are all shown to have intimately related properties, some of which have been known for the particular case of blackbody radiation.

4,939 Citations

Open accessJournal Article
Abstract: We review the field of cavity optomechanics, which explores the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and nano- or micromechanical motion This review covers the basics of optical cavities and mechanical resonators, their mutual optomechanical interaction mediated by the radiation pressure force, the large variety of experimental systems which exhibit this interaction, optical measurements of mechanical motion, dynamical backaction amplification and cooling, nonlinear dynamics, multimode optomechanics, and proposals for future cavity quantum optomechanics experiments In addition, we describe the perspectives for fundamental quantum physics and for possible applications of optomechanical devices

Topics: Optomechanics (78%)

3,289 Citations

Journal Article
T. Holstein1, H. Primakoff2Institutions (2)
15 Dec 1940-Physical Review
Abstract: In this paper, the variation of the intrinsic domain magnetization of a ferromagnetic with the external magnetic field, is obtained. The basis of the treatment is the exchange interaction model amplified by explicit consideration of the dipole-dipole interaction between the atomic magnets. Approximations appropriate to low temperatures and equivalent to those used by Bloch in his derivation of the ${T}^{1}$ law, are introduced. The resultant expression for the intrinsic volume susceptibility decreases slowly with increasing field; at high fields the functional dependence is as the inverse square root of the field. The variation with temperature is linear; at room temperature and for fields of about 4000 gauss, the order of magnitude of the (volume) susceptibility is ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. The results are compared with experiment and satisfactory agreement is found.

2,515 Citations

Journal Article
01 Jun 1945-Physical Review
Abstract: Charts and tables of the demagnetizing factors of prolate and oblate spheroids are readily available; however, demagnetizing factors of ellipsoids of three different axes are incompletely tabulated and laborious to calculate. This article presents charts and tables which make possible easy determination of the demagnetizing factor for any principal axis of an ellipsoid of any shape. Formulas for the demagnetizing factors of the general ellipsoid are included together with supplementary formulas which cover a large number of special cases.

Topics: Ellipsoid (55%),

1,953 Citations

Journal Article
Armin Uhlmann1Institutions (1)
Abstract: Let ω,ϱ be two states of a ∗-algebra and let us consider representations of this algebra R for which ω and ϱ are realized as vector states by vectors x and y. The transition probability P(ω,ϱ) is the spectrum of all the numbers |(x,y)|2 taken over all such realizations. We derive properties of this straightforward generalization of the quantum mechanical transition probability and give, in some important cases, an explicit expression for this quantity.

Topics: ,

1,346 Citations

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