Spiralists: Their Careers and Family Lives
About: This article is published in British Journal of Sociology.The article was published on 1970-09-01. It has received 13 citations till now.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that particular types of commitment systems are responsible for whether or not strain will occur and a theory of scarcity excuses explains how strain or overload is generally rooted in one such system.
Abstract: Sociologists generally invoke a natural "scarcity" approach to human energy, stressing the overdemanding nature of multiple roles. In contrast, a seldom used "expansion" approach provides an energy-creation theory of multiple roles rather than a "spending" or "drain" theory. Empirical literature only partially supports the scarcity approach view that multiple roles inevitably create "strain." Moreover, human physiology implies that human activity produces as well as consumes energy. We need a comprehensive theory that explains both the scarcity and the abundance phenomenology of energy. Such a theory requires careful analytical distinctions between time, energy, and commitments. It is argued that particular types of commitment systems are responsible for whether or not strain will occur. A theory of scarcity excuses explains how strain or overload is generally rooted in one such system. Scarcity excuses get implicit support from scarcity theories, and a sociology of these theories suggests their ideological basis.
1,536 citations
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01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of consumer behavior in the context of marketing and consumer decision-making, including individual consumer behavior, personality and consumer choice, and group consumer behavior.
Abstract: Part 1: Introduction 1. Marketing and the Consumer Part 2: Individual Consumer Behaviour 2. Perception and Learning 3. Consumer Motiveation 4. Personality and Consumer Choice 5. Attitudes and Consumer Behavior Part 3: Group Consumer Behaviour 6. Group Influences and Interpersonal Communication 7. The Family and Consumer Socialisation 8. Social Stratification and Consumer Decision Making 9. Cultures and Subcultures 10. Integration and Application
45 citations
TL;DR: In a review essay of the kind attempted here, it is desirable at the outset to specify as clearly as possible the field that is to be covered as mentioned in this paper, and the geographical and temporal limits that we have set for ourselves are incorporated in our title.
Abstract: In a review essay of the kind attempted here, it is desirable at the outset to specify as clearly as possible the field that is to be covered. The geographical and temporal limits that we have set for ourselves are incorporated in our title, but in both respects an additional comment is called for. First, in referring to &dquo;the study of social stratification in Great Britain&dquo;, we wish to indicate that our attention will for the most part be confined not only to work undertaken by British, or British-based, social scientists, but also to work which relates to British society. Secondly, in specifying the period 19461976, we do not wish to be understood as seeking to write a comprehensive history of work in the field of social stratification over these years. We shall, rather, concentrate on those investigations and issues which appear to us from the standpoint of the present to be of greatest significance; and where work of a decade or more ago can now be seen, with the benefit of hindsight, to have been of only passing interest, or has been clearly superseded, we shall feel free to disregard it. A far more difficult matter is, of course, that of the extension that we shall
27 citations
TL;DR: The authors explored the need importance patterns and involvement in work and family contexts and found that in the family context, affiliative needs were most important followed by subsistence and growth needs, while in the work context, growth needs are most important, followed by affiliative and subsistence needs.
Abstract: This binational study explored the need importance patterns and involvement in work and family contexts Results reveal that in the work context, growth needs are most important, followed by affiliative and subsistence needs In the family context, affiliative needs are most important followed by subsistence and growth needs Involvement in work and family contexts was found to be influenced by the need satisfaction potential of the respective contexts This explained the nature of relationship between work and family involvement The cross-national generalizability and usefulness of a motivational model for research on involvement in multilife-spheres are discussed
23 citations
TL;DR: This study compares work-family conflict (WFC) and family-work conflict (FWC) among staff, managerial, and executive nurses and suggests efforts must be taken to decrease WFC/FWC among nurses in these roles.
18 citations
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