Spinel-Structured Ternary Ferrites as Effective Agents for Chemical Looping CO2 Splitting
18 Feb 2020-Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (American Chemical Society)-Vol. 59, Iss: 15, pp 6924-6930
TL;DR: In this article, a reverse water gas shift on the basis of chemical looping technology was proposed for efficiently converting CO2 to CO for hydrocarbons at moderate temperature (<750 °C).
Abstract: Reverse water gas shift on the basis of chemical looping technology provides a viable method for efficiently converting CO2 to CO for hydrocarbons at moderate temperature (<750 °C). However, the co...
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TL;DR: The ACT ALIGN-CCUS project (No 271501) has received funding from RVO (NL), FZJ/PtJ (DE), Gassnova (NO), UEFISCDI (RO), BEIS (UK) and is co-funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 programme ACT, Grant Agreement No 691712; www.alignccus.eu as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: S.G. would like to thank funding from the PrISMa and ALIGN-CCUS projects. The PrISMa Project (No 299659) is funded through the ACT programme (Accelerating CCS Technologies, Horizon 2020 Project No 294766). Financial contributions made from BEIS together with extra funding from NERC and EPSRC, UK; RCN, Norway; SFOE, Switzerland; and US-DOE, USA, are gratefully acknowledged. The ACT ALIGN-CCUS project (No 271501) has received funding from RVO (NL), FZJ/PtJ (DE), Gassnova (NO), UEFISCDI (RO), BEIS (UK) and is co-funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 programme ACT, Grant Agreement No 691712; www.alignccus.eu. E.S.P. thanks funding from the Young Researchers R&D Project Ref.2177 financed by the Community of Madrid and the Rey Juan Carlos University.
29 citations
TL;DR: The use of ion-conductive GdxCe2-xO2-δ (GDC) to prepare the supported oxygen carriers achieves both high reactivity and stability and can be used to predict and select oxygen carriers with high CO2 splitting performance.
Abstract: The chemical looping process is promising for CO2 conversion because of the much higher CO2 conversion efficiency than the photocatalytic and electrocatalytic processes. Conventional oxygen carrier...
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a hybrid organosilica was used as a hybrid nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives in aqueous media via a three-component one-pot condensation of isatoic anhydride and aromatic aldehydes with primary amines or ammonium salts.
Abstract: Benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid-functionalized MCM-41 (MCM-41-Pr-BTA), as a novel hybrid organosilica, was prepared and properly characterized by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, thermal gravimetric analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to evaluate the functional groups, crystallinity, surface area, morphology, particle size distribution and loading of functional groups. Interestingly, the 1,3-propylene linker used in this study incorporates appropriate catalytic activity into the MCM-41 framework compared to the more known trialkoxypropyl silanes. This new organosilica can be used as a hybrid nanocatalyst for the expeditious and efficient synthesis of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives, as an important pharmaceutical scaffold, in aqueous media via a three-component one-pot condensation of isatoic anhydride and aromatic aldehydes with primary amines or ammonium salts. This method has several advantages such as low catalyst loading, high to excellent yields, short reaction times, working under green conditions and simple workup.
22 citations
20 citations
TL;DR: Results show that a novel Cu–In2O3 structured oxide can show a remarkably higher CO2 splitting rate than ever reported, and can open up new avenues to achieve effective CO2 conversion at lower temperatures.
Abstract: Efficient activation of CO2 at low temperature was achieved by reverse water–gas shift via chemical looping (RWGS-CL) by virtue of fast oxygen ion migration in a Cu–In structured oxide, even at lower temperatures. Results show that a novel Cu–In2O3 structured oxide can show a remarkably higher CO2 splitting rate than ever reported. Various analyses revealed that RWGS-CL on Cu–In2O3 is derived from redox between Cu–In2O3 and Cu–In alloy. Key factors for high CO2 splitting rate were fast migration of oxide ions in the alloy and the preferential oxidation of the interface of alloy–In2O3 in the bulk of the particles. The findings reported herein can open up new avenues to achieve effective CO2 conversion at lower temperatures.
17 citations
References
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TL;DR: This Account focuses on molecular approaches to photochemical CO(2) reduction in homogeneous solution and discusses four classes of transition-metal catalysts: metal tetraaza-macrocyclic compounds; supramolecular complexes; metalloporphyrins and related metallomacrocycles; Re(CO)(3)(bpy)X-based compounds; and bicarbonate/carbonate production.
Abstract: The scientific community now agrees that the rise in atmospheric CO2, the most abundant green house gas, comes from anthropogenic sources such as the burning of fossil fuels. This atmospheric rise in CO2 results in global climate change. Therefore methods for photochemically transforming CO2 into a source of fuel could offer an attractive way to decrease atmospheric concentrations. One way to accomplish this conversion is through the light-driven reduction of carbon dioxide to methane (CH4(g)) or methanol (CH3OH(l)) with electrons and protons derived from water. Existing infrastructure already supports the delivery of natural gas and liquid fuels, which makes these possible CO2 reduction products particularly appealing. This Account focuses on molecular approaches to photochemical CO2 reduction in homogeneous solution. The reduction of CO2 by one electron to form CO2•− is highly unfavorable, having a formal reduction potential of −2.14 V vs SCE. Rapid reduction requires an overpotential of up to 0.6 V, du...
1,060 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare the status of three main lines of CCS technologies with respect to efficiency, energy consumption, and technical feasibility as well as the implications of the CCS on the efficiency and structure of the energy supply chain.
Abstract: While Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies are being developed with the focus of capturing and storing CO2 in huge quantities, new methods for the chemical exploitation of carbon dioxide (CCU) are being developed in parallel. The intensified chemical or physical utilization of CO2 is targeted at generating value from a limited part of the CO2 stream and developing better and more efficient chemical processes with reduced CO2 footprint. Here, we compare the status of the three main lines of CCS technologies with respect to efficiency, energy consumption, and technical feasibility as well as the implications of CCS on the efficiency and structure of the energy supply chain.
924 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the literature on reverse water gas shift (rWGS) catalyst types, catalyst mechanisms, and the implications of their use in CO2 conversion processes in the future is presented.
Abstract: Current society is inherently based on liquid hydrocarbon fuel economies and seems to be so for the foreseeable future. Due to the low rates (photocatalysis) and high capital investments (solar-thermo-chemical cycles) of competing technologies, reverse water gas shift (rWGS) catalysis appears as the prominent technology for converting CO2 to CO, which can then be converted via CO hydrogenation to a liquid fuel of choice (diesel, gasoline, and alcohols). This approach has the advantage of high rates, selectivity, and technological readiness, but requires renewable hydrogen generation from direct (photocatalysis) or indirect (electricity and electrolysis) sources. The goal of this review is to examine the literature on rWGS catalyst types, catalyst mechanisms, and the implications of their use CO2 conversion processes in the future.
348 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a defect model based on low-temperature oxygen non-stoichiometry data is formulated and extrapolated to higher temperatures more relevant to thermochemical redox cycles.
Abstract: A thermodynamic and experimental investigation of a new class of solar thermochemical redox intermediates, namely, lanthanum–strontium–manganese perovskites, is presented. A defect model based on low-temperature oxygen non-stoichiometry data is formulated and extrapolated to higher temperatures more relevant to thermochemical redox cycles. Strontium contents of x = 0.3 (LSM30) and x = 0.4 (LSM40) in La1–xSrxMnO3−δ result in favorable reduction extents compared to ceria in the temperature range of 1523–1923 K. Oxidation with CO2 and H2O is not as thermodynamically favorable and largely dependent upon the oxidant concentration. The model is experimentally validated by O2 non-stoichiometry measurements at high temperatures (>1623 K) and CO2 reduction cycles with commercially available LSM35. Theoretical solar–fuel energy conversion efficiencies for LSM40 and ceria redox cycles are 16 and 22% at 1800 K and 13 and 7% at 1600 K, respectively.
301 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Fischer Tropsch (FT) reaction is used to convert biomass to liquid (BTL) transportation fuels via FT reaction and worldwide attempts to commercialize this process.
Abstract: Current global energy scenario and the environmental deterioration aspect motivates substituting fossil fuel with a renewable energy resource - especially transport fuel. This paper reviews the current status of trending biomass to liquid (BTL) conversion processes and focuses on the technological developments in Fischer Tropsch (FT) process. FT catalysts in use, and recent understanding of FT kinetics are explored. Liquid fuels produced via FT process from biomass derived syngas promises an attractive, clean, carbon neutral and sustainable energy source for the transportation sector. Performance of the FT process with various catalysts, operating conditions and its influence on the FT products are also presented. Experience from large scale commercial installations of FT plants, primarily utilizing coal based gasifiers, are discussed. Though biomass gasification plants exist for power generation via gas engines with power output of about 2 MWe; there are only a few equivalent sized FT plants for biomass derived syngas. This paper discusses the recent developments in conversion of biomass to liquid (BTL) transportation fuels via FT reaction and worldwide attempts to commercialize this process. All the data presented and analysed here have been consolidated from research experiences at laboratory scale as well as from industrial systems. Economic aspects of BTL are reviewed and compared. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
294 citations