Spray Dried Extract of Phormidium valderianum as a Promising Source of Natural Antioxidant
10 Aug 2014-International journal of food science (Hindawi Publishing Corporation)-Vol. 2014, pp 897497-897497
TL;DR: This microencapsulated algal extract with minimum toxicity is a source of natural antioxidant and could have promising use as novel dietary supplement.
Abstract: Microencapsulation of antioxidant-rich fraction obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (at 50°C, 500 bar with extraction time of 90 min, and flow rate of CO2 at 2 L/min) of lyophilized biomass of Phormidium valderianum was carried out in a spray dryer using maltodextrin and gum arabic. Microencapsulation conditions that provided the best combination of phytochemical properties such as antioxidant activity, phenolic content, and reducing power with reasonable powder yield were an inlet temperature of 130°C and wall material composition as maltodextrin: gum arabic = 70 : 30. Toxicological study reported that the Anatoxin-a content of this encapsulated powder was below the limit of detection of HPLC. Storage study established that encapsulation of this antioxidant-rich algal extract resulted in eight times enhancement of half-life () values. The release profile of microencapsulated antioxidant-rich fraction from the encapsulated powder was found to follow first order anomalous transport kinetics. Therefore, this microencapsulated algal extract with minimum toxicity is a source of natural antioxidant and could have promising use as novel dietary supplement.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the implementation of microencapsulation as a delivery system for coffee antioxidants, focusing on the critical aspects of microparticles food incorporation, and further studies regarding the aforementioned parameters are needed in order to design suitable microroparticles for functional foods.
Abstract: Background Functional foods fortified with antioxidants are gaining more popularity since consumption alone of foods naturally rich in antioxidants is insufficient to reduce oxidative stress associated with various diseases. Despite their beneficial effects, natural antioxidants present in coffee are sensitive to heat, light and oxygen, limiting their application in the food industry. Although microencapsulation is able to protect the antioxidant from degradation, mask its taste and control its release, the process of microparticles incorporation affects the original food properties. Scope and approach A carefully designed delivery system is essential to produce sensory appealing food, guarantee the delivery of the bioactive ingredient, prevent interactions with other food components and overcome problems encountered during food manufacturing and digestion. This review discusses the implementation of microencapsulation as a delivery system for coffee antioxidants, focusing on the critical aspects of microparticles food incorporation. Key findings and conclusions The development of microparticles containing coffee antioxidants for food applications should consider technological issues (such as antioxidant bioavailability, food manufacturing process and product final properties) as well as regulatory standards, economic feasibility and consumer acceptability. Further studies regarding the aforementioned parameters are needed in order to design suitable microparticles for functional foods.
161 citations
TL;DR: The ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) method as mentioned in this paper has been used for the extraction of bioactive compounds from marine algae, especially polysaccharides, such as carrageenans and alginate, pigments, and phenolic compounds.
Abstract: The increase in life expectancy has led to the appearance of chronic diseases and interest in healthy aging, in turn promoting a growing interest in bioactive compounds (BCs) and functional ingredients. There are certain foods or products rich in functional ingredients, and algae are one of them. Algae consumption has been nominal in Europe until now. However, in recent years, it has grown significantly, partly due to globalization and the adoption of new food trends. With the aim of obtaining BCs from foods, multiple methods have been proposed, ranging from conventional ones, such as maceration or Soxhlet extraction, to more innovative methods, e.g., ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). UAE constitutes a novel method, belonging to so-called green chemistry, that enables the extraction of BCs requiring lower amounts of solvent and energy costs, preserving the integrity of such molecules. In recent years, this method has been often used for the extraction of different BCs from a wide range of algae, especially polysaccharides, such as carrageenans and alginate; pigments, including fucoxanthin, chlorophylls, or β-carotene; and phenolic compounds, among others. In this way, the application of UAE to marine algae is an efficient and sustainable strategy to pursue their deep characterization as a new source of BCs, especially suitable for vegetarian and vegan diets.
51 citations
TL;DR: This review focuses on exploring encapsulation systems for microalgae biomass, their extracts, or purified bioactives for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes, and covers the most common encapsulation techniques and types of coating materials used.
Abstract: Microalgae are microorganisms with a singular biochemical composition, including several biologically active compounds with proven pharmacological activities, such as anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, among others. These properties make microalgae an interesting natural resource to be used as a functional ingredient, as well as in the prevention and treatment of diseases, or cosmetic formulations. Nevertheless, natural bioactives often possess inherent chemical instability and/or poor solubility, which are usually associated with low bioavailability. As such, their industrial potential as a health-promoting substance might be severely compromised. In this context, encapsulation systems are considered as a promising and emerging strategy to overcome these shortcomings due to the presence of a surrounding protective layer. Diverse systems have already been reported in the literature for natural bioactives, where some of them have been successfully applied to microalgae compounds. Therefore, this review focuses on exploring encapsulation systems for microalgae biomass, their extracts, or purified bioactives for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic purposes. Moreover, this work also covers the most common encapsulation techniques and types of coating materials used, along with the main findings regarding the beneficial effects of these systems.
49 citations
Cites methods from "Spray Dried Extract of Phormidium v..."
...[179] reported the encapsulation process by spray-drying of an antioxidant-rich fraction of P....
[...]
TL;DR: Piperine-rich black pepper extract obtained from α-amylase-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (at 300bar, 60°C, 135min total extraction time and a flow rate of gaseous CO 2 of 2L/min) was encapsulated as nanoliposomes for enhanced storage stability and to allow sustained release of piperine as mentioned in this paper.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a lutein-rich extract from African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) flowers (packaged-irradiated) was obtained by the green technology of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction at 450bar (4.5×107), 80°C after 105min of extraction time, and the encapsulation parameters were optimized using a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design to obtain highest microencapsulation efficiency under the experimental conditions.
23 citations
References
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined the parameters required to evaluate nebulisation efficiency and listed factors influencing nebulization efficiency, including the droplet size and the quantity of drug nebulised.
Abstract: In recent years, the use of nebulisers to generate aerosols has been greatly extended because of their numerous advantages. Two types of nebulisers are commonly used, each based on a different principle : - jet nebulisers, based on the Venturi effect to fragment liquid preparations into small droplets. - ultrasonic nebulisers, using the vibrations of a quartz to produce aerosol. The use of nebulisers lacks standardisation, which may account for certain inefficiency. First of all, we defined the parameters required to evaluate nebulisation efficiency. Although droplet size is a commonly used parameter, it is not sufficient to forecast efficiency. It must be associated with the quantity of drug nebulised and nebulisation time. Secondly, we listed factors influencing nebulisation efficiency.
654 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of 23 microalgae were evaluated, using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay and the Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively.
631 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a methodology that utilizes reversephase HPLC and diode array detection to profile the phenolic composition of fruit juices is presented, and the influence of processing and storage on phenolic compositions of Thompson Seedless grape juice is investigated.
Abstract: This paper presents methodology that utilizes reversephase HPLC and diode array detection to profile the phenolic composition of fruit juices. The influence of processing and storage on the phenolic composition of Thompson Seedless grape juice is investigated. Comparison between HPLC and colorimetric quantitation of phenolics is also made
608 citations
"Spray Dried Extract of Phormidium v..." refers methods in this paper
...The total phenolic content determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was expressed as μg gallic acid equivalent/g dry algae [29] and its reducing power determined in accordance with the method of Oyaizu [30] was expressed as mg BHT equivalent/g dry algae, using standard curves prepared for gallic acid and BHT, respectively....
[...]
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the crude aqueous extract of H. longifolium is a potential source of natural antioxidants, and this justified its uses in folkloric medicines.
Abstract: Many oxidative stress related diseases are as a result of accumulation of free radicals in the body. A lot of researches are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plants origins. The aims of this study were to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activities and to screen for phytochemical constituents of Helichrysum longifolium DC. [Family Asteraceae] aqueous crude extract. We assessed the antioxidant potential and phytochemical constituents of crude aqueous extract of Helichrysum longifolium using tests involving inhibition of superoxide anions, DPPH, H2O2, NO and ABTS. The flavonoid, proanthocyanidin and phenolic contents of the extract were also determined using standard phytochemical reaction methods. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, steroids and saponins. The total phenolic content of the aqueous leaf extract was 0.499 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract powder. The total flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents of the plant were 0.705 and 0.005 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of extract powder respectively. The percentage inhibition of lipid peroxide at the initial stage of oxidation showed antioxidant activity of 87% compared to those of BHT (84.6%) and gallic acid (96%). Also, the percentage inhibition of malondialdehyde by the extract showed percentage inhibition of 78% comparable to those of BHT (72.24%) and Gallic (94.82%). Our findings provide evidence that the crude aqueous extract of H. longifolium is a potential source of natural antioxidants, and this justified its uses in folkloric medicines.
444 citations
"Spray Dried Extract of Phormidium v..." refers methods in this paper
...The supernatant was analyzed for bioactive compounds such as antioxidant activity (IC 50 values ofDPPH assay), total phenolic content (𝜇g gallic acid equivalent/g powder), reducing power (mg BHT equivalent/g powder), and Anatoxin-a content....
[...]
...These dispersions were agitated in a vortex at room temperature for 1min and then filtered using 0.45 𝜇m Millipore filter and then assayed for antioxidant activity (by DPPH assay), total phenolic content, and reducing power....
[...]
...0 5 le ve l. 60 43.44 ± 0.89e 23.31 ± 0.97c aIC50 values of DPPH radical scavenging assay are mean ± SD of three experimental runs....
[...]
...The antioxidant activity of the samples was determined by DPPH radical scavenging assay and the release curve was obtained from percentage of released antioxidants (related to the total antioxidant content) with time....
[...]
...At optimized SC-CO 2 conditions (50∘C, 500 bar, extraction time 90min, and flow rate of CO 2 at 2 L/min), the antioxidant activity of the algal extract (from the IC 50 values of DPPH radical scavenging activity) was determined as 0.38mg/mL....
[...]
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that phycocyanin is a potent peroxyl radical scavenger with an IC(50) of 5.0 microM and the rate constant ratios obtained for phydynamic acid and uric acid were 1.54 and 3.5, respectively, which clearly suggest that the covalently linked chromophore, phyCocyanobilin, is involved in the antioxidant and radical scavenging activity of phy cokyanin.
428 citations